From the Pantheon to the Anthropocene: Introducing Resilience in Architectural History

Cresciani M., Forth J.

Resilience, as the ability of a structure to withstand threats and continue to function, is normally related to durability and performance to accepted standards over time. The resilience of a structure can be threatened by poor design, changes in the public's perception of style, the potential for a change in use, and structural attack; catastrophic events such as fire, explosion, or impact are usually considered the main threats for resilience. In the contemporary built environment, resilience is considered increasingly important; it has, in fact, become one of the major design issues, especially for large, iconic or public and prominent structures, which has not always been the case. Following World War II (WWII), building designers faced the necessity to conceive projects within severe financial constraints, hence the proliferation of a low quality and limited life-span structures — buildings that were designed to be replaceable, cheap, and perhaps anonymous. This approach was thought to be an effectiv...

Walker B., Holling C.S., Carpenter S.R., Kinzig A.P.

Holling C.S.

Salman A.S., Hameed T.M.

Abstract The research deals with the concept of sustainable architecture beyond pandemic diseases. As there is a motivation to reduce the number of occupants of buildings and reconsider the space arrangement at the level of corridors and internal and external spaces as well as focus on natural factors such as ventilation and insolation. Also, the death of a group of architects due to Corona virus will motivate them to form an architectural product that is friendly to the natural environment. Thus, the aim of the research was to uncover the interrelationship between flexibility and epidemics and the role of each one to shape a sustainable architectural output. Accordingly, the research problem was to explore the role of Flexibility in Sustainable epidemic-resistant design. The research approach is to clarify the foundations of epidemic-resistant architecture as well as its characteristics and standards by building a knowledge framework, then a comprehensive theoretical framework from architectural literaturetos to be embodied in its final form in three main vocabulary, namely: foundations of epidemic-resistant architecture, characteristics of sustainable flexible architecture, and the standard for social spacing architecture. It has been applied to elected projects to clarify the extent to which these indicators have been achieved and to reach the conclusions, which made clear that flexibility and resisting architectural output is the extent of its ability to survive in the face of disasters and epidemics, and this is an ideal time to rethink how to develop new design standards and address existing structures to achieve the sustainability.

Brauch H.G.

TheBibliometric analysisrapidInterpretationglobalBrauch, Hans Günterspread ofAnthropocene concept in the social sciencestheHumanitiesAnthropoceneAnthropoceneconceptLaw across disciplines, languages, cultures and religions has been extraordinary and is unique in scientific historyScientific history for a basic concept.