Biochimie, volume 214, pages 86-95

Exploring the antibacterial action of gliotoxin: Does it induce oxidative stress or protein damage?

Vasilchenko A. S. ¹

Gurina Elena V. ¹

Drozdov Konstantin ²

VERSHININ Nikita A. ¹

Kravchenko Sergey V. ¹

Vasilchenko Anastasia V. ¹

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Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Ecological and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia |

G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia |

Publication type: Journal Article

Publication date: 2023-11-01

Elsevier

Journal: Biochimie

Quartile SCImago

Quartile WOS

Impact factor: 3.9

ISSN: 03009084, 61831638

DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.06.009

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Biochemistry

General Medicine

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the effects of gliotoxin (GTX), a secondary fungal metabolite belonging to the epipolythiodioxopiperazines class, on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. While the cytotoxic mechanism of GTX on eukaryotes is well understood, its interaction with bacteria is not yet fully comprehended. The study discovered that S. epidermidis displayed a higher uptake rate of GTX than E.coli. However, Gram-negative bacteria required higher doses of GTX than Gram-positive bacteria to experience the bactericidal effect, which occurred within 4 h for both types of bacteria. The treatment of bioluminescent sensor E.coli MG1655 pKatG-lux with GTX resulted in oxidative stress. Pre-incubation with the antioxidant Trolox did not increase the GTX inhibitory dose, however, slightly increased the bacterial growth rate comparing to GTX alone. At the same time, we found that GTX inhibitory dose was significantly increased by the pretreatment of bacteria with 2-mercaptoethanol and reduced glutathione. Using another biosensor, E. coli MG1655 pIpbA-lux, we showed that bacteria treated with GTX exhibited heat shock stress. SDS-page electrophoresis demonstrated protein aggregation under the GTX treatment. In addition, we have found that gliotoxin's action on bacteria was significantly inhibited when zinc salt was added to the growth medium.

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Vasilchenko A. S. et al. Exploring the antibacterial action of gliotoxin: Does it induce oxidative stress or protein damage? // Biochimie. 2023. Vol. 214. pp. 86-95.

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Vasilchenko A. S., Gurina E. V., Drozdov K., VERSHININ N. A., Kravchenko S. V., Vasilchenko A. V. Exploring the antibacterial action of gliotoxin: Does it induce oxidative stress or protein damage? // Biochimie. 2023. Vol. 214. pp. 86-95.

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