Impact of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on the Metabolic Interactions between Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV)

Roshan Shaalan ^{1, 2}

Ludmilla Ibrahim ²

Falah As Sadi ²

Walid El Kayal ³

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Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Forestry, 1700 Sofia, Bulgaria |

Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut 999095, Lebanon |

Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences (FAFS), American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut 1107, Lebanon |

Publication type: Journal Article

Publication date: 2022-12-10

MDPI

Journal: Horticulturae

scimago Q1

SJR: 0.552

CiteScore: 3.5

Impact factor: 3.1

ISSN: 23117524

DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8121182

Copy DOI

Plant Science

Horticulture

Abstract

In natural systems, plant–endophyte interactions are important for reducing abiotic and biotic stresses in plants by producing a variety of metabolites that protect plants from pathogens and herbivores. Biocontrol strategies are increasingly being used as a viable alternative to chemical pesticides. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are one of them, and they have been touted as a successful method for biological pest control in plants. Because EPF strains are sensitive to environmental conditions when sprayed, the recently discovered endophytic behavior of several EPF strains has improved their management. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is one of the most common and serious plant viruses worldwide, infecting over 1200 plant species and being spread by more than 80 aphid species. CMV control is directed towards the use of chemical insecticides to eradicate its insect vectors. Endophytic EPF is currently being studied to control plant virus infection, and antagonistic effects have been reported. Metabolomics is an emerging research field for plant metabolite profiling and is employed to study plant–endophyte interactions. In the present research, metabolomics approaches were conducted to gain information into mechanisms involved in defense against CMV in endophytes Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (EPF)-treated diseased cucumber plants. In addition, CMV-induced metabolic changes in cucumber plants were investigated. Our analysis indicated large differences in cucumber metabolites due to endophytes application. In total, six hundred and thirty-one metabolites were differentially expressed in endophyte-treated CMV diseased cucumber plants. Regulation of different kinds of amino acids, organic acids, and phenylpropanoids metabolites could provide insight about plant defense mechanism against CMV pathogen. Important metabolites were found to be regulated in diseased cucumber plants due to fungal endophytes treatment that could possibly confer tolerance to CMV disease.

Found

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Insects	Insects, 1, 33.33% Insects 1 publication, 33.33%
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry	Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 1, 33.33% Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 1 publication, 33.33%
Crop Protection	Crop Protection, 1, 33.33% Crop Protection 1 publication, 33.33%
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