Energy and Environmental Science, volume 7, issue 3, pages 954
Visible light driven photocatalysis mediated via ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT): an alternative approach to solar activation of titania
Publication type: Journal Article
Publication date: 2014-01-01
Journal:
Energy and Environmental Science
Quartile SCImago
Q1
Quartile WOS
Q1
Impact factor: 32.5
ISSN: 17545692, 17545706
Environmental Chemistry
Pollution
Nuclear Energy and Engineering
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Abstract
Visible light harvesting or utilization through semiconductor photocatalysis is a key technology for solar chemical conversion processes. Although titania nanoparticles are popular as a base material of photocatalysis, the lack of visible light activity needs to be overcome. This mini-review is focused on an uncommon approach to visible light activation of titania: the ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) that takes place between TiO2 nanoparticles and surface adsorbates under visible light irradiation. We discuss a basic concept of photoinduced LMCT and the recent advances in LMCT-mediated visible light photocatalysis which has been applied in environmental remediation and solar energy conversion. Although the LMCT processes have been less investigated and limited in photocatalytic applications compared with other popular visible light activation methods such as impurity doping and dye sensitization, they provide lots of possibilities and flexibility in that a wide variety of organic or inorganic compounds can form surface complexes with TiO2 and introduce a new absorption band in the visible light region. The LMCT complexes may serve as a visible light sensitizer that initiates the photocatalytic conversion of various substrates or the self-degradation of the ligand complexes (usually pollutants) themselves. We summarized and discussed various LMCT photocatalytic systems and their characteristics. The LMCT-mediated activation of titania and other wide bandgap semiconductors has great potential to be developed as a more general method of solar energy utilization in photocatalytic systems. More systematic design and utilization of LMCT complexes on semiconductors are warranted to advance the solar-driven chemical conversion processes.
Top-30
Citations by journals
|
5
10
15
20
25
|
|
|
Applied Catalysis B: Environmental
23 publications, 6.05%
|
|
|
RSC Advances
16 publications, 4.21%
|
|
|
Chemical Engineering Journal
15 publications, 3.95%
|
|
|
Applied Surface Science
11 publications, 2.89%
|
|
|
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
9 publications, 2.37%
|
|
|
Journal of Physical Chemistry C
8 publications, 2.11%
|
|
|
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
8 publications, 2.11%
|
|
|
Separation and Purification Technology
8 publications, 2.11%
|
|
|
Chemical Communications
8 publications, 2.11%
|
|
|
Journal of Hazardous Materials
7 publications, 1.84%
|
|
|
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
7 publications, 1.84%
|
|
|
ACS Catalysis
6 publications, 1.58%
|
|
|
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
6 publications, 1.58%
|
|
|
ACS applied materials & interfaces
5 publications, 1.32%
|
|
|
Chemistry - A European Journal
5 publications, 1.32%
|
|
|
Langmuir
5 publications, 1.32%
|
|
|
Nanoscale
5 publications, 1.32%
|
|
|
Green Chemistry
5 publications, 1.32%
|
|
|
Catalysts
4 publications, 1.05%
|
|
|
Environmental Science and Pollution Research
4 publications, 1.05%
|
|
|
Chinese Chemical Letters
4 publications, 1.05%
|
|
|
Molecular Catalysis
4 publications, 1.05%
|
|
|
Journal of Molecular Structure
4 publications, 1.05%
|
|
|
Journal of Alloys and Compounds
4 publications, 1.05%
|
|
|
Water Research
4 publications, 1.05%
|
|
|
Dalton Transactions
4 publications, 1.05%
|
|
|
Sustainable Energy and Fuels
4 publications, 1.05%
|
|
|
Catalysis Science and Technology
4 publications, 1.05%
|
|
|
Inorganic Chemistry
3 publications, 0.79%
|
|
|
5
10
15
20
25
|
Citations by publishers
|
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
|
|
|
Elsevier
175 publications, 46.05%
|
|
|
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
76 publications, 20%
|
|
|
American Chemical Society (ACS)
49 publications, 12.89%
|
|
|
Wiley
32 publications, 8.42%
|
|
|
Springer Nature
20 publications, 5.26%
|
|
|
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
11 publications, 2.89%
|
|
|
Taylor & Francis
3 publications, 0.79%
|
|
|
IOP Publishing
2 publications, 0.53%
|
|
|
Hindawi Limited
2 publications, 0.53%
|
|
|
Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
1 publication, 0.26%
|
|
|
World Scientific
1 publication, 0.26%
|
|
|
Sociedad Espanola de Ceramica y Vidrio
1 publication, 0.26%
|
|
|
King Saud University
1 publication, 0.26%
|
|
|
Pleiades Publishing
1 publication, 0.26%
|
|
|
Autonomous Non-profit Organization Editorial Board of the journal Uspekhi Khimii
1 publication, 0.26%
|
|
|
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
|
- We do not take into account publications without a DOI.
