Open Access

Energies

, volume 16 , issue 2 , pages 820

Incorporation of Blockchain Technology for Different Smart Grid Applications: Architecture, Prospects, and Challenges

Muhammad Waseem ^{1, 2}

Muhammad Adnan Khan ¹

Arman Goudarzi ³

Shah Fahad ⁴

Intisar Ali Sajjad ¹

Pierluigi Siano ^{5, 6}

Hide authors affiliations Show authors affiliations: 6 affiliations

Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47050, Pakistan |

School of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China |

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada |

⁴

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA |

⁵

Department of Management & Innovation Systems, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy |

⁶

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa |

Publication type: Journal Article

Publication date: 2023-01-11

MDPI

Energies

scimago Q1

wos Q3

SJR: 0.713

CiteScore: 7.3

Impact factor: 3.2

ISSN: 19961073

DOI: 10.3390/en16020820

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Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Energy Engineering and Power Technology

Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

Building and Construction

Control and Optimization

Engineering (miscellaneous)

Energy (miscellaneous)

Abstract

Smart grid integrates computer, communication, and sensing technologies into existing power grid networks to achieve significant informatization-related advantages. It will provide communication between neighbors, localized management, bidirectional power transfer, and effective demand response. Smart grids (SG) replace conventional grids by integrating various operational measures, including smart automation appliances, smart meters, and renewable energy sources. Regarding energy management and resolving energy issues, SG is one of the most cutting-edge and potentially game-changing innovations. Even still, its complexity suggests that decentralization may provide significant gains. Because of its increasing digitization and interconnectedness, it is also vulnerable to cyber threats. Blockchain, in this sense, is a potential SG paradigm solution that provides several great benefits. Even though blockchains have been widely discussed to decentralize and strengthen smart grid cybersecurity, they have not yet been researched in depth from an application and architectural standpoint. Blockchain-enabled SG applications are the subject of an in-depth research investigation. Electric vehicles (EVs), home automation, energy management systems, etc., are only a few of the many examples that have prompted the proposal of blockchain designs for their respective use cases. Information communication network security is of paramount importance. However, this evolving system raises cybersecurity issues. This paper aims to guide researchers in the right manner so they may build blockchain-based, secure, distributed SG applications in the future. This article also summarizes cybersecurity threats pertaining to smart grids. It starts with a description of a blockchain followed by the blockchain infrastructure, challenges, and solutions for different smart grid applications. A look back at the tried-and-true methods of securing a power grid is offered, and then it discusses the newer and more complex cybersecurity threats to the smart grid. In addition, models of common cyberattacks are presented, and the methods of defense against them are examined.

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GOST |

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GOST Copy

Waseem M. et al. Incorporation of Blockchain Technology for Different Smart Grid Applications: Architecture, Prospects, and Challenges // Energies. 2023. Vol. 16. No. 2. p. 820.

GOST all authors (up to 50) Copy

Waseem M., Khan M. A., Goudarzi A., Fahad S., Sajjad I. A., Siano P. Incorporation of Blockchain Technology for Different Smart Grid Applications: Architecture, Prospects, and Challenges // Energies. 2023. Vol. 16. No. 2. p. 820.

RIS |

Cite this

RIS Copy

TY - JOUR

DO - 10.3390/en16020820

UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/en16020820

TI - Incorporation of Blockchain Technology for Different Smart Grid Applications: Architecture, Prospects, and Challenges

T2 - Energies

AU - Waseem, Muhammad

AU - Khan, Muhammad Adnan

AU - Goudarzi, Arman

AU - Fahad, Shah

AU - Sajjad, Intisar Ali

AU - Siano, Pierluigi

PY - 2023

DA - 2023/01/11

PB - MDPI

SP - 820

IS - 2

VL - 16

SN - 1996-1073

ER -

BibTex |

Cite this

BibTex (up to 50 authors) Copy

@article{2023_Waseem,

author = {Muhammad Waseem and Muhammad Adnan Khan and Arman Goudarzi and Shah Fahad and Intisar Ali Sajjad and Pierluigi Siano},

title = {Incorporation of Blockchain Technology for Different Smart Grid Applications: Architecture, Prospects, and Challenges},

journal = {Energies},

year = {2023},

volume = {16},

publisher = {MDPI},

month = {jan},

url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/en16020820},

number = {2},

pages = {820},

doi = {10.3390/en16020820}

}

MLA

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MLA Copy

Waseem, Muhammad, et al. “Incorporation of Blockchain Technology for Different Smart Grid Applications: Architecture, Prospects, and Challenges.” Energies, vol. 16, no. 2, Jan. 2023, p. 820. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16020820.

Publisher

MDPI

Journal

Energies

scimago Q1

wos Q3

SJR

0.713

CiteScore

7.3

Impact factor

3.2

ISSN

19961073 (Print, Electronic)