Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg

Visual gaze pattern (VGP) analysis quantifies endoscopists' specific eye movements. VGP during colonoscopy may be associated with polyp detection. However, the optimal VGP to maximize detection performance remains unclear. This study evaluated the optimal endoscopic VGP that enabled the highest colorectal adenoma detection.

While photothermoelectric (PTE) sensor sheets are potentially suitable for testing applications, such as nondestructive material identifications in ultrabroad millimeter‐wave infrared bands, their device designs have primarily employed a single‐material channel. Herein, PTE sensor sheets generally combine photoinduced heating with associated thermoelectric (TE) conversion phenomena, and the employment of a single‐material channel regulates device operations by missing opportunities for fully utilizing their fundamental parameters. For this situation, this work develops all‐solution‐processable and freely coatable (paintable) hybrid PTE sensors by an effective combination of the channel structure with bismuth composite (Bicom) TE electrodes (Seebeck coefficient > 100 μV K−1) and efficient carbon nanotube film photothermal absorbers. This hybrid PTE sensor device stably forms its TE electrodes as easy‐to‐handle pastes of Bicom material powders with high Seebeck coefficients by effectively employing conductive solvents and surfactants. Following these material and process preparations, the hybrid PTE sensor functions in ultrabroadband regions beyond the conventional detectors with comparable sensitivities to the existing narrowband devices in individual ranges and provides diverse optical measurement opportunities. Indeed, the easy‐to‐handle device fabrication process and advantageous photodetection performances of the hybrid PTE sensor demonstrate high usability for nondestructive testing applications (noncontact inspections, panoramic 3D camera monitoring, and portable device setups).

The static mechanical properties of high-strength aluminum alloy and self-piercing rivet (SPR) joints were investigated through coupon tensile tests and tensile shear tests across a temperature range from − 50 to 300 °C. The study focused on 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, which was used as the substrate for both the coupon tensile and SPR specimens. The results demonstrated that the strength variation of SPR joints at different temperatures is intrinsically linked to the properties of the substrate material. Based on these findings, a high-temperature design code for 6061-T6 SPR joints was developed, which offers a practical framework for evaluating their mechanical performance. This study highlights the potential of SPR joints for application in construction structures, including scenarios requiring fire-resistant capacity, thereby broadening their suitability for use in prefabricated lightweight and high-performance buildings.

Abstract While our earlier report focused on the initial four months of the dataset (Saito et al., 2018, Language Learning), this study investigates the relationship between individual differences in motivation (Ideal Self and Ought–to Self), emotions (Enjoyment and Anxiety), and L2 speech learning among 121 Japanese English–as–a–Foreign–Language high school students over 1.5–years. Participants’ L2 speech proficiency consistently improved at each testing point (6 months, 10 months, and 1.5 years), while their motivation and emotions, measured through questionnaires, remained relatively stable. The results of structural equation modeling suggest that the relationship between motivation, emotions, and acquisition may evolve. Within the first 6-10 months, data indicated a correlational relationship, highlighting a mutual influence among motivation, emotions, and acquisition. However, as the study progressed beyond one year, after students had fully adapted to their educational settings, a clearer causal relationship emerged: Enhanced motivation and more positive emotions were linked to increased classroom practice, leading to significant gains in L2 speech proficiency. The predictive roles of Anxiety remained unclear in this longitudinal dataset.