- Statistics recalculated only for publications connected to researchers, organizations and labs registered on the platform.
- Statistics recalculated weekly.
{"yearsCitations":{"type":"bar","data":{"show":true,"labels":[2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025],"ids":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"codes":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"imageUrls":["","","","","","","","","","","",""],"datasets":[{"label":"Citations number","data":[1,35,30,29,41,39,42,40,52,36,31,4],"backgroundColor":["#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6"],"percentage":["0.26","9.21","7.89","7.63","10.79","10.26","11.05","10.53","13.68","9.47","8.16","1.05"],"barThickness":null}]},"options":{"indexAxis":"x","maintainAspectRatio":true,"scales":{"y":{"ticks":{"precision":0,"autoSkip":false,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"},"stacked":false},"x":{"ticks":{"stepSize":1,"precision":0,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"},"stacked":false}},"plugins":{"legend":{"position":"top","labels":{"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}},"title":{"display":true,"text":"Citations per year","font":{"size":24,"family":"Montserrat","weight":600},"color":"#000000"}}}},"journals":{"type":"bar","data":{"show":true,"labels":["Applied Catalysis B: Environmental","RSC Advances","Chemical Engineering Journal","Applied Surface Science","Journal of Materials Chemistry A","Journal of Physical Chemistry C","Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","Separation and Purification Technology","Chemical Communications","Journal of Hazardous Materials","Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects","ACS Catalysis","Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics","ACS applied materials & interfaces","Chemistry - A European Journal","Langmuir","Nanoscale","Green Chemistry","Catalysts","Environmental Science and Pollution Research","Chinese Chemical Letters","Molecular Catalysis","Journal of Molecular Structure","Journal of Alloys and Compounds","Water Research","Dalton Transactions","Sustainable Energy and Fuels","Catalysis Science and Technology","Inorganic Chemistry"],"ids":[18270,3100,16275,12539,14919,8859,24202,21492,9073,23695,21908,4873,1773,1458,24708,19601,228,1017,3739,25174,20341,4906,9347,4015,15091,8473,14712,2605,24714],"codes":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"imageUrls":["\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/leiAYcRDGTSl5B1eCnwpSGqmDEUEfDPPoYisFGhT_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/leiAYcRDGTSl5B1eCnwpSGqmDEUEfDPPoYisFGhT_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/iLiQsFqFaSEx6chlGQ5fbAwF6VYU3WWa08hkss0g_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/leiAYcRDGTSl5B1eCnwpSGqmDEUEfDPPoYisFGhT_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/iLiQsFqFaSEx6chlGQ5fbAwF6VYU3WWa08hkss0g_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/leiAYcRDGTSl5B1eCnwpSGqmDEUEfDPPoYisFGhT_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/iLiQsFqFaSEx6chlGQ5fbAwF6VYU3WWa08hkss0g_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/bRyGpdm98BkAUYiK1YFNpl5Z7hPu6Gd87gbIeuG3_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/iLiQsFqFaSEx6chlGQ5fbAwF6VYU3WWa08hkss0g_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/leiAYcRDGTSl5B1eCnwpSGqmDEUEfDPPoYisFGhT_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/leiAYcRDGTSl5B1eCnwpSGqmDEUEfDPPoYisFGhT_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/MjH1ITP7lMYGxeqUZfkt2BnVLgjkk413jwBV97XX_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/voXLqlsvTwv5p3iMQ8Dhs95nqB4AXOG7Taj7G4ra_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/leiAYcRDGTSl5B1eCnwpSGqmDEUEfDPPoYisFGhT_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/leiAYcRDGTSl5B1eCnwpSGqmDEUEfDPPoYisFGhT_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/leiAYcRDGTSl5B1eCnwpSGqmDEUEfDPPoYisFGhT_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/iLiQsFqFaSEx6chlGQ5fbAwF6VYU3WWa08hkss0g_medium.webp"],"datasets":[{"label":"","data":[23,16,15,11,9,8,8,8,8,7,7,6,6,5,5,5,5,5,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,3],"backgroundColor":["#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6"],"percentage":[6.05,4.21,3.95,2.89,2.37,2.11,2.11,2.11,2.11,1.84,1.84,1.58,1.58,1.32,1.32,1.32,1.32,1.32,1.05,1