Nature Astronomy

, volume 5 , issue 3 , pages 246-250

Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Kohei Kitazato ¹

R E Milliken ²

Takahiro Iwata ^{3, 4}

M. Abe ^{3, 4}

M. OHTAKE ¹

Shuji Matsuura ⁵

Y. TAKAGI ⁶

T. Nakamura ⁷

T. Hiroi ²

Moe Matsuoka ³

Lucie Riu ³

Y. Nakauchi ³

Kohji Tsumura ⁸

H Senshu ⁹

Naoyuki Hirata ¹

M. A. Barucci ¹⁰

Rosario Brunetto ¹¹

C Pilorget ¹¹

F. Poulet ¹¹

J.-P. Bibring ¹¹

D L Domingue ¹²

F. Vilas ¹²

D. Takir ¹³

E. PALOMBA ¹⁴

A. Galiano ¹⁴

Davide Perna ^{10, 15}

T. Osawa ¹⁶

Mutsumi Komatsu ⁴

A Nakato ³

T. Arai ⁹

N. Takato ¹⁷

T. Matsunaga ¹⁸

Masahiko Arakawa ¹⁹

T. SAIKI ³

K. Wada ⁹

T. Kadono ²⁰

H Imamura ³

Hajime Yano ^{3, 4}

K Shirai ^{3, 19}

M. Hayakawa ³

C. Okamoto ¹⁹

H Sawada ³

Kazunori Ogawa ^{19, 21}

Y Iijima ³

Seiji Sugita ^{9, 22}

R Honda ²³

Tomokatsu Morota ²²

Shingo Kameda ²⁴

Eri Tatsumi ^{22, 25}

Yuichiro Cho ²²

K. Yoshioka ²²

Y. Yokota ^{3, 23}

Naoya Sakatani ²⁴

MANABU YAMADA ⁹

T. Kouyama ²⁶

H. SUZUKI ²⁷

Honda C ¹

Noriyuki Namiki ^{4, 17}

T. Mizuno ^{3, 4}

K Matsumoto ¹⁷

H. Noda ¹⁷

Y Ishihara ²¹

R. Yamada ¹

K. Yamamoto ¹⁷

F. Yoshida ^{9, 20}

S. Abe ²⁸

A Higuchi ²⁰

Yukio Yamamoto ^{3, 4}

Tatsuaki Okada ^{3, 22}

Yuri Shimaki ³

R. Noguchi ³

A Miura ^{3, 4}

N. Hirata ¹⁹

Shogo Tachibana ^{3, 22}

H Yabuta ^{3, 29}

M. Ishiguro ³⁰

h. ikeda ³

HIROSHI TAKEUCHI ^{3, 4}

T. Shimada ³

Osamu Mori ³

Satoshi Hosoda ³

Ryudo Tsukizaki ³

Stefania Soldini ³¹

MASANOBU OZAKI ^{3, 4}

F Terui ³

Naoko Ogawa ³

Y Mimasu ³

G Ono ³²

K. Yoshikawa ³²

C. Hirose ³²

Atsushi Fujii ³

T. Takahashi ³³

S. Kikuchi ³

Yuto Takei ^{3, 32}

T Yamaguchi ³⁴

Satoru Nakazawa ³

S. Tanaka ^{3, 4}

M. Yoshikawa ^{3, 4}

Seiichiro WATANABE ^{3, 35}

Y. Tsuda ^{3, 4}

Hide authors affiliations Show authors affiliations: 35 affiliations

The University of Aizu, Fukushima, Japan |

BROWN UNIVERSITY, PROVIDENCE, USA |

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan |

⁴

The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan |

⁵

Kwansei Gakuin University, Hyogo, Japan |

⁶

Aichi Toho University, Nagoya, Japan |

⁷

Tohoku university, Sendai, Japan |

⁸

Tokyo City University, Tokyo, Japan |

⁹

Chiba Institute of Technology, Chiba, Japan |

¹⁰

LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Meudon, France

Sorbonne University

Observatoire de Paris

Paris Sciences et Lettres

¹¹

Institut d’Astrophysique Spatial, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France |

¹²

Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, USA |

¹³

Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, USA |

¹⁴

Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Rome, Italy |

¹⁵

Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, INAF, Monte Porzio Catone, Italy |

