Max Stern Academic College of Emek Yezreel

Lezama-León E., Lezama-León M.H., Bolaños-Rodríguez E., Chueke G.V.

This chapter of the book explains the role of AI in the optimization of the food supply chain, which have particular characteristics such as their life time that places them as perishable items, likewise, the chapter shows the importance and evolution of studies on this topic, through a documentary research that includes a bibliometric analysis, generating as a result the current outlook and future trends of the application of Artificial Intelligence in supply chains that affect some of the UN sustainable development goals such as zero hunger.

In Mexico, there are 29 native species of the genus Hymenocallis, including H. glauca, which is characterized by a bulb that stores carbohydrates, giving energy for the emergence of foliage and floral scapes; it is the most cultivated species and holds economic value as a potted plant and cut flower (Leszczyñska-Borys and Borys, 2001). In September 2024, a survey was conducted at the Center for Research in Horticulture and Native Plants (18°55'55.6"N 98°24'01.4"W) at UPAEP University, where there was an average temperature of 25 °C and 75% relative humidity (RH) for 10 consecutive days. Approximately 30-day old H. glauca seedlings exhibited symptoms of root and bulb rot in a 0.4 ha area, with a 45% disease incidence. Symptoms included root and bulb rot with constriction at the base of the bulb and the presence of brown mycelia. Symptomatic tissues from 50 seedlings were collected, cut into 5 mm pieces, sterilized with 3% NaClO for a minute, rinsed with sterile distilled water, and placed in Petri dishes with potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Samples were incubated in the dark for six days at 28 °C. An isolate was obtained from each diseased seedling using the hyphal tip method. After six days, the colonies consisted of white mycelium that turned brown with age. Right-angle branching hyphae were observed, with slight constriction at the base of the branches. The hyphae were multinucleate, containing four to nine nuclei per cell. After 15 days, some isolates produced dark brown sclerotia. Based on these morphological characteristics, isolates were tentatively identified as Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (Parmeter, 1970). To confirm the anastomosis group (AG), two isolates (RsHg4 and RsHg8) were selected for molecular identification. Genomic DNA was extracted using the CTAB protocol. The ITS region was amplified and sequenced (White et al. 1990) in both isolates, and the sequences were identical. Thus, only the sequence of isolate RsHg8 was deposited in GenBank (PQ524600). BLAST analysis of the partial ITS sequence (639 bp) showed 99.84% similarity with R. solani AG 2-1 isolate (GenBank: JF792354) (Mercado et al. 2012). Phylogenetic analysis of AGs sequences allowed assignment of the isolate RsHg8 to the AG 2-1 clade. Pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculating 50 30-day old H. glauca seedlings, grown in pots with sterile substrate. A 5 mm diameter PDA plug colonized with mycelium from the RsHg8 isolate was placed on each bulb, 10 mm below the soil surface. For control treatment, a PDA plug without fungal growth was placed on the bulb of 25 seedlings. The inoculated seedlings were incubated in a greenhouse at 28 °C and 90% RH. After six days, inoculated seedlings showed root and bulb rot with constriction at the base of the bulb. No symptoms were observed in controls. Fungus was re-isolated from the inoculated seedlings and characterized both morphologically and molecularly, yielding identical results as described above and identified as R. solani AG 2-1, thereby fulfilling Koch's postulates. Pathogenicity tests were repeated thrice. R. solani AG 2-1 has been reported infecting Allium tuberosum in Hokkaido, Japan (Misawa and Kuninaga, 2013), and Allium cepa in Morrow, Oregon (Patzek et al. 2013). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of R. solani AG 2-1 causing root and bulb rot in H. glauca in Mexico. Data on diseases affecting this plant is scarce, highlighting the importance of this research in developing integrated management strategies and preventing pathogen spread.

ABSTRACTThere are clear signs of the growing use of the internet across all cultures, which generate new behaviors in the virtual environment such as media multitasking, phubbing, and cybergossip, all associated with online risks and less positive modes of socialization. FoMO (Fear of Missing Out) along with virtual emotional experiences could be relevant predictors, where literature suggests that FoMO is a trigger for problematic social media use, and socio‐emotional e‐competencies facilitate adaptive behaviors in virtual environments. Hence, understanding which variables predict these phenomena is crucial and whether they can be generalized across different countries. The objective of this study is to analyze whether two dimensions of socio‐personal development used to interact in virtual environments, FoMO (Fear of Missing Out) and socio‐emotional e‐competencies (e‐COM), are predictors of different cyberbehaviors (cybergossip, phubbing and media multitasking) in university students from two different countries. It also aims to verify if socio‐emotional e‐competencies act as a moderator of this relationship. In order to achieve this, we used a sample of 1524 university students from Mexico and Spain (19.74 years old). The results of the path analysis models show that FoMO is the strongest predictor of the three online behaviors regardless of country and gender, especially in the case of phubbing. In addition, socio‐emotional e‐competencies help to explain the behaviors in a differential way for each country, and the dimension of e‐self‐control of impulsivity plays a moderating role in FoMO in the case of phubbing and media multitasking. Some differences between countries and genders are discussed.

