Open Access
Open access
MDPI
Cancers
,  volume 17 ,  issue 5 ,  pages 879

The Complexity of Malignant Glioma Treatment

Linde F C Kampers 1
, 
Dennis S Metselaar 2, 3, 4, 5
, 
Maria Vinci 6
, 
Fabio Scirocchi 6
, 
Sophie E.M. Veldhuijzen van Zanten 2, 7, 8
, 
Matthias Eyrich 9
, 
Veronica Biassoni 10
, 
Esther Hulleman 2
, 
Michael Karremann 11
, 
WILFRIED STÜCKER 1
, 
Stefaan W. Van Gool 1
1
 
Immun-Onkologisches Zentrum Köln, 50674 Köln, Germany | 
2
 
3
 
Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany | 
4
 
5
 
German Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany | 
6
 
7
 
8
 
9
 
10
 
11
 
Publication type: Journal Article
Publication date: 2025-03-04
MDPI
scimago Q1
wos Q2
SJR: 1.462
CiteScore: 8.8
Impact factor: 4.4
ISSN: 20726694
Abstract

Malignant glioma is a highly aggressive, therapeutically non-responsive, and deadly disease with a unique tumor microenvironment (TME). Of the 14 currently recognized and described cancer hallmarks, five are especially implicated in malignant glioma and targetable with repurposed drugs: cancer stem-like cells, in general, and glioma stem-like cells in particular (GSCs), vascularization and hypoxia, metabolic reprogramming, tumor-promoting inflammation and sustained proliferative signaling. Each hallmark drives malignant glioma development, both individually and through interactions with other hallmarks, in which the TME plays a critical role. To combat the aggressive malignant glioma spatio-temporal heterogeneity driven by TME interactions, and to overcome its therapeutic challenges, a combined treatment strategy including anticancer therapies, repurposed drugs and multimodal immunotherapy should be the aim for future treatment approaches.

Found 
Found 

Are you a researcher?

Create a profile to get free access to personal recommendations for colleagues and new articles.
Metrics
6
Share
Cite this
GOST |
Cite this
GOST Copy
Kampers L. F. C. et al. The Complexity of Malignant Glioma Treatment // Cancers. 2025. Vol. 17. No. 5. p. 879.
GOST all authors (up to 50) Copy
Kampers L. F. C., Metselaar D. S., Vinci M., Scirocchi F., Veldhuijzen van Zanten S. E., Eyrich M., Biassoni V., Hulleman E., Karremann M., STÜCKER W., Van Gool S. W. The Complexity of Malignant Glioma Treatment // Cancers. 2025. Vol. 17. No. 5. p. 879.
RIS |
Cite this
RIS Copy
TY - JOUR
DO - 10.3390/cancers17050879
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/17/5/879
TI - The Complexity of Malignant Glioma Treatment
T2 - Cancers
AU - Kampers, Linde F C
AU - Metselaar, Dennis S
AU - Vinci, Maria
AU - Scirocchi, Fabio
AU - Veldhuijzen van Zanten, Sophie E.M.
AU - Eyrich, Matthias
AU - Biassoni, Veronica
AU - Hulleman, Esther
AU - Karremann, Michael
AU - STÜCKER, WILFRIED
AU - Van Gool, Stefaan W.
PY - 2025
DA - 2025/03/04
PB - MDPI
SP - 879
IS - 5
VL - 17
SN - 2072-6694
ER -
BibTex |
Cite this
BibTex (up to 50 authors) Copy
@article{2025_Kampers,
author = {Linde F C Kampers and Dennis S Metselaar and Maria Vinci and Fabio Scirocchi and Sophie E.M. Veldhuijzen van Zanten and Matthias Eyrich and Veronica Biassoni and Esther Hulleman and Michael Karremann and WILFRIED STÜCKER and Stefaan W. Van Gool},
title = {The Complexity of Malignant Glioma Treatment},
journal = {Cancers},
year = {2025},
volume = {17},
publisher = {MDPI},
month = {mar},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/17/5/879},
number = {5},
pages = {879},
doi = {10.3390/cancers17050879}
}
MLA
Cite this
MLA Copy
Kampers, Linde F. C., et al. “The Complexity of Malignant Glioma Treatment.” Cancers, vol. 17, no. 5, Mar. 2025, p. 879. https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/17/5/879.