Floodplain forests drive fruit-eating fish diversity at the Amazon Basin-scale

Sandra Bibiana Correa 1
Karold V. Coronado-Franco 1
Celine Jézéquel 2
Amanda Cantarute Rodrigues 2
Kristine O. Evans 1
Joshua J Granger 3
HANS TER STEEGE 4, 5
Iêda Leão do Amaral 6
Luiz de Souza Coelho 6
Florian Wittmann 7, 8
Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos 6
Diógenes de Andrade Lima Filho 6
R. Salomão 9, 10
Carolina V. Castilho 11
Juan Ernesto Guevara Andino 12
Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim 13
Oliver L. Phillips 14
Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade 8
Layon O. Demarchi 8
J. Schöngart 8
Juan David Cardenas Revilla 6
Maria Pires 6
MARIANA VICTÓRIA IRUME 6
José Renan da Silva Guimarães 15
José Ferreira Ramos 6
Adriano Costa Quaresma 7, 8
N. C. A. Pitman 16
BRUNO G. LUIZE 17
Evlyn Márcia Leão de Moraes Novo 18
EDUARDO M. VENTICINQUE 19
Thiago Sanna Freire Silva 20
Percy Núñez Vargas 21
Angelo Manzatto 22
Neidiane Farias Costa Reis 23
J. W. Terborgh 24, 25
Katia Regina Casula 23
Euridice N Honorio Coronado 26, 27
Juan Carlos MONTERO 6, 28
Abel Monteagudo Mendoza 21, 29
Ted R. Feldpausch 14, 30
Flávia Machado Durgante 7, 8
Nicolás Castaño Arboleda 31
Beatriz S. Marimon 32
Ben Hur Marimon-Junior 32
Timothy J. Killeen 33
Rodolfo Vasquez 29
Bonifacio Mostacedo 34
Rafael L. Assis 35
Dário Dantas Do Amaral 10
J Ethan Householder 7
Marcelo Fragomeni Simon 36
Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros 36
Helder Lima De Queiroz 37
MARIA APARECIDA LOPES 38
José Leonardo Lima Magalhães 39, 40
Pablo R. Stevenson 41
Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra 42
Alejandro Araujo-Murakami 43
T. N. Baker 14
Yuri Oliveira Feitosa 44
Hugo F. Mogollón 45
Joost F Duivenvoorden 46
Leandro Valle Ferreira 10
José Julio de Toledo 47
James A Comiskey 48, 49
Aline Lopes 8, 50
Gabriel Damasco 51
Alberto Vicentini 52
Fernando Cornejo Valverde 53
Vitor Hugo Freitas Gomes 54, 55
A. Alonso 49
Francisco Dallmeier 49
Daniel P. P. de Aguiar 56, 57
Rogério Gribel 6
Juan Carlos Licona 28
Boris Eduardo Villa Zegarra 58
Carneiro Guedes Marcelino 59
Carlos Cerón 60
Raquel Thomas 61
William Milliken 62
Wegliane Campelo 47
Bianca Weiss Albuquerque 8
Bente Klitgaard 63
J. Sebastián Tello 64
Alfredo F Fuentes 64, 65
Gonzalo Rivas-Torres 66, 67
Juan Fernando Phillips 68
P Von Hildebrand 69
Therany Gonzales 70
César I. A. Vela 71
B Hoffman 72
Bernardo Monteiro Flores 73
Maihyra Marina Pombo 6
Maira Rocha 8
Milena Holmgren 74
ÁNGELA CANO 41, 75
Maria Natalia Umaña 76
Luisa Fernanda Casas 41
Henrik Balslev 77
Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo 78
Rémy Bigorne 2
Thierry Oberdorff 2
Hernan Ortega 79
Max Hidalgo 79
Koen Martens 80
Gislene Torrente Vilara 81
Jansen Zuanon 6, 82
Astrid Acosta 83
Edwin Agudelo 83
Soraya Barrera Maure 84
DOUGLAS A. BASTOS 6
Juan D Bogotá Gregory 83
Fernando G Cabeceira 85
ANDRÉ LUIZ C. CANTO 86
Fernando M. Carvajal-Vallejos 87
Lucélia Nobre Carvalho 88
Ariana Cella Ribeiro 89
RAPHAEL COVAIN 90
Murilo F. Dias 91
Carlos Donascimiento 92
Carolina R C Doria 93
Cleber Duarte 6
E. J. G. Ferreira 6
André V. Galuch 6
Tommaso Giarrizzo 94
Rafael Leitão 95
JOHN G. LUNDBERG 96
Mabel Maldonado 87
Luciano Fogaça de Assis Montag 97
WILLIAN MASSAHARU OHARA 98
Tiago H S Pires 6
Marc Pouilly 99
Saúl Prada-Pedreros 100
Luiz J. de Queiroz 4, 101
LÚCIA H. RAPP PY-DANIEL 6
FRANK RAYNNER VASCONCELOS RIBEIRO 86
Raúl Ríos Herrera 102
Marcelo Rodrigues dos Anjos 103
Igor Hister Lourenco 103
Jaime Sarmiento 84
LEANDRO M. SOUSA 104
Lis F Stegmann 6
Jonathan Valdiviezo-Rivera 105
Francisco Villa 106
Takayuki Yunoki 107
Pablo A. Tedesco 2
10
 
Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi
11
 
Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, Embrapa Roraima
12
 
Grupo de Investigación en Ecología y Evolución en los Trópicos, Universidad de las Américas
13
 
Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Amapá
15
 
Amcel Amapá Florestal e Celulose S.A, Novo Horizonte
16
 
Science and Education, The Field Museum
26
 
Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana
28
 
Instituto Boliviano de Investigación Forestal
29
 
Jardín Botánico de Missouri
31
 
Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas
33
 
Agteca-Amazonica
34
 
Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno
36
 
Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, Prédio da Botânica e Ecologia
37
 