Background: IgG4-related disease is a rare, chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, ‘storiform’ fibrosis, and elevated IgG4 levels in affected tissues. This disease has a broad and heterogeneous clinical spectrum that includes four main phenotypes: pancreatic–hepatobiliary disease, retroperitoneal/aortic fibrosis, head and neck disease, and Mikulicz syndrome. Case Description: An 85-year-old male patient with a clinical presentation, which is unusual outside Asia, of IgG4-related disease phenotype Mikulicz syndrome, characterized by bilateral dacryoadenitis, orbital pseudotumor, and no evidence of significant systemic participation. Despite extensive involvement in the orbital and glandular region, the patient did not develop serious organ complications, a behavior rarely documented in the literature. Despite the serum IgG4 levels being normal (<135 mg/dL), the clinical and radiological picture suggested IgG4-RD, emphasizing the need for a biopsy for a definitive diagnosis. Histopathological examination revealed a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, storiform fibrosis, and more than 40% IgG4-positive cells, confirming the diagnosis. Results: Treatment with prednisone was initiated alongside azathioprine for long-term control. Calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation were added to prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Remarkable clinical improvement was observed within 24 h, with progressive orbital and glandular symptoms resolution. Over a year, the patient exhibited complete resolution of the orbital tumors, total recovery of vision, and no relapses. The only sequelae observed were dry eye. Conclusions: This case highlights the need to consider IgG4-RD with normal serum IgG4 levels, the importance of histopathology for diagnosis, and the efficacy of steroids as first-line treatment. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for timely treatment.

Aluminum presents localized corrosion when exposed to marine and industrial environments. In this research, we study the pitting susceptibility of Al7075 coated by a SiO2 sol–gel coating as a corrosion inhibitor employing the electrochemical noise technique. The analysis methods were power spectral densities (PSDs) in noise impedance (Zn), complaints by wavelet transform, recurrence plots, and Hilbert–Huang study due to the chaotic behavior of the EN signal. To perform the EN, the parameters employed were 2048 data, 1 datum per second in NaCl, and H2SO4 electrolytes at 3.5 wt.% simulating marine and industrial environments. EN tests were performed following ASTM G199. The results showed an increase in the localized corrosion process when SiO2 coating was applied. This is due to the cracking morphology of the coating.

This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review on entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in social entrepreneurship to clarify theoretical boundaries, integrate diverse findings, and identify research gaps. The “Theory–Context–Characteristics–Methodology” (TCCM) framework is adopted to analyze 81 articles on EO in social entrepreneurship. The review reveals that the field remains fragmented due to diverse theoretical and empirical contributions. The study highlights the need for future research to adapt theoretical perspectives to understand EO’s unique and hybrid aspects in social entrepreneurship, expand empirical research into under-represented geographical areas, conduct more longitudinal and qualitative studies to track changes in EO over time, and explore new variables that can further our understanding of EO in social entrepreneurship. The novelty of this study lies in the application of the TCCM framework to systematically analyze the literature on EO in social entrepreneurship. This framework facilitates the organization and evaluation of theoretical underpinnings, methodologies, contexts, and variables to identify relevant research gaps and future directions on the topic.

Aquino V.G., Pacheco J.Y., Córdoba A.C., Huerta K.C., Torres B.T., Guzmán A.S.

The present work compares the electroencephalographic (EEG) signals from 10 healthy subjects (control group) and 10 medicated mental disorder patients while doing a selective attention task. Those disorders are anxiety and comorbidities such as depression, attention deficit disorder, post-traumatic stress, borderline personality disorder, bipolar and eating disorders, among others. The average age of the participants was 23 years old (± 3). The analysis was carried out in the frequency domain, by computing the bandpowers of beta, alpha and theta rhythms. The clinical interpretation of the results is also presented, indicating significant differences in the beta, alpha, and theta brain rhythms of both groups when performing a selective attention task. It is concluded that although both groups solve and learn the task, patients with comorbidities exert a high effort when trying to concentrate and learn an activity.

Montaudon-Tomas C.M., Pinto-López I.N., Ríos-Bernáldez S.N., Amsler A., Muñoz-Ortiz M.

This chapter highlights the proactive stance of a private higher education institution deeply concerned with enhancing the well-being of faculty and staff. The chapter's primary goal is to describe the current organizational climate as reported through an in-depth analysis of the most important variables and the strategies developed to improve the general organizational climate and overall employee experiences in the workplace. The chapter includes a bibliometric analysis that helps understand the value of analyzing topics such as organizational climate in higher education.

