Advanced Surface Modification Techniques

Advanced surface modification (ASM) refers to the diverse range of surface treatment processes and techniques used to change the surface properties of materials, thereby enhancing their performance, durability, and functionality for various industrial applications. The surface of materials plays a critical role in determining their overall behaviour and application suitability. This chapter reviews the principles of various ASM techniques, with a focus on laser surface treatment (LST), plasma surface treatment (PST), ion implantation, and electron beam surface treatment (EBST). An overview of the effects of surface modification on mechanical and tribological properties is outlined. The chapter also describes the prospects and challenges of ASM in the aerospace, automotive, and medical fields. Despite the appreciable adoption and application of ASM techniques in various industries, several challenges persist that limit their full potential. It is envisioned that the integration of multiple surface treatments or hybrid surface treatments could provide an opportunity in advancing the development and effective application of ASM techniques. However, the successful application of these techniques is reliant on the understanding of processing parameters in relation to diverse materials as well as challenges innate to each technique.