Nonthermal plasma in the induction of polycondensation processes and intermolecular dehydrochlorination of chloroethanes in the liquid phase

The nonthermal plasma treatment of 1,2‐dichloroethane, 1,1,2‐trichloroethane, and 1,1,2,2‐tetrachloroethane in the liquid phase leads to the formation of unsaturated chlorine derivatives of hydrocarbons, nanostructures, and hydrogen chloride. In the case of nonthermal plasma‐induced elimination of chloroethanes, the main products are: chloroethene from 1,2‐dichloroethane, 1,1‐dichloro‐, 1,2‐dichloroethene from trichloroethane, and trichloro‐ and tetrachlorethylenes from tetrachloroethane. Solid products are presented in the form of nanoscale carbon structures—multilayer nanotubes, carbon fibers, graphene layers, and others. Quantum‐chemical calculations show that the elimination of HCl under the nonthermal plasma treatment on chloroethanes occurs intermolecularly.