Synthesis and Characterization of Conventional and Non-conventional Adsorbent Materials

In this work the characterizationCharacterization of activated carbonActivated carbon (AC) and clinoptilolite-type zeoliteZeolite (ZC) and the fabrication and characterizationCharacterization of hydroxyapatiteHydroxyapatite (HAp), obtained from heat treatment of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) bone at 900 and 600 °C was carried out. CharacterizationCharacterization included density, zero-point charge (PZC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRDX-ray Diffraction (XRD)), and HRSEM-EDS. PZC results indicated values ​​for AC of 2.04, 2.03 and 2.09 and for ZC of 6.20, 6.17 and 6.18 in samples with a particle size of 53, 44 and 37 µm, respectively. HAp showed a PZC value of 7.40 and 7.49 for the samples obtained at 600 and 900 °C, respectively. All materials indicated density values ​​in the range of 1.68–3.23 g/cm3. XRDX-ray Diffraction (XRD) results indicated a mostly amorphous structure for AC adsorbent. The ZC sample indicated the presence of sodium clinoptilolite, quartzQuartz and feldspars. The Hap sample revealed the presence of β-tricalcium phosphate phase. HRSEM micrographs showed significant differences in the morphology, characterized by particles with flat faceted surfaces and a granular structure. The analysis of the results of AC, ZC, and HAp materials revealed important characteristics for their potential use as adsorbents.