volume 02, issue 01

Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Geophagic Clays from Share Area,Northern Bida Sedimentary Basin,Nigeria

Odewumi S.C.
Publication typeJournal Article
Publication date2013-09-21
Shahzad A., Kontakiotis G., Adatte T., Ahmed K.S., Riaz M.T., Janjuhah H.T., Besiou E.
Journal of Earth Science scimago Q1 wos Q1
2024-04-24 citations by CoLab: 5
Olisa O.G., Olajide-Kayode J.O., Adebayo B.O., Ajayi O.A., Odukoya K., Olalemi A.A., Uyakunmor T.D.
2023-06-01 citations by CoLab: 5 Abstract  
This study seeks to determine health risk associated with consumption of clay in different areas in southern Nigeria. Different clay samples sold for consumption were purchased from Mowe, Ikorodu and Onitsha Markets in southern Nigeria. The clays were subjected to mineralogical and geochemical characterization using X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic EmissionSpectrometry. Potential health risk assessment was calculated using a standardized Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Total Hazard Index (THI). XRD and FTIR results revealed the clay contains varying percentage of quartz, kaolinite, anatase, halite, pyrite, goethite, smectite and palygorskite while geochemical analysis result revealed wide range of elemental concentration (ppm). Mean concentration (ppm) of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni and Co from the markets are 5.8 – 8; 17.4 – 29.6; 32.4 – 95.8;111.6 – 103.4; 18.6 – 39.4 and 4 – 16.6 respectively while As was below detection limit in most of the samples. HQ values were used to calculate the THI. THI values for children and adults for Mowe market samples range from 0.9 to 2.1 and 0.5–1.1 respectively, for Ikorodu market samples, THI for children and adult ranges from 1.0- 1.8 and 0.6–1.0 respectively, while THI for children and adults for Onitsha market samples ranges from 1.5 to 2.6 and 0.8–1.84 respectively. In conclusion, children that consume clay from the markets are more exposed to non-carcinogenic risks than adults. It is therefore advisable that the clays should not be consumed for a long period of time to avoid health problems.
Oyetade O.P., Konwea C.I., Ojo O.J., Odesanmi T.M.
Mineralogia scimago Q3 Open Access
2021-01-01 citations by CoLab: 2 Abstract  
Abstract The mineralogical compositions of the Gerinya claystone, Patti Formation, Southern Bida Basin, Nigeria, were investigated to infer their sedimentological process and industrial application. Mineralogical analysis of the claystone was carried out using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The diffractogram peaks aided the identification of the clay and non-clay minerals in the study area. The XRD showed kaolinite as the major clay mineral with compositions ranging from 10.8 - 67.6 wt%. The non-clay minerals were quartz, anatase, diopside, goethite, hematite, rutile, muscovite and micro-cline. Among the non-clay minerals, quartz had the highest percentage mineralogical composition of 21.2 to 83.4 wt%. The mineral assemblage is typical of a hot and humid climate where chemical alteration and hydrolysis of silicate minerals are severe. The sediments are of mafic and felsic crystalline rocks origin. The sediments are of low energy floodplain/interchannel depositional environment. The Gerinya claystone vary from low to high porosity and very low to low permeability. The claystone can be used as clay liners and as raw material for ceramic production. The application of the claystones in fertiliser production will require some processing. The clay-stone can be used for haemorrhage control in the pharmacological/medical sector. Although, the ingestion of the clay-stones could lead to dental damage and possible perforation of the sigmoid colon in the gastrointestinal tract.
Diko-Makia L., Ekosse G.E.
2020-03-11 citations by CoLab: 1 Abstract  
Mineralogy and kaolinite structural order in selected geophagic soils were investigated by X-ray diffraction and infra-red (IR) spectroscopy. Structural order was assessed by empirical analysis of ...

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