The Use of Vacuum-Dried Maral Blood in the Treatment of Purulent Wounds

INTRODUCTION: Purulent wounds of soft tissues remain one of the main problems of modern surgery. More than 30% of patients in surgical hospitals and over 60–70% of primary requests for surgical care are patients with infectious complications of wounds. The use of various inexpensive biogenic growth factors, such as maral preparations, in particular vacuum-dried maral blood (VDMB), seems promising for potentiating reparative processes. AIM: To study the effectiveness of using VDMB in treatment of purulent wounds in experiment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wistar rats (n=90) standardized by sex, weight and age, were divided into 3 groups: group 1 (control) — no treatment, group 2 (control) — daily dressings using 0.01% benzyldimethyl-myristoylamino-propylammonium (BMP) solution, group 3 (experimental) — similar dressings supplemented with application of VDMB. Purulent wounds were modeled in rats with subsequent assessment of hyperemia, soft tissue edema in the defect area, type and amount of discharge, appearance of epithelialization and granulation, surface cleansing (fibrinolysis, necrolysis), wound area, histological and histochemical analysis of the skin dermis. RESULTS: Utilization of VDMB in combination with 0.01% BMP solution resulted in reduction in the time of stopping local inflammatory reactions. In group 1 the average wound area on day 7 was (34.4±4.8) mm2, in group 2 — (29.3±4.6) mm2, and in group 3 — (20.7±4.7) mm2. In group 3 reduction of microbial contamination on day 3 to 102–103 microbial bodies per 1 ml of exudate was recorded, versus 105–108 in the control groups. The morphological picture of the reparative processes indicated a more complete restoration of tissue histoarchitecture when using complex treatment in the experimental group, early potentiation of remodeling processes and activation of cellular elements. CONCLUSION: The use of VDMB in the complex treatment of purulent wounds of soft tissues permitted to reduce the time of stopping local inflammatory reactions, accelerate the reduction of the wound area, decrease the activity of growth of bacterial microflora in the wound. There was also demonstrated a positive dynamic of cellular elements and connective tissue fibers, which evidences a more complete restoration of the dermis when using the proposed treatment method.