.05,1.05,1.05,1.05,1.05,1.05,1.05,1.05,1.05,0.79],"barThickness":13}]},"options":{"indexAxis":"y","maintainAspectRatio":false,"scales":{"y":{"ticks":{"precision":0,"autoSkip":false,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"},"stacked":false},"x":{"ticks":{"stepSize":null,"precision":0,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"},"stacked":false}},"plugins":{"legend":{"position":"top","labels":{"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}},"title":{"display":true,"text":"Journals","font":{"size":24,"family":"Montserrat","weight":600},"color":"#000000"}}}},"publishers":{"type":"bar","data":{"show":true,"labels":["Elsevier","Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)","American Chemical Society (ACS)","Wiley","Springer Nature","Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)","Taylor & Francis","IOP Publishing","Hindawi Limited","Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)","World Scientific","Sociedad Espanola de Ceramica y Vidrio","King Saud University","Pleiades Publishing","Autonomous Non-profit Organization Editorial Board of the journal Uspekhi Khimii"],"ids":[17,123,40,11,8,202,18,2075,6921,117,23,4361,171,101,9422],"codes":[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"imageUrls":["\/storage\/images\/resized\/GDnYOu1UpMMfMMRV6Aqle4H0YLLsraeD9IP9qScG_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/leiAYcRDGTSl5B1eCnwpSGqmDEUEfDPPoYisFGhT_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/iLiQsFqFaSEx6chlGQ5fbAwF6VYU3WWa08hkss0g_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/bRyGpdm98BkAUYiK1YFNpl5Z7hPu6Gd87gbIeuG3_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/voXLqlsvTwv5p3iMQ8Dhs95nqB4AXOG7Taj7G4ra_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/MjH1ITP7lMYGxeqUZfkt2BnVLgjkk413jwBV97XX_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/5YZtvLvkPZuc2JHOaZsjCvGSHFCuC3drUwN3YAc5_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/LsKy6OnmmmRGcAU6CZgWQvNiP1polbaSLNrN7zqj_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/hqfzhQAjTGlNSRs6yzFNITgjSMm9Jr2QuotJHIvE_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/aK6yGjkv01aMMh16lIwFe0Z7wTx4ksfzsYuogiOY_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/jZQkhOOcY9wrGwZm7XGRwMe8H7fThQu3KamISuun_medium.webp","","\/storage\/images\/resized\/9z7b0TQJNgUxZHYXLrTmbnjJn9y5iq56Wxtqb1Lv_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/oZgeErrVFhuDksyqFURLvYS1wtVSBWczh001igGo_medium.webp","\/storage\/images\/resized\/9Mus3KG1Tkd7Bwaurt8H3RwWh0CxRlGoO6ng9UK1_medium.webp"],"datasets":[{"label":"","data":[175,76,49,32,20,11,3,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1],"backgroundColor":["#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6","#3B82F6"],"percentage":[46.05,20,12.89,8.42,5.26,2.89,0.79,0.53,0.53,0.26,0.26,0.26,0.26,0.26,0.26],"barThickness":13}]},"options":{"indexAxis":"y","maintainAspectRatio":false,"scales":{"y":{"ticks":{"precision":0,"autoSkip":false,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"},"stacked":false},"x":{"ticks":{"stepSize":null,"precision":0,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"},"stacked":false}},"plugins":{"legend":{"position":"top","labels":{"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}},"title":{"display":true,"text":"Publishers","font":{"size":24,"family":"Montserrat","weight":600},"color":"#000000"}}}},"yearsCitationsQuartiles":{"type":"bar","data":{"show":true,"labels":[2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025],"ids":[],"codes":[],"imageUrls":[],"datasets":[{"label":"Q4","backgroundColor":"rgb(221,90,78)","data":[0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],"percentage":["0","0.26","0","0","0","0","0","0","0","0","0","0"]},{"label":"Q3","backgroundColor":"rgb(251, 163,83)","data":[0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,2,0,0,0],"percentage":["0","0","0","0","0.26","0","0.26","0","0.53","0","0","0"]},{"label":"Q2","backgroundColor":"rgb(232, 213, 89)","data":[0,10,4,5,8,10,8,9,8,6,4,0],"percentage":["0","2.63","1.05","1.32","2.11","2.63","2.11","2.37","2.11","1.58","1.05","0"]},{"label":"Q1","backgroundColor":"rgb(164, 207, 99)","data":[1,23,26,23,32,28,32,29,38,28,27,4],"percentage":["0.26","6.05","6.84","6.05","8.42","7.37","8.42","7.63","10","7.37","7.11","1.05"]},{"label":"Quartile not