Cold welding is typically used for joining and repairing parts in the industry. However, many other epoxy resin-based adhesives have been shown to have a future as sensors or supercapacitors, and this leads us to seek to manipulate their physical properties. For these purposes, commercial cold welding matrix composites with graphite inclusions are proposed to be studied by varying their volume ratio. Thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of the samples were measured by laser flash and thermal relaxation techniques, and capacitance was measured by electrical impedance spectroscopy. These materials are studied to be used as electrolyte medium in the design of double-layer supercapacitors.

Automotive sector is one of the outstanding industries in Mexico and contributes more than 3% of the gross domestic product of the nation. Many critical parts of the vehicle have to be carefully manufactured in order to ensure quality, reliability, and precision. Stainless steels are employed to produce exhaust system in the vehicle; this is due to their high corrosion and high-temperature resistance. Overlap welding is more suitable for exhaust components such as catalytic converters, mufflers, and pipes. The aim of this work is to analyze quality overlap welds of 304 stainless steels plates by means of mechanical testing to achieve an optimize parameters.

Background Endovascular therapy with balloon percutaneous angioplasty (PTA) in the femoro-popliteal segment is frequently performed, however, long-term favorable outcomes and patency remain challenging, with restenosis rates reaching 60% post-standard balloon angioplasty. Drug-coated balloons (DCBs) have shown promise in improving these outcomes; Paclitaxel, used in DCBs, inhibits hyperplasia and smooth muscle cell proliferation, reducing restenosis; however, the optimal dose of Paclitaxel remains unclear, with high-dose (HD-DCB [>3 mg/mm2]) and low-dose (LD-DCB [<2.0 mg/mm2]) options available. This meta-analysis aims to compare the efficacy and safety of HD-DCB and LD-DCB in treating femoropopliteal arterial disease. Methods We followed PRISMA guidelines and conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Scopus, and Mendeley up to May 27, 2024. We included randomized controlled trials and cohort studies comparing HD-DCB and LD-DCB in patients with femoropopliteal arterial disease. Data were extracted on baseline characteristics, outcomes, and study quality. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and ROB2 tool were used for bias assessment. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), limb salvage (LS), freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR), and major amputation. Results Six studies comprising 2563 patients were included. HD-DCB showed a significant benefit in limb salvage at 6 months (RR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.18-0.78, p = .009) but not at 12 months (RR = 3.08, 95% CI = 0.14–67.13, p = .47). No significant difference was observed in overall survival between HD-DCB and LD-DCB at either 6 months (RR = 1.53, 95% CI = 0.25–9.57, p = .65) or 12 months (RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.17–8.84, p = .85). HD-DCB was associated with an increased risk of perioperative complications (RR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.14–3.17, p = .01) and a higher, though not statistically significant, risk of major amputation (RR = 4.73, 95% CI = 0.54–41.52, p = .16). Conclusion HD-DCB may offer advantages in limb salvage over LD-DCB in the short term, but this comes with an increased risk of perioperative complications. These findings underscore the need for careful patient selection when considering HD-DCB for femoropopliteal artery disease.

Cold welding is a technique used to join metals, plastics, and rubbers through chemical adhesives and mechanical bonding. This technique is useful in applications where it is mandatory to maintain the structure and properties of the materials joined or when the materials are susceptible to heat. In this research work, cold welding doped with graphite was evaluated by means of a full factorial experiment, varying the volume fraction of graphite nanopowder from 0 to 0.1% and the exposure times to salty fog from 0 to 14 days according to the standard ASTM B117. The responses of the factorial experiment were the adhesion of the cold welding in rods of aluminum 6061, the Brinell hardness, and the electrical resistivity. It was observed that for the volume fraction concentrations of graphite nanopowder mixed in the cold welding, there was no significant evidence that it affected the mechanical properties measured, however, the resistivity was strongly affected by the presence of graphite nanopowder.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), resulting from external forces, is a leading cause of disability and death, often leading to cognitive deficits that affect attention, concentration, speech and language, learning and memory, reasoning, planning, and problem-solving. Given the diverse mechanisms underlying TBI symptoms, it is essential to characterize its neurophysiological and neuropsychological effects. To address this, we employed weighted coherence (WC) analysis in patients performing the Halstead–Reitan categorization task, alongside a control group of eight healthy individuals. Our findings indicate a significant decrease in WC within the theta and delta bands in the temporal regions during cognitive tasks in the TBI group compared to controls. Additionally, we observed a significant increase in WC in the beta and gamma bands in the parietal region during both rest and cognitive tasks in the TBI group, relative to the control group. Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between WC and task performance scores in the temporal regions.