Ecology

Environmental biology, ecology, soils, environmental management, humic substances, ecosystem services.

Our scientific work is aimed at studying the long-term effects of radiation on biological systems of different levels of organization (molecular cellular, organismal, population and biogeocenotic).

The purpose of the center was the need to minimize the negative impact on the environment from the enterprises of the fuel and energy complex and MSC, to obtain new fundamental and applied knowledge in this area.

The laboratory was established in 2019 as part of the implementation of the national project "Science". The laboratory's work is aimed at solving national goals and geostrategic tasks for the development of the Russian Federation, in particular the Asian part of Russia and the Baikal region.

Study of flora and vegetation of Arctic and mountainous regions; study of biodiversity of plants, fungi, lichens, algae; study of systematics and phylogeny of plants.

The study of the current climate of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, observed and predicted climatic changes, as well as the reflection of these changes in the state of permafrost ecosystems, upper horizons of the cryolithozone, the intensity of biogeochemical cycles and emissions of climatically active gases.

Analysis of the genomic data of tree species. Description of the population structure and mapping of features linked to the quality of wood.

The study of the current state and spatial-temporal dynamics of forests in three-dimensional conditions of the Caucasus mountains.

Microclonal reproduction of rare plant species of the Kaliningrad region and reintroduction, cell and tissue culture in vitro, study of secondary metabolites in in vitro cultures.

Mechanisms of pollutant toxicity and basic biochemical systems in the tissues of marine organisms. Fundamental principles of predictive monitoring of aquatic ecosystems.

Assessment of the state and dynamics of meadow phytocenoses of the Central Caucasus; Classification and inventory of the diversity of types of plant communities of mountainous territories on the example of the North Caucasus.

The Laboratory's activities are aimed at using remote sensing and mathematical modeling methods in order to summarize and interpret all the data that will be collected within the framework of the functioning of this global network in Russia in space and time. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles is actively used.

The Laboratory carries out the fundamental, exploratory and applied scientific research in the field of aquatic and biological resources aimed at obtaining and applying new knowledge to environmental protection and rational nature management. The following investigations are implemented based on the system analysis method: - interdisciplinary (complex) studies of the spatial and temporal organization of aquatic ecosystems (biohydrocenoses) of rivers, reservoirs and lakes in North Asia, mainly the Ob River basin and the Ob-Irtysh interfluve; - study of biodiversity at the cytogenetic, species, biocenotic and ecosystem levels; biological indication of water quality and assessment of the ecological well-being of semi-aquatic water objects; - study of the formation and functioning (structural and functional organization) of aquatic ecosystems influenced by natural and anthropogenic factors; - study of seasonal and long-term dynamics of abiotic factors, taxonomic composition, structure, functioning, stability and evolution of aquatic ecosystems; - assessment of bioproductivity and analysis of a biotic balance of diverse ecosystems of flowing and standing waters. The development of recommendations on environmental monitoring, management of multipurpose use and conservation of water and biological resources of water bodies for the environmentally safe interaction of the society with water bodies is an important work of practical significance.

The Laboratory of Environmental Engineering and Decarbonization Technologies is a structural unit of the NSU Climate Center. The main goal of the laboratory is to implement projects of a full innovation cycle in the field of ecology and sustainable development. Main areas of work: - Remediation and environmental management; - Recycling, recovery and regeneration of waste; - Decarbonization and low-carbon technologies.

Research activities of the laboratory are aimed at comprehensive study, conservation and reproduction of biological resources of ecosystems of the West Caspian region. The main topics of research: soil and plant resources of plain, foothill and mountainous territories of the Republic of Dagestan.

The main activities of the laboratory are the use of high-performance methods of molecular biology to study the mechanisms of adaptation of plant populations to the levels of man-made pollution actually present in the biosphere. - The use of ionizing radiation and high-performance methods of molecular biology to identify genes that affect the yield and stress resistance of cultivated plants. - Study of plant responses to ionizing radiation, heavy metals and pesticides. - Study of the patterns of formation of biological effects of low doses and ionizing radiation capacities. - Development of theoretical foundations and practical methods of bioindication and biotesting of anthropogenic pollution using plants.

Development of technologies for the use of waste and secondary material resources to produce new products using various organisms (bacteria, fungi, insects, microalgae). The use of ecobiotechnology for the reclamation and purification of air, water and soil from various pollutants. Development and evaluation of the properties of biodegradable and compostable materials.

We study the vegetation cover in all its manifestations on a scale from local to global and the factors that determine its development and evolution. We use a whole range of approaches for this: from classical (many geobotanical descriptions - ordination - classification - bioclimatic modeling) to the avant-garde (big data, new computing systems, deep machine learning, neural networks, a lot of Earth remote sensing materials). We try to extract information about the state and development of terrestrial ecosystems from soil samples, age cores, huge sample areas, spectral responses and patterns. Significant results were obtained in the fields of vegetation diversity research, bioclimatic modeling, SDM, reconstruction of tropical cyclone activity based on historical violations of stands, automatic identification of different types of violations and tree species from ultra-high resolution images. Join us.