A Cost-Minimization Analysis of Teleconsultation Versus In-Person Care for Chronic Diseases and Rehabilitation in Medically Underserved Areas of South Korea

Background/Objectives: Access to healthcare in medically underserved areas remains a significant challenge in South Korea due to the concentration of healthcare resources in metropolitan regions. Telemedicine offers a promising approach to mitigating this issue, yet its cost-effectiveness in these settings remains underexplored. This study aims to conduct a cost-minimization analysis comparing teleconsultation and in-person care for chronic diseases, dementia, and rehabilitation in medically underserved areas. Methods: In accordance with CHEERS 2022 guidelines, this study evaluates both direct and indirect costs from a societal perspective, while accounting for costs borne by various societal stakeholders. It provides evidence to guide policy decisions in regions with significant healthcare access disparities. Results: Using data from South Korea’s 2018 teleconsultation pilot program involving 1232 patients, the analysis revealed that teleconsultation reduced societal costs per consultation by USD 7.92 for chronic diseases, USD 27.30 for dementia care, and USD 9.61 for rehabilitation. These savings were primarily attributed to reductions in productivity losses and transportation expenses. Furthermore, the analysis identified a shift in financial burden from patients and caregivers to government and public expenditures. Conclusions: The findings highlight teleconsultation’s effectiveness in reducing healthcare costs while consistently benefiting diverse patient groups, underscoring the necessity of integrating telemedicine into mainstream healthcare systems to improve access and alleviate financial strain on patients and their families.