A machine learning approach for remote sensing data gap-filling with open-source implementation: An example regarding land surface temperature, surface albedo and ndvi
Satellite remote sensing has now become a unique tool for continuous and predictable monitoring of geosystems at various scales, observing the dynamics of different geophysical parameters of the environment. One of the essential problems with most satellite environmental monitoring methods is their sensitivity to atmospheric conditions, in particular cloud cover, which leads to the loss of a significant part of data, especially at high latitudes, potentially reducing the quality of observation time series until it is useless. In this paper, we present a toolbox for filling gaps in remote sensing time-series data based on machine learning algorithms and spatio-temporal statistics. The first implemented procedure allows us to fill gaps based on spatial relationships between pixels, obtained from historical time-series. Then, the second procedure is dedicated to filling the remaining gaps based on the temporal dynamics of each pixel value. The algorithm was tested and verified on Sentinel-3 SLSTR and Terra MODIS land surface temperature data and under different geographical and seasonal conditions. As a result of validation, it was found that in most cases the error did not exceed 1 °C. The algorithm was also verified for gaps restoration in Terra MODIS derived normalized difference vegetation index and land surface broadband albedo datasets. The software implementation is Python-based and distributed under conditions of GNU GPL 3 license via public repository.
Citations by journals
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Remote Sensing
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Sensors
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International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
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International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
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Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
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Journal of Hydroinformatics
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Atmosphere
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Atmosphere
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Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
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Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
1 publication, 3.13%
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Science of the Total Environment
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Science of the Total Environment
1 publication, 3.13%
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ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
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ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
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Urban Climate
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Urban Climate
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IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters
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IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters
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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing
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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing
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Mathematical Problems in Engineering
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Mathematical Problems in Engineering
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Sustainability
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Sustainability
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AIP Conference Proceedings
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Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
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Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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Spatial Information Research
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Spatial Information Research
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AGU Advances
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AGU Advances
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Journal of Cleaner Production
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Journal of Cleaner Production
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
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Elsevier
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Elsevier
7 publications, 21.88%
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IEEE
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IEEE
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Springer Nature
3 publications, 9.38%
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Copernicus
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Copernicus
1 publication, 3.13%
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IWA Publishing
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IWA Publishing
1 publication, 3.13%
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Hindawi Limited
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Hindawi Limited
1 publication, 3.13%
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American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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American Institute of Physics (AIP)
1 publication, 3.13%
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American Geophysical Union
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American Geophysical Union
1 publication, 3.13%
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Wiley
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Wiley
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