Open Access
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Sensors, volume 23, issue 14, pages 6409

Miniature Integrated 2.4 GHz Rectennas Using Novel Tunnel Diodes

Christopher Walsh 1
, 
Saad G. Muttlak 1
, 
Mohammadreza Sadeghi 2
, 
Mohamed Missous 1
1
 
2
 
Advanced Hall Sensors Ltd., Manchester M17 1RW, UK | 
Publication type: Journal Article
Publication date: 2023-07-14
Journal: Sensors
Q1
Q2
SJR: 0.786
CiteScore: 7.3
Impact factor: 3.4
ISSN: 14243210, 14248220
Biochemistry
Analytical Chemistry
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Instrumentation
Abstract

This work presents the design, fabrication, and measured results of a fully integrated miniature rectenna using a novel tunnel diode known as the Asymmetrical Spacer Layer Tunnel (ASPAT). The term rectenna is an abbreviation for a rectifying antenna, a device with a rectifier and antenna coexisting as a single design. The ASPAT is the centrepiece of the rectifier used for its strong temperature independence, zero bias, and high dynamic range. The antenna is designed to be impedance matched with the rectifier, eliminating the need for a matching network and saving valuable real estate on the gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate. The antenna is fully integrated with the rectifier on a single chip, thus enabling antenna miniaturisation due to the high dielectric constant of GaAs and spiral design. This miniaturisation enables the design to be fabricated economically on a GaAs substrate whilst being comparable in size to a 15-gauge needle, thus unlocking applications in medical implants. The design presented here has a total die size of 4 × 1.2 mm2, with a maximum measured output voltage of 0.97 V and a 20 dBm single-tone 2.35 GHz signal transmitted 5 cm away from the rectenna.

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GOST |
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GOST Copy
Walsh C. et al. Miniature Integrated 2.4 GHz Rectennas Using Novel Tunnel Diodes // Sensors. 2023. Vol. 23. No. 14. p. 6409.
GOST all authors (up to 50) Copy
Walsh C., Muttlak S. G., Sadeghi M., Missous M. Miniature Integrated 2.4 GHz Rectennas Using Novel Tunnel Diodes // Sensors. 2023. Vol. 23. No. 14. p. 6409.
RIS |
Cite this
RIS Copy
TY - JOUR
DO - 10.3390/s23146409
UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146409
TI - Miniature Integrated 2.4 GHz Rectennas Using Novel Tunnel Diodes
T2 - Sensors
AU - Walsh, Christopher
AU - Muttlak, Saad G.
AU - Sadeghi, Mohammadreza
AU - Missous, Mohamed
PY - 2023
DA - 2023/07/14
PB - MDPI
SP - 6409
IS - 14
VL - 23
SN - 1424-3210
SN - 1424-8220
ER -
BibTex |
Cite this
BibTex (up to 50 authors) Copy
@article{2023_Walsh,
author = {Christopher Walsh and Saad G. Muttlak and Mohammadreza Sadeghi and Mohamed Missous},
title = {Miniature Integrated 2.4 GHz Rectennas Using Novel Tunnel Diodes},
journal = {Sensors},
year = {2023},
volume = {23},
publisher = {MDPI},
month = {jul},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146409},
number = {14},
pages = {6409},
doi = {10.3390/s23146409}
}
MLA
Cite this
MLA Copy
Walsh, Christopher, et al. “Miniature Integrated 2.4 GHz Rectennas Using Novel Tunnel Diodes.” Sensors, vol. 23, no. 14, Jul. 2023, p. 6409. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146409.
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