Association of Dye Molecules and Its Spectroscopic Manifestation

Theoretical data for the influence of the association of the molecules of complex organic compounds (dyes) in solutions on their electronic spectra and other optical characteristics are examined and surveyed. The conditions for the formation of associated species and the influence of solvents, concentration, and temperature on this process are described. Methods for the determination of the association constants and the structure and compositions of the associated molecules are examined. The results of studies undertaken to investigate the luminescent associated dye species, their triplet states, and pathways leading to the deactivation of the electronic excitation are described. The nature of the forces which lead to the binding of the dye molecules in associated species is discussed and studies on the concentration-induced quenching of the luminescence of dye solutions are analysed. The bibliography includes 197 references.