Diretoria Técnico-Científica, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá
40
 
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Amazônia Oriental
41
 
Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología, Universidad de los Andes
43
 
Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno
45
 
Endangered Species Coalition
48
 
Inventory and Monitoring Program, National Park Service
49
 
Center for Conservation and Sustainability, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute
50
 
Postgraduate Program in Clean Technologies, UniCesumar and Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology, and Innovation
53
 
Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program
54
 
Escola de Negócios Tecnologia e Inovação, Centro Universitário do Pará
56
 
Procuradoria-Geral de Justiça, Ministério Público do Estado do Amazonas
58
 
Dirección de Evaluación Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre
59
 
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Amapá
60
 
Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes, Universidad Central
61
 
Iwokrama International Centre for Rain Forest Conservation and Development
64
 
Latin America Department, Missouri Botanical Garden
68
 
Fundación Puerto Rastrojo
69
 
Fundación Estación de Biología
70
 
ACEER Foundation
72
 
Amazon Conservation Team
83
 
Colección Ictiológica de la Amazonia Colombiana, Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi
84
 
Museo Nacional de Historia Natural - Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Agua, Colección Boliviana de Fauna
89
 
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Universitário Aparício Carvalho
90
 
Département d’herpétologie et d’ichtyologie, Muséum d’histoire naturelle
102
 
Instituto para la Investigación y la Preservación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural del Valle del Cauca
105
 
Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
107
 
Centro de Investigación de Recursos Acuáticos, Universidad Autónoma del Beni, Campus Universitario Dr. Hernan Melgar Justiniano
Publication typeJournal Article
Publication date2025-01-13
scimago Q1
wos Q1
SJR3.414
CiteScore16.5
Impact factor9.1
ISSN00278424, 10916490
Abstract

Unlike most rivers globally, nearly all lowland Amazonian rivers have unregulated flow, supporting seasonally flooded floodplain forests. Floodplain forests harbor a unique tree species assemblage adapted to flooding and specialized fauna, including fruit-eating fish that migrate seasonally into floodplains, favoring expansive floodplain areas. Frugivorous fish are forest-dependent fauna critical to forest regeneration via seed dispersal and support commercial and artisanal fisheries. We implemented linear mixed effects models to investigate drivers of species richness among specialized frugivorous fishes across the ~6,000,000 km 2 Amazon Basin, analyzing 29 species from 9 families (10,058 occurrences). Floodplain predictors per subbasin included floodplain forest extent, tree species richness (309,540 occurrences for 2,506 species), water biogeochemistry, flood duration, and elevation, with river order controlling for longitudinal positioning along the river network. We observed heterogeneous patterns of frugivorous fish species richness, which were positively correlated with floodplain forest extent, tree species richness, and flood duration. The natural hydrological regime facilitates fish access to flooded forests and controls fruit production. Thus, the ability of Amazonian floodplain ecosystems to support frugivorous fish assemblages hinges on extensive and diverse seasonally flooded forests. Given the low functional redundancy in fish seed dispersal networks, diverse frugivorous fish assemblages disperse and maintain diverse forests; vice versa, diverse forests maintain more fish species, underscoring the critically important taxonomic interdependencies that embody Amazonian ecosystems. Effective management strategies must acknowledge that access to diverse and hydrologically functional floodplain forests is essential to ensure the long-term survival of frugivorous fish and, in turn, the long-term sustainability of floodplain forests.

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Correa S. B. et al. Floodplain forests drive fruit-eating fish diversity at the Amazon Basin-scale // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2025. Vol. 122. No. 3.
GOST all authors (up to 50) Copy
Correa S. B. et al. Floodplain forests drive fruit-eating fish diversity at the Amazon Basin-scale // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2025. Vol. 122. No. 3.
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@article{2025_Correa,
author = {Sandra Bibiana Correa and Karold V. Coronado-Franco and Celine Jézéquel and Amanda Cantarute Rodrigues and Kristine O. Evans and Joshua J Granger and HANS TER STEEGE and Iêda Leão do Amaral and Luiz de Souza Coelho and Florian Wittmann and Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos and Diógenes de Andrade Lima Filho and R. Salomão and Carolina V. Castilho and Juan Ernesto Guevara Andino and Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim and Oliver L. Phillips and Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade and Layon O. Demarchi and J. Schöngart and Juan David Cardenas Revilla and Maria Pires and MARIANA VICTÓRIA IRUME and José Renan da Silva Guimarães and José Ferreira Ramos and Adriano Costa Quaresma and N. C. A. Pitman and BRUNO G. LUIZE and Evlyn Márcia Leão de Moraes Novo and EDUARDO M. VENTICINQUE and Thiago Sanna Freire Silva and Percy Núñez Vargas and Angelo Manzatto and Neidiane Farias Costa Reis and J. W. Terborgh and Katia Regina Casula and Euridice N Honorio Coronado and Juan Carlos MONTERO and Abel Monteagudo Mendoza and Ted R. Feldpausch and Flávia Machado Durgante and Nicolás Castaño Arboleda and Beatriz S. Marimon and Ben Hur Marimon-Junior and Timothy J. Killeen and Rodolfo Vasquez and Bonifacio Mostacedo and Rafael L. Assis and Dário Dantas Do Amaral and J Ethan Householder and others},
title = {Floodplain forests drive fruit-eating fish diversity at the Amazon Basin-scale},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
year = {2025},
volume = {122},
publisher = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)},
month = {jan},
url = {https://pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2414416122},
number = {3},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.2414416122}
}
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