Open Access
Open access
Pharmaceuticals, volume 17, issue 11, pages 1511

Innovative Epicardial Bigels Containing Amiodarone Hydrochloride: Pharmacotechnical and Analytical Characterization

Cezara Pintea 1, 2, 3
Robert Alexandru Vlad 1, 3
Paula Antonoaea 1, 3
Emőke Margit Rédai 1, 3
Magdalena Bîrsan 2, 4
Enikő-Csilla Barabás 5
Andrei Manea 2, 6
Iulia Alexandra Pușcaș 2, 7
Adriana Ciurba 1, 3
Show full list: 9 authors
1
 
Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
2
 
Medicine and Pharmacy Doctoral School, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
3
 
Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
4
 
Department of Drug Industry and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania
5
 
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mures, County Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
6
 
Department of Radiology, Mures, County Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
7
 
The Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases and Transplantation Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
Publication typeJournal Article
Publication date2024-11-09
Journal: Pharmaceuticals
scimago Q1
wos Q1
SJR0.845
CiteScore6.1
Impact factor4.3
ISSN14248247
Abstract

Background/Objectives: The search for novel ways of providing treatment also targets the development of formulations used in drug delivery. Among the important characteristics of pharmaceutical gels are their ability to penetrate membranes, their capability to offer rapid response, and their capacity to avoid the hepatic metabolization route followed by many drugs. Bigels combine the advantages of both hydrogels and oleogels, creating a biphasic system that might improve the solubility of amiodarone in water, which is otherwise poorly soluble. This study aimed to succeed in formulating stable amiodarone hydrochloride bigels (coded from ABG1-ABG6) destined for atrial application and evaluating them from a pharmacotechnical perspective. Methods: Three of the six initial formulations presented stability and underwent studies of spreadability, rheology, drug content, textural properties, and microbiological activity. A statistical analysis was performed on penetrometry and drug assay data. Results: The spreadability varied from 1734.07 mm2 (ABG1) to 2163.85 mm2 (ABG6), while the drug concentration ranged between 1.35 and 1.49% (w/w). The textural profile analysis highlighted superior hardness, cohesiveness, and resilience for ABG6 and higher adhesion for ABG2. Both presented pseudoplastic thixotropic behavior, while a plastic thixotropic flow was registered in the case of ABG1. Conclusions: All three bigels are suitable for amiodarone incorporation; however, the influence of the type of ingredients chosen on the texture and properties of the formulations was reflected in the data gathered upon evaluation.

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