defined","backgroundColor":"#E5E7EB","data":[0,1,0,1,0,1,1,2,4,2,0,0],"percentage":["0","0.26","0","0.26","0","0.26","0.26","0.53","1.05","0.53","0","0"]}]},"options":{"indexAxis":"x","maintainAspectRatio":true,"scales":{"y":{"ticks":{"precision":0,"autoSkip":false,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"},"stacked":true},"x":{"ticks":{"stepSize":1,"precision":0,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"},"stacked":true}},"plugins":{"legend":{"position":"top","labels":{"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}},"title":{"display":true,"text":"Citations quartiles by SCImago per year","font":{"size":24,"family":"Montserrat","weight":600},"color":"#000000"}}}},"yearsCitationsQuartilesWs":{"type":"bar","data":{"show":true,"labels":[2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025],"ids":[],"codes":[],"imageUrls":[],"datasets":[{"label":"Q4","backgroundColor":"rgb(221,90,78)","data":[0,1,0,0,1,0,2,1,1,0,0,0],"percentage":["0","0.26","0","0","0.26","0","0.53","0.26","0.26","0","0","0"]},{"label":"Q3","backgroundColor":"rgb(251, 163,83)","data":[0,0,0,1,3,2,1,0,2,2,0,0],"percentage":["0","0","0","0.26","0.79","0.53","0.26","0","0.53","0.53","0","0"]},{"label":"Q2","backgroundColor":"rgb(232, 213, 89)","data":[1,14,12,8,15,13,11,16,17,9,7,0],"percentage":["0.26","3.68","3.16","2.11","3.95","3.42","2.89","4.21","4.47","2.37","1.84","0"]},{"label":"Q1","backgroundColor":"rgb(164, 207, 99)","data":[0,19,18,19,22,23,27,21,27,22,23,4],"percentage":["0","5","4.74","5","5.79","6.05","7.11","5.53","7.11","5.79","6.05","1.05"]},{"label":"Quartile not defined","backgroundColor":"#E5E7EB","data":[0,1,0,1,0,1,1,2,5,3,1,0],"percentage":["0","0.26","0","0.26","0","0.26","0.26","0.53","1.32","0.79","0.26","0"]}]},"options":{"indexAxis":"x","maintainAspectRatio":true,"scales":{"y":{"ticks":{"precision":0,"autoSkip":false,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"},"stacked":true},"x":{"ticks":{"stepSize":1,"precision":0,"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"},"stacked":true}},"plugins":{"legend":{"position":"top","labels":{"font":{"family":"Montserrat"},"color":"#000000"}},"title":{"display":true,"text":"Citations quartiles by WoS per year","font":{"size":24,"family":"Montserrat","weight":600},"color":"#000000"}}}}}
Are you a researcher?
Create a profile to get free access to personal recommendations for colleagues and new articles.
Metrics
Cite this
GOST |
RIS |
BibTex |
MLA
Cite this
GOST
Copy
Zhang G., Kim G., Choi W. Visible light driven photocatalysis mediated via ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT): an alternative approach to solar activation of titania // Energy and Environmental Science. 2014. Vol. 7. No. 3. p. 954.
GOST all authors (up to 50)
Copy
Zhang G., Kim G., Choi W. Visible light driven photocatalysis mediated via ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT): an alternative approach to solar activation of titania // Energy and Environmental Science. 2014. Vol. 7. No. 3. p. 954.
Cite this
RIS
Copy
TY - JOUR
DO - 10.1039/c3ee43147a
UR - https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee43147a
TI - Visible light driven photocatalysis mediated via ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT): an alternative approach to solar activation of titania
T2 - Energy and Environmental Science
AU - Kim, Gonu
AU - Zhang, Guan
AU - Choi, Wonyong
PY - 2014
DA - 2014/01/01 00:00:00
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
SP - 954
IS - 3
VL - 7
SN - 1754-5692
SN - 1754-5706
ER -
Cite this
BibTex
Copy
@article{2014_Zhang,
author = {Gonu Kim and Guan Zhang and Wonyong Choi},
title = {Visible light driven photocatalysis mediated via ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT): an alternative approach to solar activation of titania},
journal = {Energy and Environmental Science},
year = {2014},
volume = {7},
publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)},
month = {jan},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee43147a},
number = {3},
pages = {954},
doi = {10.1039/c3ee43147a}
}
Cite this
MLA
Copy
Zhang, Guan, et al. “Visible light driven photocatalysis mediated via ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT): an alternative approach to solar activation of titania.” Energy and Environmental Science, vol. 7, no. 3, Jan. 2014, p. 954. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee43147a.