Nanoengineering Structures on Graphene with Adsorbed Hydrogen “Lines”

It is shown that the lines of adsorbed hydrogen pair atoms divide a graphene sheet into electronically independent strips and form an electron waveguide or 2H-line graphene-based superlattice (2HG-SL). We investigated the electronic properties of such structures in detail. The electronic spectra of a “zigzag” (n,0)-2HG-SL are similar to those of armchair graphene ribbons and have similar oscillation of the band gap with the width between adjacent 2H-lines (number n). The induced strain with the direction perpendicular to the hydrogen pair “lines” significantly changes the electronic properties of the investigated structures. For example, in the case of the 2HG-SL (3n,0) (n > 2) we observed the semiconductor−metal transition. Superlattices of the (n,n) type with a “staircase” of adsorbed pairs of H atoms are semiconductors with nearly linear decreasing of the band gap with increasing n. We found that the configuration with the opposite spin (antiferromagnetic) orientation between ferromagnetically ordered ...