Nature Astronomy

, volume 5 , issue 5 , pages 465-471

HAWC observations of the acceleration of very-high-energy cosmic rays in the Cygnus Cocoon

A. U. Abeysekara ¹

A. Albert ²

R. Alfaro ³

C. Álvarez ⁴

J. R. Angeles Camacho ³

J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez ⁵

K. P. Arunbabu ⁶

D. Avila Rojas ³

H. A. Ayala Solares ⁷

V. Baghmanyan ⁸

E. Belmont-Moreno ⁵

S. Y. BenZvi ⁹

R. D. Blandford ¹⁰

C. Brisbois ¹¹

K. S. Caballero-Mora ⁴

T. Capistrán ^{12, 13}

A. Carramiñana ¹²

S. Casanova ⁸

U. Cotti ⁵

S. Coutiño de León ¹²

E. De la Fuente ^{14, 15}

R. Diaz Hernandez ¹²

B. L. Dingus ²

M. A. DuVernois ¹⁶

M. Durocher ²

J. C. Díaz-Vélez ¹⁴

R. W. Ellsworth ¹¹

K. Engel ¹¹

C. Espinoza ³

K. L. Fan ¹¹

Ke Fang ^{10, 16}

Henrike Fleischhack ¹⁷

N. Fraija ¹³

A. Galván-Gámez ¹³

D. Garcia ³

J. A. García-González ³

F. Garfias ¹³

G. Giacinti ¹⁸

M. C. González ¹³

J. Clay Goodman ¹¹

J. P. Harding ²

S. Hernández ³

J. Hinton ¹⁸

B. Hona ¹

D. Huang ¹⁷

F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla ⁴

P. H. Hüntemeyer ¹⁷

A. Iriarte ¹³

A. Jardin-Blicq ^{18, 19, 20}

V Joshi ²¹

D. Kieda ¹

Alejandro Lara ⁶

W H Lee ¹³

H. León Vargas ³

J. T. Linnemann ²²

A. L. Longinotti ^{12, 13}

G. Luis Raya ²³

J. Lundeen ²²

K. Malone ²

O Martínez ²⁴

I. Martinez-Castellanos ¹¹

J. Martínez-Castro ²⁵

J. A. Matthews ²⁶

P. Miranda-Romagnoli ²⁷

J. A. Morales-Soto ⁵

E. Moreno ²⁴

M. Mostafá ⁷

A. Nayerhoda ⁸

L. Nellen ²⁸

M. Newbold ¹

M. U. Nisa ²²

R. Noriega-Papaqui ²⁷

L. Olivera-Nieto ¹⁸

N. Omodei ¹⁰

A. Peisker ²²

Y Pérez Araujo ¹³

E. G. Pérez-Pérez ²³

Z. Ren ²⁶

C. D. Rho ²⁹

D. Rosa-González ¹²

E. Ruiz-Velasco ¹⁸

H. Salazar ²⁴

F. Salesa Greus ^{8, 30}

A. Sandoval ³

Michael D. Schneider ¹¹

H. Schoorlemmer ¹⁸

F. Serna ³

A. J. Smith ¹¹

R. W. Springer ¹

P. Surajbali ¹⁸

K. Tollefson ²²

I. Torres ¹²

R. Torres-Escobedo ¹⁴

F. Ureña-Mena ¹²

T. Weisgarber ³¹

F. Werner ¹⁸

E. Willox ¹¹

A. Zepeda ³²

H. Zhou ³³

C. Ponce de León ⁵

J. D. Álvarez ⁵

Hide authors affiliations Show authors affiliations: 33 affiliations

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA |

Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA |

Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico |

⁴

Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Mexico |

⁵

Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico |

⁶

Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma De México, Mexico City, Mexico |

⁷

Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA |

⁸

Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland |

⁹

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, USA |

¹⁰

department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, USA |

¹¹

Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, USA |

¹²

Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico |

¹³

Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico |

¹⁴

Departamento de Física, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactase Ingenierias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico |

¹⁵

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan |

¹⁶

Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, USA |

¹⁷

Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, USA |

¹⁸

Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany |

¹⁹

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand |

²⁰

National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand, Chiang Mai, Thailand |

²¹

Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany |

²²

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA |

²³

Universidad Politecnica de Pachuca, Pachuca, Mexico |

²⁴

Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico |

²⁵

Centro De Investigación En Computación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico |

²⁶

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA |

²⁷

Universidad Autónoma Del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico |

²⁸

Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico |

²⁹

Natural Science Research Institute, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea |

