Laboratory for the study of magnetic properties

Magnetorheological materials include magnetic fluids and elastomers. Such materials consist of finely dispersed magnetic particles distributed in an elastic or liquid medium. In an external magnetic field, such materials exhibit unique properties, such as a change in the viscosity of a magnetic liquid or a change in the elasticity of a magnetic elastomer. The ability to control the mechanical behavior of elastomers, as well as the properties of elastomers and liquids using a magnetic field makes these materials promising for the development of manipulators, dampers, and energy converters. These materials are also promising in biomedicine. Magnetic fluids are increasingly being investigated for the possibility of their use in cancer treatment (diagnosis, targeted drug delivery, hyperthermia). Magnetic elastomers based on biocompatible polymers can be used in surgical equipment (for example, for the "fingers" of the da Vinci robot). Based on magnetic elastomers, it is possible to develop new types of materials with magnetoelectric transformation for the conversion and utilization of energy from electromagnetic and mechanical vibrations.

Magnetic nanoparticles and various polymer structures based on them are of great practical and theoretical interest. The laboratory conducts research on the influence of the environment and manufacturing methods on the magnetic properties of metal and oxide nanoparticles. Nanoparticles can be used to make magnetic liquids and elastomers.

One of the main areas of scientific research in the laboratory is the study of undiluted magnetic semiconductors as promising magnetic materials for spintronics. The temperature dependences of the magnetic properties of semiconductors are investigated in order to increase the magnetic properties at room temperature.

One of the important parameters of magnetically soft alloys in practical applications is the characteristic of the amount of energy loss during their magnetization reversal in alternating magnetic fields. This value is directly related to the domain structure and the distribution of magnetic properties of the material in the volume. To date, there are no experimental methods that make it possible to obtain information about such a distribution. As a rule, the information obtained characterizes either the integral properties of the sample or the distribution of magnetic properties over a volume without localization in space. Work in this field is aimed at developing a method for constructing a spatial distribution of magnetic properties in a sample volume and studying the dependence of the parameters of such a distribution on external and internal factors. The relevance of the research stems from the need to develop energy-saving technologies, in particular, in power supply systems and for new electric machines.

The magnetoelectric effect is the appearance of a surface potential difference when a structure is placed in an external magnetic field due to the interaction of the magnetostriction of the magnetic component and the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric component of the sample. The laboratory conducts research on the frequency characteristics of the magnetoelectric interaction and field dependencies. The characteristics of magnetic and piezoelectric properties are measured in order to obtain the most effective interaction. Such structures can be used as measuring elements for sensors of alternating and permanent magnetic fields, autonomous energy sources, magnetic recording heads, as well as various microelectronics devices. Research is also underway on new materials with a magnetoelectric effect based on magnetodeformation (see "Magnetorheological materials") and piezoelectric polymers. Such materials can have significantly large deformations and can be used in new devices of systems with "smart" properties.

The new energy paradigm is to increase the use of renewable energy sources and increase attention to energy efficiency in the overall energy balance of the life cycle. This paradigm has accelerated research in the field of energy-saving technologies and spurred the development of new functional materials that form the basis of new energy-saving technologies. Among the new functional materials, magnetic materials play a crucial role in improving the efficiency and performance of devices for generating and converting electricity, and they are also extremely important for other sectors of the economy that consume large amounts of energy. Within the framework of this new energy paradigm, the main attention of researchers around the world is focused on the development of new, resource-saving, highly efficient magnetic materials for both instrumentation and energy generation and conversion devices. These materials should replace their less efficient and more expensive counterparts in the near future. The relevance of the project is driven by the demand for high-energy magnets, which is steadily growing, and has recently been further supported by the proliferation of wind turbines and hybrid/electric vehicles. However, the search for replacement materials requires the creation and study of new approaches for the formation of extreme magnetic properties.