Open Access
Energies, volume 15, issue 15, pages 5639
Feasibility of Thermal Utilization of Primary and Secondary Sludge from a Biological Wastewater Treatment Plant in Kaliningrad City
Kulikova Yuliya
1
,
Babich Olga
1
,
Tsybina Anna
2
,
Sukhikh Stanislav
1
,
Mokrushin Ivan G
3
,
Noskova Svetlana
1
,
Orlov Nikolaj
1
1
Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant BFU, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
|
Publication type: Journal Article
Publication date: 2022-08-03
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Building and Construction
Control and Optimization
Engineering (miscellaneous)
Energy (miscellaneous)
Abstract
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of sewage sludge is considered in the article as an analogue of the natural processes of oil formation (catagenesis). A comparison of the physicochemical composition of primary and secondary sludge with type II kerogen (natural precursor of oil) showed their similarity. Both types of sludge have a slightly higher level of oxygen and nitrogen. The study tested the hypothesis that the elements included in the inorganic part of the oil source rocks can have a catalytic effect on the oil formation processes. For the conducted studies of sludge HTL, the catalysts containing cations and substances found in oil source rocks were chosen: as homogeneous catalysts (KOH, NaOH, NH4Fe(SO4)2, CoCl6, NiSO4, CuSO4, ZnSO4, MoO3) and as heterogeneous catalysts (MgO, Zeolite, Al2O3). The effectiveness of catalysts containing metal ions, zeolite and aluminum oxide has been proven. The highest biocrude yield was achieved in a process with NiSO4 as the catalyst in a dose 2 g per 10 g of sludge: oil yield increased by 34.9% and 63.4% in the processing of primary and secondary sludge, respectively. The use of catalysts provided an increase in fuel HHV by 10.8–12.5%, which is associated with a decrease in oxygen content (by 10.8–43.2%) with a simultaneous increase in carbon (by 7.9–10.9%) and hydrogen (by 6.5–18.7%) content.
Citations by journals
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1
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Sustainability
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Sustainability
1 publication, 25%
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Fuel
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Fuel
1 publication, 25%
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Heliyon
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Heliyon
1 publication, 25%
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Ecology and Industry of Russia
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Ecology and Industry of Russia, 1, 25%
Ecology and Industry of Russia
1 publication, 25%
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1
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Citations by publishers
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1
2
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Elsevier
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Elsevier
2 publications, 50%
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
1 publication, 25%
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Kalvis
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Kalvis, 1, 25%
Kalvis
1 publication, 25%
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1
2
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- We do not take into account publications that without a DOI.
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- Statistics recalculated weekly.
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Kulikova Y. et al. Feasibility of Thermal Utilization of Primary and Secondary Sludge from a Biological Wastewater Treatment Plant in Kaliningrad City // Energies. 2022. Vol. 15. No. 15. p. 5639.
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Kulikova Y., Babich O., Tsybina A., Sukhikh S., Mokrushin I. G., Noskova S., Orlov N. Feasibility of Thermal Utilization of Primary and Secondary Sludge from a Biological Wastewater Treatment Plant in Kaliningrad City // Energies. 2022. Vol. 15. No. 15. p. 5639.
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TY - JOUR
DO - 10.3390/en15155639
UR - https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fen15155639
TI - Feasibility of Thermal Utilization of Primary and Secondary Sludge from a Biological Wastewater Treatment Plant in Kaliningrad City
T2 - Energies
AU - Tsybina, Anna
AU - Noskova, Svetlana
AU - Orlov, Nikolaj
AU - Sukhikh, Stanislav
AU - Kulikova, Yuliya
AU - Babich, Olga
AU - Mokrushin, Ivan G
PY - 2022
DA - 2022/08/03 00:00:00
PB - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
SP - 5639
IS - 15
VL - 15
SN - 1996-1073
ER -
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@article{2022_Kulikova,
author = {Anna Tsybina and Svetlana Noskova and Nikolaj Orlov and Stanislav Sukhikh and Yuliya Kulikova and Olga Babich and Ivan G Mokrushin},
title = {Feasibility of Thermal Utilization of Primary and Secondary Sludge from a Biological Wastewater Treatment Plant in Kaliningrad City},
journal = {Energies},
year = {2022},
volume = {15},
publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},
month = {aug},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fen15155639},
number = {15},
pages = {5639},
doi = {10.3390/en15155639}
}
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MLA
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Kulikova, Yuliya, et al. “Feasibility of Thermal Utilization of Primary and Secondary Sludge from a Biological Wastewater Treatment Plant in Kaliningrad City.” Energies, vol. 15, no. 15, Aug. 2022, p. 5639. https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fen15155639.