³⁰

Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain

University of Valencia

Institute for Corpuscular Physics

³¹

Department of Chemistry and Physics, California University of Pennsylvania, California, USA |

³²

Departamento de Física, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico |

³³

Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China |

Publication type: Journal Article

Publication date: 2021-03-11

Springer Nature

Nature Astronomy

scimago Q1

wos Q1

SJR: 4.006

CiteScore: 22.9

Impact factor: 14.3

ISSN: 23973366

DOI: 10.1038/s41550-021-01318-y

Copy DOI

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Abstract

Cosmic rays with energies up to a few PeV are known to be accelerated within the Milky Way1,2. Traditionally, it has been presumed that supernova remnants were the main source of these very-high-energy cosmic rays3,4, but theoretically it is difficult to accelerate protons to PeV energies5,6 and observationally there simply is no evidence of the remnants being sources of hadrons with energies above a few tens of TeV7,8. One possible source of protons with those energies is the Galactic Centre region9. Here, we report observations of 1–100 TeV γ rays coming from the ‘Cygnus Cocoon’10, which is a superbubble that surrounds a region of massive star formation. These γ rays are likely produced by 10–1,000 TeV freshly accelerated cosmic rays that originate from the enclosed star-forming region Cyg OB2. Until now it was not known that such regions could accelerate particles to these energies. The measured flux likely originates from hadronic interactions. The spectral shape and the emission profile of the Cocoon changes from GeV to TeV energies, which reveals the transport of cosmic particles and historical activity in the superbubble. Following HAWC observations of the Cygnus Cocoon, massive star-forming regions can now be considered to be sources of very-high-energy (TeV to PeV) Galactic cosmic rays.

Found

1 citation

Bykov Alexey

🥼 🤝

PhD in Physics and Mathematics

83 publications, 1 546 citations

h-index: 19

Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute of NRC «Kurchatov Institute»

Research interests

Spintronics

1 citation

Khadzhiev Musabi

17 publications, 79 citations

h-index: 5

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences

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Abeysekara A. U. et al. HAWC observations of the acceleration of very-high-energy cosmic rays in the Cygnus Cocoon // Nature Astronomy. 2021. Vol. 5. No. 5. pp. 465-471.

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Abeysekara A. U. et al. HAWC observations of the acceleration of very-high-energy cosmic rays in the Cygnus Cocoon // Nature Astronomy. 2021. Vol. 5. No. 5. pp. 465-471.

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@article{2021_Abeysekara,

author = {A. U. Abeysekara and A. Albert and R. Alfaro and C. Álvarez and J. R. Angeles Camacho and J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez and K. P. Arunbabu and D. Avila Rojas and H. A. Ayala Solares and V. Baghmanyan and E. Belmont-Moreno and S. Y. BenZvi and R. D. Blandford and C. Brisbois and K. S. Caballero-Mora and T. Capistrán and A. Carramiñana and S. Casanova and U. Cotti and S. Coutiño de León and E. De la Fuente and R. Diaz Hernandez and B. L. Dingus and M. A. DuVernois and M. Durocher and J. C. Díaz-Vélez and R. W. Ellsworth and K. Engel and C. Espinoza and K. L. Fan and Ke Fang and Henrike Fleischhack and N. Fraija and A. Galván-Gámez and D. Garcia and J. A. García-González and F. Garfias and G. Giacinti and M. C. González and J. Clay Goodman and J. P. Harding and S. Hernández and J. Hinton and B. Hona and D. Huang and F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla and P. H. Hüntemeyer and A. Iriarte and A. Jardin-Blicq and V Joshi and others},

title = {HAWC observations of the acceleration of very-high-energy cosmic rays in the Cygnus Cocoon},

journal = {Nature Astronomy},

year = {2021},

volume = {5},

publisher = {Springer Nature},

month = {mar},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-021-01318-y},

number = {5},

pages = {465--471},

doi = {10.1038/s41550-021-01318-y}

}

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MLA Copy

Abeysekara, A. U., et al. “HAWC observations of the acceleration of very-high-energy cosmic rays in the Cygnus Cocoon.” Nature Astronomy, vol. 5, no. 5, Mar. 2021, pp. 465-471. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-021-01318-y.

Publisher

Springer Nature

Journal

Nature Astronomy

scimago Q1

wos Q1

SJR

4.006

CiteScore

22.9

Impact factor

14.3

ISSN

23973366 (Electronic)

Profiles

Antonio Galván Galván