Open Access
Open access
Journal of Clinical Medicine, volume 13, issue 19, pages 5837

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Comprehensive Review

Molly Jain 1
Morgan Kay Crites 1
Patricia Rich 1
Bharat Bajantri 1
1
 
Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN 46845, USA
Publication typeJournal Article
Publication date2024-09-30
scimago Q1
SJR0.882
CiteScore5.7
Impact factor3
ISSN20770383
PubMed ID:  39407894
Abstract

Mesotheliomas are hyperplastic tumors that envelop the serosal membranes that safeguard the body’s external surfaces. Although certain instances may exhibit indolent characteristics, a significant number of tumors demonstrate rapid progression and a poor prognosis. Mesotheliomas are typically categorized as benign or malignant, with malignant mesothelioma being more frequently linked to asbestos exposure. Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) predominantly impacts males and often emerges in the late 50 s or beyond, characterized by a median age of early 70 s among patients exposed to asbestos lasting from 2 to 4 decades. Respiratory exposure to asbestos particles leads to the development of malignant mesothelioma, characterized by recurrent inflammation, disruption of cell division, activation of proto-oncogenes, and generation of free radicals. In pleural mesothelioma, BAP1, CDKN2A, and NF are the most often mutated genes. Accurate diagnosis and assessment usually require the use of chest computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET). Radiation therapy, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery are some of the treatment options that are currently available. This systematic review provides a comprehensive analysis of the latest research, biomarkers, evaluation, and management strategies for malignant pleural mesothelioma.

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