Signs of Similarities and Differences in Cellular Models of Aging: A Scoping Review

Despite the great interest of scientists in the question of what cell aging is and the long history of its study, there are still many contradictions in this area. They arise because several different approaches to modeling aging in vitro have been developed. As a result, even different terms arose: cell senescence and cell aging. There are not only differences between models for studying aging at the cellular level; they also have common features. Moreover, it is now becoming apparent that some models complement others. This is evidenced, in particular, by the fact that biomarkers used in one model are suitable for use in another model (aging-associated β-galactosidase, lipofuscin, etc.). The approaches to studying cellular aging developed unevenly, and currently studies on this topic are experiencing another rise due to the prospects for the use of senolytics (drugs that selectively eliminate “senescent” cells) to increase the lifespan of multicellular organisms. This review considers the pros and cons of various models for studying aging on cultured cells of various nature.