A Study of the Catalytic Properties of Synthetic Aluminosilicates of Different Morphologies in Cracking Reactions of the Byproducts of Isoprene Synthesis

The catalytic activity of synthetic samples of aluminosilicates of various morphologies and chemical compositions in a cascade of reactions that are byproducts (BPs) in the decomposition process of 4,4‑dimethyl-1,3-dioxane is studied. Aluminosilicates with montmorillonite structures (Na_0.2Al_1.8Mg_0.2Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂⋅nH₂O, Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂⋅nH₂O), and kaolinite (Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄) with the spherical and platy morphologies of particles, as well as their porous-textural characteristics and surface properties, are studied. It is shown that the specific surface area of the studied samples, depending on the composition, varies from 11 to 470 m²/g, and the content of aluminum oxide in the samples ranged from 0 to 24 wt %. It is found that layered silicates with a montmorillonite structure contribute to reducing the gasification of organic raw materials and increasing the yield of isoprene. Kaolinite with a spherical morphology of particles increases the yield of formaldehyde, and with a platy morphology of particles, it increases the degree of decomposition of heteroatomic and cyclic compounds.