Open Access
Open access
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, volume 24, issue 20, pages 15079

Gas Sensing and Half-Metallic Materials Design Using Metal Embedded into S Vacancies in WS2 Monolayers: Adsorption of NO, CO, and O2 Molecules

Eduardo Rangel Cortes 1
José Pablo Garcia-Islas 1
Josue Gutierrez-Rodriguez 1
Saul Montes de Oca 1
José Andres Garcia-Gonzalez 1
José M. Nieto-Jalil 1
Alan Miralrio 1
Publication typeJournal Article
Publication date2023-10-11
scimago Q1
SJR1.179
CiteScore8.1
Impact factor4.9
ISSN16616596, 14220067
Catalysis
Organic Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Computer Science Applications
Spectroscopy
Molecular Biology
General Medicine
Abstract

The adsorption of CO, NO, and O2 molecules onto Cu, Ag, and Au atoms placed in the S vacancies of a WS2 monolayer was elucidated within dispersion-corrected density functional theory. The binding energies computed for embedded defects into S vacancies were 2.99 (AuS), 2.44 (AgS), 3.32 eV (CuS), 3.23 (Au2S2), 2.55 (Ag2S2), and 3.48 eV/atom (Cu2S2), respectively. The calculated diffusion energy barriers from an S vacancy to a nearby site for Cu, Ag, and Au were 2.29, 2.18, and 2.16 eV, respectively. Thus, the substitutional atoms remained firmly fixed at temperatures above 700 K. Similarly, the adsorption energies showed that nitric oxide and carbon oxide molecules exhibited stronger chemisorption than O2 molecules on any of the metal atoms (Au, Cu, or Ag) placed in the S vacancies of the WS2 monolayer. Therefore, the adsorption of O2 did not compete with NO or CO adsorption and did not displace them. The density of states showed that a WS2 monolayer modified with a Cu, Au, or Ag atom could be used to design sensing devices, based on electronic or magnetic properties, for atmospheric pollutants. More interestingly, the adsorption of CO changed only the electronic properties of the MoS2-AuS monolayer, which could be used for sensing applications. In contrast, the O2 molecule was chemisorbed more strongly than CO or NO on Au2S2, Cu2S2, or Ag2S2 placed into di-S vacancies. Thus, if the experimental system is exposed to air, the low quantities of O2 molecules present should result in the oxidation of the metallic atoms. Furthermore, the O2 molecules adsorbed on WS2-Au2S2 and WS2-CuS introduced a half-metallic behavior, making the system suitable for applications in spintronics.

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