FEATURES OF BORIC ACID SORPTION BY FIBAN A-5 ANION-EXCHANGE FIBER UNDER STATIC CONDITIONS

Буцких Е.А., Воронюк И.В., Елисеева Т.В., Поликарпов А.П., Шункевич А.А.

Abbasi A., Yahya W.Z., Nasef M.M., Moniruzzaman M., Ghumman A.S., Afolabi H.K.

Boron removal by novel sulfur-based boron selective adsorbent is herein reported. The sulfur-based polymer prepared by the inverse vulcanization of sulfur and 4-vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) under optimized reaction conditions was used as a substrate and further functionalized by N -methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG) under optimized reaction conditions. Batch adsorption boron removal tests showed that a pH of 9 results in the highest adsorption capacity while an increase in the adsorbent dosage also showed a non-linear increase in the removal capacity. Acid and alkali regeneration of the used adsorbent showed 86% of its initial capacity after five cycles. The equilibrium isotherms of the adsorption were best fitted with the Redlich-Peterson model indicating that the boron adsorption obeys the principles of both monolayer and multilayer adsorption with a Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity of 7.186 mg/g. On the other hand, pseudo-second-order best fitted the adsorption kinetics meaning that chemisorption is the main controlling mechanism. The thermodynamic studies showed an endothermic spontaneous adsorption process with an increased randomness degree at the solid/liquid interface after the adsorption. The developed adsorbent is the first sulfur-rich polymer and selective boron adsorbent that can effectively reduce boron in water while also offering a considerably lower price due to utilizing the cheap and already available elemental sulfur. • Boron removal as a new application of sulfur-based polymers is introduced. • Glucamine is used to make hydroxylated sulfur-based boron selective adsorbent. • The adsorbent's properties and efficiency are evaluated using different techniques. • The adsorbent makes use of the abundant sulfur and shows high adsorption capacity.

Figueira M., Reig M., Fernández de Labastida M., Cortina J.L., Valderrama C.

The European Union (EU) depends on third markets to supply many important raw materials. Increasing the circularity of critical raw materials within the EU is important not only from an environmental perspective, but also as a competitive advantage for the EU economy. In the case of boron, the EU's import dependency is about 100%. This work aims to evaluate the boron recovery from seawater desalination plants (SWDP) brines using ion-exchange resins in a circular economy approach. Commercial boron selective resins Purolite S108, DIAION CRB03 and CRB05 were tested and compared on batch and dynamic experiments. Thermodynamic and kinetic experiments were performed, and results were fitted by linear and non-linear models. After a comparison, results showed a good fit to the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second order model, respectively, for all the commercial resins tested. The DIAION CRB03 resin presented higher sorption capacity and percentage of boron sorbed than the other resins and was selected as the best option for boron recovery from SWDP brine. Dynamic experiments in fixed bed column using DIAION CRB03 resulted in a sorption capacity of 13 mg/g of resin, a boron recovery of 98% and a concentration factor of 30, for an initial boron concentration of 50 mg/L. In addition, an economic analysis was carried out as a preliminary estimate of the revenues obtained from the production of boric acid from the brine produced by El Prat desalination plant.

Landsman M.R., Rivers F., Pedretti B.J., Freeman B.D., Lawler D.F., Lynd N.A., Katz L.E.

Poor selectivity of conventional desalination membranes for boron often necessitates multi-stage treatment trains to achieve desired boron removal for end uses such as irrigation. One approach to membrane design for improved single-pass boric acid removal is via incorporation of chelating ligands that selectively sorb boron. In this study, membranes based on epoxy-amine cross-linked poly(glycidyl glycidyl ether) (PGGE) were synthesized and functionalized with N -methyl- d -glucamine (NMDG), a polyol known to interact selectively with boron. PGGE and PGGE-NMDG membranes exhibited boron sorption isotherms that were well-described by dual mode isotherms. PGGE-NMDG sorbed 2.5 mmol B/g dry polymer from a neutral aqueous solution containing 100 mmol B/L, which was almost three times the adsorption density of a commercial boron selective resin, Amberlite IRA743. The membranes were regenerated in acid without a significant loss of boron sorption capacity over four cycles. Interactions between boron and NMDG and PGGE sites ( e.g. , epoxides) impacted boron diffusion in both membranes. The use of ligand functionalized membranes to capture target solutes such as boron requires high loading of interacting sites to maximize uptake capacity. Establishing fundamental structure/property rules for boron selectivity could lead to new material designs with improved boron separation properties for water purification. • PGGE membranes were synthesized and functionalized with NMDG for boron removal. • Boron sorption in the membranes was reversible and exhibited dual mode behavior. • Boron diffusion was influenced by specific interactions with PGGE and NMDG sites. • Boron capture by polyol membranes requires high capacities or frequent regeneration.

Najid N., Kouzbour S., Ruiz-García A., Fellaou S., Gourich B., Stiriba Y.

