Composite Materials Based on Polyvinylpyrrolidone and Calcium Phosphates for Medicine

Abstract Mineral-polymer composites based on PVP and hydroxyapatite (HA) are obtained by in situ deposition in solutions of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The composites are presented in the form of films of hydrogels. During the in situ formation of HA, according to TEM data, round particles up to 10 nm in size are formed. For HA particles, the CSR values ​​are close to the size of crystals obtained from the TEM data, and for the PVP–HA composites, the particle size obtained from the TEM data significantly exceeds the CSR value. The swelling of the obtained films is studied by the gravimetric method: the swelling curve of the mineral-polymer film containing 1.96% HA has a form characteristic of the swelling of hydrogels. Biological studies of polymers and composites of polymers with HA deposited in situ have shown that by-products of the HA formation reaction have a negative effect on cell viability. However, the obtained materials are promising for use as membranes in osteoplastic surgery.