¹⁶

Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Ibaraki, Japan |

¹⁷

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Tokyo, Japan |

¹⁸

National institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan |

¹⁹

KOBE UNIVERSITY, Kobe, Japan |

²⁰

University of Occupational and Environmental Health, KitaKyushu, Japan |

²¹

JAXA Space Exploration Center, JAXA, Sagamihara, Japan |

²²

THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO, Tokyo, Japan |

²³

Kochi University, Kochi, Japan |

²⁴

Rikkyo University, Tokyo, Japan |

²⁵

Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

University of La Laguna

Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias

²⁶

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan |

²⁷

Meiji University, Tokyo, Japan |

²⁸

Nihon University, Chiba, Japan |

²⁹

Hiroshima university, Hiroshima, Japan |

³⁰

Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea |

³¹

University of LIverpool, Liverpool, UK |

³²

Research and Development Directorate, JAXA, Sagamihara, Japan |

³³

NEC CORPORATION, Tokyo, Japan |

³⁴

Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan |

³⁵

Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan |

Publication type: Journal Article

Publication date: 2021-01-04

Springer Nature

Nature Astronomy

scimago Q1

wos Q1

SJR: 4.006

CiteScore: 22.9

Impact factor: 14.3

ISSN: 23973366

DOI: 10.1038/s41550-020-01271-2

Copy DOI

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Abstract

Analyses of meteorites and theoretical models indicate that some carbonaceous near-Earth asteroids may have been thermally altered due to radiative heating during close approaches to the Sun1–3. However, the lack of direct measurements on the subsurface doesn’t allow us to distinguish thermal alteration due to radiative heating from parent-body processes. In April 2019, the Hayabusa2 mission successfully completed an artificial impact experiment on the carbonaceous near-Earth asteroid (162173) Ryugu4,5, which provided an opportunity to investigate exposed subsurface material and test potential effects of radiative heating. Here we report observations of Ryugu’s subsurface material by the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Reflectance spectra of excavated material exhibit a hydroxyl (OH) absorption feature that is slightly stronger and peak-shifted compared with that observed for the surface, indicating that space weathering and/or radiative heating have caused subtle spectral changes in the uppermost surface. The strength and shape of the OH feature suggests that the subsurface material experienced heating above 300 °C, similar to the surface. In contrast, thermophysical modelling indicates that radiative heating cannot increase the temperature above 200 °C at the estimated excavation depth of 1 m, even at the smallest heliocentric distance possible for Ryugu. This supports the hypothesis that primary thermal alteration occurred on Ryugu’s parent body. Hayabusa2 created an artificial crater on Ryugu to analyse the subsurficial material of the asteroid. Results show that the subsurface is more hydrated than the surface. It experienced alteration processes that can be traced back to Ryugu’s parent body.

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Kitazato K. et al. Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu // Nature Astronomy. 2021. Vol. 5. No. 3. pp. 246-250.

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Kitazato K. et al. Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu // Nature Astronomy. 2021. Vol. 5. No. 3. pp. 246-250.

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@article{2021_Kitazato,

author = {Kohei Kitazato and R E Milliken and Takahiro Iwata and M. Abe and M. OHTAKE and Shuji Matsuura and Y. TAKAGI and T. Nakamura and T. Hiroi and Moe Matsuoka and Lucie Riu and Y. Nakauchi and Kohji Tsumura and H Senshu and Naoyuki Hirata and M. A. Barucci and Rosario Brunetto and C Pilorget and F. Poulet and J.-P. Bibring and D L Domingue and F. Vilas and D. Takir and E. PALOMBA and A. Galiano and Davide Perna and T. Osawa and Mutsumi Komatsu and A Nakato and T. Arai and N. Takato and T. Matsunaga and Masahiko Arakawa and T. SAIKI and K. Wada and T. Kadono and H Imamura and Hajime Yano and K Shirai and M. Hayakawa and C. Okamoto and H Sawada and Kazunori Ogawa and Y Iijima and Seiji Sugita and R Honda and Tomokatsu Morota and Shingo Kameda and Eri Tatsumi and Yuichiro Cho and others},

title = {Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu},

journal = {Nature Astronomy},

year = {2021},

volume = {5},

publisher = {Springer Nature},

month = {jan},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-020-01271-2},

number = {3},

pages = {246--250},

doi = {10.1038/s41550-020-01271-2}

}

MLA

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MLA Copy

Kitazato, Kohei, et al. “Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu.” Nature Astronomy, vol. 5, no. 3, Jan. 2021, pp. 246-250. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-020-01271-2.

Publisher

Springer Nature

Journal

Nature Astronomy

scimago Q1

wos Q1

SJR

4.006

CiteScore

22.9

Impact factor

14.3

ISSN

23973366 (Electronic)