Biochemistry (Moscow), volume 86, issue 10, pages 1352-1367

Effect of Caloric Restriction on Aging: Fixing the Problems of Nutrient Sensing in Postmitotic Cells?

Publication typeJournal Article
Publication date2021-10-20
Quartile SCImago
Q2
Quartile WOS
Q3
Impact factor2.8
ISSN00062979, 16083040
Biochemistry
General Medicine
Abstract
Abstract The review discusses the role of metabolic disorders (in particular, insulin resistance) in the development of age-related diseases and normal aging with special emphasis on the changes in postmitotic cells of higher organisms. Caloric restriction helps to prevent such metabolic disorders, which could probably explain its ability to prolong the lifespan of laboratory animals. Maintaining metabolic homeostasis is especially important for the highly differentiated long-lived body cells, whose lifespan is comparable to the lifespan of the organism itself. Normal functioning of these cells can be ensured only upon correct functioning of the cytoplasm clean-up system and availability of all required nutrients and energy sources. One of the central problems in gerontology is the age-related disruption of glucose metabolism leading to obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and other related pathologies. Along with the adipose tissue, skeletal muscles are the main consumers of insulin; hence the physical activity of muscles, which supports their energy metabolism, delays the onset of insulin resistance. Insulin resistance disrupts the metabolism of cardiomyocytes, so that they fail to utilize the nutrients to perform their functions even being surrounded by a nutrient-rich environment, which contributes to the development of age-related cardiovascular diseases. Metabolic pathologies also alter the nutrient sensitivity of neurons, thus disrupting the action of insulin in the central nervous system. In addition, there is evidence that neurons can develop insulin resistance as well. It has been suggested that affecting nutritional sensors (e.g., AMPK) in postmitotic cells might improve the state of the entire multicellular organism, slow down its aging, and increase the lifespan.

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Morgunova G. V., Shilovsky G. A., Khokhlov A. N. Effect of Caloric Restriction on Aging: Fixing the Problems of Nutrient Sensing in Postmitotic Cells? // Biochemistry (Moscow). 2021. Vol. 86. No. 10. pp. 1352-1367.
GOST all authors (up to 50) Copy
Morgunova G. V., Shilovsky G. A., Khokhlov A. N. Effect of Caloric Restriction on Aging: Fixing the Problems of Nutrient Sensing in Postmitotic Cells? // Biochemistry (Moscow). 2021. Vol. 86. No. 10. pp. 1352-1367.
RIS |
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RIS Copy
TY - JOUR
DO - 10.1134/S0006297921100151
UR - https://doi.org/10.1134%2FS0006297921100151
TI - Effect of Caloric Restriction on Aging: Fixing the Problems of Nutrient Sensing in Postmitotic Cells?
T2 - Biochemistry (Moscow)
AU - Morgunova, Galina V
AU - Shilovsky, Gregory A.
AU - Khokhlov, Alexander N
PY - 2021
DA - 2021/10/20 00:00:00
PB - Pleiades Publishing
SP - 1352-1367
IS - 10
VL - 86
SN - 0006-2979
SN - 1608-3040
ER -
BibTex |
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BibTex Copy
@article{2021_Morgunova
author = {Galina V Morgunova and Gregory A. Shilovsky and Alexander N Khokhlov},
title = {Effect of Caloric Restriction on Aging: Fixing the Problems of Nutrient Sensing in Postmitotic Cells?},
journal = {Biochemistry (Moscow)},
year = {2021},
volume = {86},
publisher = {Pleiades Publishing},
month = {oct},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1134%2FS0006297921100151},
number = {10},
pages = {1352--1367},
doi = {10.1134/S0006297921100151}
}
MLA
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MLA Copy
Morgunova, Galina V., et al. “Effect of Caloric Restriction on Aging: Fixing the Problems of Nutrient Sensing in Postmitotic Cells?.” Biochemistry (Moscow), vol. 86, no. 10, Oct. 2021, pp. 1352-1367. https://doi.org/10.1134%2FS0006297921100151.
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