Determination of Spectral Characteristics of Reflection on Grain Crops for Digital Technologies for Remote Monitoring of Deseales

This study is devoted to the study of the spectral characteristics of the reflection of healthy and diseased plants of winter wheat. The studies were carried out in 2021 at the on experimental crops of winter wheat artificially infected with a strain of the fungus Fusarium graminearum of the field site FSBSI VIZR of the research laboratory in the Belgorod region. Various options included studies of the spectral characteristics of the reflection of infected areas of winter wheat crops after treatment with the chemical fungicide Input, EC and the biological fungicide Alirin-B, F, taking into account the biological effectiveness of these protection products. Artificial infection of test plots of winter wheat was carried out with a strain of the fungus Fusarium graminearum from the VIZR collection. The values of the spectral brightness of healthy and diseased winter wheat plants were determined using a PSR-1100 spectroradiometer. in the wavelength range of electromagnetic radiation from 320 to 1100 nm and is shown by the spectral brightness coefficient (SBC). Studies have shown that spectroradiometry makes it possible to identify informative features that show the differences between healthy and Fusarium graminearum-infected plants in winter wheat based on the spectral brightness of the reflection of optical waves. According to the spectral characteristics of reflection, it was found that significant differences in the spectral brightness of healthy and infected plants of winter wheat are observed in the red and near infrared subrange of optical wavelengths. The dependence of the SBC of winter wheat plants on the biological effectiveness of protective agents was revealed. When using a chemical fungicide against Fusarium graminearum, the SBC of winter wheat plants is 1.8 times higher than in areas treated with a biological fungicide, which correlates with the biological effectiveness of the applied pesticides.