Boron overabundance in drinking and irrigation water is a severe environment and health issues because it is toxic to various crops and induces many human and animals diseases with long-term exposition. Desalinated seawater from reverses osmosis (RO) plant, which is the most widely used technology in this field, often contains high boron concentration. Hence, a costly second pass RO process is required which makes most of the scientists into the obligation to find simple, sustainable and efficient alternatives in terms of quality and cost to comply with the WHO standards (2.4 mg L −1 ). In this trend, the present review aims to give an analysis of different existing processes for boron removal from seawater, including electrocoagulation, sorption processes encountered adsorption and ion exchange resins, and other membrane processes like electrodialysis, electro ionization, membrane distillation and adsorption membrane filtration. The performances of these processes are compared and their pros and cons are discussed. The fundamentals of each technique, the operating parameters effects and findings are also reported. Electrocoagulation as a pretreatment prior to reverse osmosis as a hybrid system seems to be more suitable and promising to mitigate boron from seawater due to its feasibility, sustainability and cheapness. Future perspectives for this hybrid system are discussed. This review also includes the economical assessment for each method. The focus of this paper is thus to provide updated information deboronation processes and exhibit the development of its guidance. • An update review on deboronation technologies from seawater has been exposed. • Hybrid processes are highly efficient to remove boron from seawater. • A comparison of deboronation technologies from seawater, including their pros and cons, has been discussed. • The economic study of these processes has been analyzed.

Lopalco A., Lopedota A.A., Laquintana V., Denora N., Stella V.J.

Abstract This review provides insight into the use of boric acid as a pharmaceutical, a buffer, and an adjuvant/excipient in pharmaceutical formulations. Boric acid is a Lewis acid with a pKa of 8.92–9.24 that is sensitive to temperature, ionic strength, and concentration. The pKa varies with concentration because of polymerization above 0.02 M. Boric acid reacts reversibly with alcohols, especially 1,2-diols including carbohydrates, with carboxylic acids, thiols, and amines. These esters/adducts, are also Lewis acids with lower pKa values. Boric acid can stabilize some materials while catalyzing the degradation of others. Boric acid is used in various dermal and women's hygiene products because of its mild antibacterial and antifungal activity. In ophthalmic products, it is used as a buffer and in combination with other preservatives to broaden the prservative spectrum. Boric acid has been used reluctantly in parenteral products but appears to be quite safe at low doses. However, at high exposure, toxicity, including death, has been reported in humans, especially in children. Animal toxicities have also been noted, including reductions in male sperm counts. Boric acid is well absorbed on oral dosing. Its biological half-life is about 21 h in humans and has an affinity for some tissues, especially bone.

Eliseeva T.V., Voronyuk I.V., Vasileva E.V.

Определены кинетические и равновесные характеристики сорбции метаналя волокнистымионообменником ФИБАН А-5W, имеющим в структуре вторичные и третичные аминогруппы, в ста-тических условиях. Установлено время достижения равновесия в системе раствор метаналя – сорбент.На основе подхода Бойда-Адамсона проведен анализ кинетических кривых сорбции, осуществленаоценка лимитирующей стадии процесса поглощения альдегида. Получены изотермы сорбции метана-ля при разных температурах и проведена их интерпретация с привлечением ряда известных моделей.Рассчитаны значения свободной энергии Гиббса процесса поглощения с использованием константысорбционного равновесия уравнения Ленгмюра.

Аристархов А.Н., Яковлева Т.А.

Ide T., Hirayama Y.

Understanding energies and structures related to boron adsorption by d -glucamine group has an essential role in the improvement of boron removal from wastewater. In this study, we carried out a molecular scale analysis of boron adsorption by density functional theory (DFT) computations. All 30 species of boron-bonding d -glucamine were considered in an adsorption site model. Moreover, a total of 24 bis- d -glucamine adsorption sites, including five-membered and six-membered chelate rings were calculated. The values of ΔH and ΔG in the boron adsorption reaction were obtained by the PW6B95-D3ATM/ma-def2-TZVP//PBE0/6-31 + G(d,p) level of theory with the SMD solvation energy. Moreover, the 11B NMR chemical shift was also computed to compare the experimental results. Our computational results concluded that the adsorption of boron was achieved through two d -glucamine groups. The boron-adsorbed species has five-membered and/or six-membered chelate rings. The predicted 11B NMR chemical shift of the species matched with the experimental value. We conclude that the adsorption of boron by the bis- d -glucamine site is an endothermic reaction despite adsorption, which means the driving force of the reaction is entropy. These results suggested that there is a possibility for improvement in boron adsorption from the design of the adsorption functional group.

Сазонова В.Ф., Перлова О.В., Перлова Н.А., Поликарпов А.П.

Meshcheryakov S.V., Gonopolsky A.M., Sushkova A.V., Duzhenko I.S., Begansky I.V.

Govorova Z.М.

Десятов А.В., Колесников В.А., Кручинина Н.Е., Ландырев А.М., Колесников А.В.

Dydo P., Turek M.

A literature survey on the effectiveness of boron transport and removal across ion exchange membranes is presented. The effects of the type of membrane, the type of boron-bearing species, and operating conditions are presented. Based on the above effects, the technical applicability and feasibility of boron removal methods that involve ion exchange membranes are also discussed. Among the technologies considered are electrodialysis (ED), Donnan dialysis, and electrodeionization. In addition, the possibility for boron separation from ionic species by ED is discussed. Finally, the costs of boron removal and separation from salts using methods that employ ion exchange membranes are presented and discussed.

Kochkodan V., Darwish N.B., Hilal N.

The chapter describes boron chemistry in aqueous solutions. The physicochemical properties of boron as a chemical element, boron distribution in the Earth's lithosphere/hydrosphere, and the pathways of boron entering the aqueous environmental are discussed. The data on boron content in surface waters, underground waters, and seawater are presented, and the distribution of boron compounds and their concentrations in aqueous solutions at different pH are described. The chemistry of boron-containing species in aqueous solutions is analyzed in detail. Finally, the current regulations for boron content in drinking water as well as analytical techniques for boron quantification in water are presented.