Open Access
Open access

TOWARD, a metabolic health intervention, demonstrates robust 1-year weight loss and cost-savings through deprescription

Laura Buchanan 1
Matthew Calkins 2
Tro Kalayjian 1
Nicholas G. Norwitz 3
Nina Teicholz 4
David Unwin 5, 6
Adrian Soto-Mota 7, 8
1
 
Private Practice, Tappan, NY, United States
2
 
Atrium Health One Health, Rural Hall, NC, United States
4
 
Freelance Journalist, New York, NY, United States
5
 
Faculty of Health Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
6
 
Need for Nutrition Education Project (NNEdPro) Global Institute for Food Nutrition and Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Тип публикацииJournal Article
Дата публикации2025-02-14
scimago Q1
wos Q1
БС1
SJR1.115
CiteScore7.9
Impact factor5.1
ISSN2296861X
Краткое описание
Background

Cost, scalability, and durability represent major challenges to the implementation of intensive lifestyle treatments for obesity and diabetes. We previously reported pilot data from a 6-month intervention in which a self-insured manufacturing company partnered with a metabolic health clinic that utilizes therapeutic carbohydrate reduction (TCR), asynchronous monitoring, and a community-based approach to treat employees with metabolic disease. This manuscript presents weight loss and cost-savings from deprescription at the 12-month time point.

Methods

50 employees, mean BMI 43.2 ± 8.7 kg/m2, 64% with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes, were enrolled in the multimodal TOWARD telemedicine intervention, which includes: Text-based communications, Online interactions, Wellness coaching, Asynchronous education, Real-time biofeedback and remote monitoring, and Dietary modifications that emphasizes TCR.

Results

41 completed the one-year intervention. Mean weight loss for the 50 subjects in the intention-to-treat analysis was 19.5 ± 11.4 kg, corresponding to 15.5% total body weight loss with concomitant deprescription of 96 medications, while starting only 8 medications. In patients who discontinued GLP-1 receptor agonists, weight loss continued or was maintained. Annualized cost savings from the TOWARD approach were approximately -$1700 per patient, as compared to an annualized cost burden of roughly +$13000 per patient for a GLP-1 receptor agonist.

Conclusion

The TOWARD approach represents a scalable metabolic health intervention that demonstrates robust improvements in weight while simultaneously allowing for deprescription leading to substantial cost savings. TOWARD could serve as a scalable tool to facilitate intensive lifestyle intervention with efficacy on par with GLP-1 receptor agonists.

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Buchanan L. et al. TOWARD, a metabolic health intervention, demonstrates robust 1-year weight loss and cost-savings through deprescription // Frontiers in Nutrition. 2025. Vol. 12.
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Buchanan L., Calkins M., Kalayjian T., Norwitz N. G., Teicholz N., Unwin D., Soto-Mota A. TOWARD, a metabolic health intervention, demonstrates robust 1-year weight loss and cost-savings through deprescription // Frontiers in Nutrition. 2025. Vol. 12.
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TY - JOUR
DO - 10.3389/fnut.2025.1548609
UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1548609/full
TI - TOWARD, a metabolic health intervention, demonstrates robust 1-year weight loss and cost-savings through deprescription
T2 - Frontiers in Nutrition
AU - Buchanan, Laura
AU - Calkins, Matthew
AU - Kalayjian, Tro
AU - Norwitz, Nicholas G.
AU - Teicholz, Nina
AU - Unwin, David
AU - Soto-Mota, Adrian
PY - 2025
DA - 2025/02/14
PB - Frontiers Media S.A.
VL - 12
SN - 2296-861X
ER -
BibTex
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@article{2025_Buchanan,
author = {Laura Buchanan and Matthew Calkins and Tro Kalayjian and Nicholas G. Norwitz and Nina Teicholz and David Unwin and Adrian Soto-Mota},
title = {TOWARD, a metabolic health intervention, demonstrates robust 1-year weight loss and cost-savings through deprescription},
journal = {Frontiers in Nutrition},
year = {2025},
volume = {12},
publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},
month = {feb},
url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1548609/full},
doi = {10.3389/fnut.2025.1548609}
}