Open Access

Science

, volume 366 , issue 6471

Pervasive human-driven decline of life on Earth points to the need for transformative change

Sandra Díaz ^{1, 2}

Josef Settele ^{3, 4}

Brondizio E ⁵

Hien T Ngo ⁶

John Agard ⁷

Almut Arneth ⁸

Patricia Balvanera ⁹

Kate A Brauman ¹⁰

S. H. M. Butchart ^{11, 12}

Kai Wing Chan ¹³

Lucas A. Garibaldi ¹⁴

K. Ichii ^{15, 16}

J Liu ¹⁷

Suneetha M Subramanian ^{18, 19}

G.F. Midgley ²⁰

Patricia Miloslavich ^{21, 22}

Zsolt Molnar ²³

David O Obura ^{24, 25}

Alexander Pfaff ²⁶

Stephen Polasky ^{27, 28}

A. Purvis ^{29, 30}

Elena Blanco ³¹

B. Reyers ^{32, 33}

Rinku Roy Chowdhury ³⁴

Yunne-Jai Shin ^{35, 36}

Ingrid Visseren Hamakers ^{37, 38}

Katherine J. Willis ^{39, 40}

Cynthia Neri Zayas ⁴¹

Hide authors affiliations Show authors affiliations: 41 affiliations

Consejo Nacional de investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Córdoba, Argentina. |

Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales,Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Casilla de Correo 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina. |

Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZ, Halle, Germany. |

⁴

German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research–iDiv, Leipzig, Germany. |

⁵

Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA. |

⁶

Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) Secretariat, United Nations Campus, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1, D-53113 Bonn, Germany. |

⁷

Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago. |

⁸

Atmospheric Environmental Research, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. |

⁹

Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, México. |

¹⁰

Institute on the Environment, University of Minnesota, 325 Learning and Environmental Sciences, 1954 Buford Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. |

¹¹

BirdLife International, David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK. |

¹²

Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. |

¹³

Institute for Resources, Environment, and Sustainability, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. |

¹⁴

Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Mitre 630, CP 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina. |

¹⁵

Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, 1-33,Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-852, Japan. |

¹⁶

Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2, Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-0053, Japan. |

¹⁷

Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, 115 Manly Miles Building, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA. |

¹⁸

United Nations University (UNU)–Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability, Tokyo, Japan. |

¹⁹

UNU–International Institute for Global Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. |

²⁰

Global Change Biology Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, P/Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa. |

²¹

Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, and Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)–Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization

University of Tasmania

²²

Departamento de Estudios Ambientales, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Caracas, Venezuela. |

²³

Centre for Ecological Research Institute of Ecology and Botany, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, H-2163 Vácrátót, Hungary.

Centre for Ecological Research

Institute of Ecology and Botany

²⁴

Coastal Oceans Research and Development–Indian Ocean (CORDIO) East Africa, Mombasa, Kenya. |

²⁵

Global Climate Institute, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia. |

²⁶

Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA. |

²⁷

Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, 1994 Buford Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. |

²⁸

Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1994 Buford Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. |

²⁹

Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK. |

³⁰

Grand Challenges in Ecosystems and the Environment, Imperial College London, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK. |

³¹

Department of Law, Faculty of Business and Law, University of the West of England, Bristol, Bristol, UK. |

³²

Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden. |

³³

Department of Conservation Ecology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, 7602, South Africa. |

³⁴

Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA. |

³⁵

Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC) Research Unit, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.

University of Montpellier

French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea

³⁶

Department of Biological Sciences, Marine Research Institute, University of Cape Town, 7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. |

³⁷

Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA. |

³⁸

Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. |

³⁹

Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3AE, UK. |

⁴⁰

Long-Term Ecology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK. |

⁴¹

Center for International Studies University of the Philippines, Diliman, Philippines. |

Publication type: Journal Article

Publication date: 2019-12-13

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Science

scimago Q1

wos Q1

SJR: 10.416

CiteScore: 48.4

Impact factor: 45.8

ISSN: 00368075, 10959203

DOI: 10.1126/science.aax3100

Copy DOI

PubMed ID: 31831642

Multidisciplinary

Abstract

The time is now

For decades, scientists have been raising calls for societal changes that will reduce our impacts on nature. Though much conservation has occurred, our natural environment continues to decline under the weight of our consumption. Humanity depends directly on the output of nature; thus, this decline will affect us, just as it does the other species with which we share this world. Díaz et al. review the findings of the largest assessment of the state of nature conducted as of yet. They report that the state of nature, and the state of the equitable distribution of nature's support, is in serious decline. Only immediate transformation of global business-as-usual economies and operations will sustain nature as we know it, and us, into the future.

Science , this issue p. eaax3100

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GOST Copy

Díaz S. et al. Pervasive human-driven decline of life on Earth points to the need for transformative change // Science. 2019. Vol. 366. No. 6471.

GOST all authors (up to 50) Copy

Díaz S., Settele J., E B., Ngo H. T., Agard J., Arneth A., Balvanera P., Brauman K. A., Butchart S. H. M., Chan K. W., Garibaldi L. A., Ichii K., Liu J., Subramanian S. M., Midgley G., Miloslavich P., Molnar Z., Obura D. O., Pfaff A., Polasky S., Purvis A., Blanco E., Reyers B., Roy Chowdhury R., Shin Y., Visseren Hamakers I., Willis K. J., Neri Zayas C. Pervasive human-driven decline of life on Earth points to the need for transformative change // Science. 2019. Vol. 366. No. 6471.

RIS |

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RIS Copy

TY - JOUR

DO - 10.1126/science.aax3100

UR - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax3100

TI - Pervasive human-driven decline of life on Earth points to the need for transformative change

T2 - Science

AU - Díaz, Sandra

AU - Settele, Josef

AU - E, Brondizio

AU - Ngo, Hien T

AU - Agard, John

AU - Arneth, Almut

AU - Balvanera, Patricia

AU - Brauman, Kate A

AU - Butchart, S. H. M.

AU - Chan, Kai Wing

AU - Garibaldi, Lucas A.

AU - Ichii, K.

AU - Liu, J

AU - Subramanian, Suneetha M

AU - Midgley, G.F.

AU - Miloslavich, Patricia

AU - Molnar, Zsolt

AU - Obura, David O

AU - Pfaff, Alexander

AU - Polasky, Stephen

AU - Purvis, A.

AU - Blanco, Elena

AU - Reyers, B.

AU - Roy Chowdhury, Rinku

AU - Shin, Yunne-Jai

AU - Visseren Hamakers, Ingrid

AU - Willis, Katherine J.

AU - Neri Zayas, Cynthia

PY - 2019

DA - 2019/12/13

PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

IS - 6471

VL - 366

PMID - 31831642

SN - 0036-8075

SN - 1095-9203

ER -

BibTex

Cite this

BibTex (up to 50 authors) Copy

@article{2019_Díaz,

author = {Sandra Díaz and Josef Settele and Brondizio E and Hien T Ngo and John Agard and Almut Arneth and Patricia Balvanera and Kate A Brauman and S. H. M. Butchart and Kai Wing Chan and Lucas A. Garibaldi and K. Ichii and J Liu and Suneetha M Subramanian and G.F. Midgley and Patricia Miloslavich and Zsolt Molnar and David O Obura and Alexander Pfaff and Stephen Polasky and A. Purvis and Elena Blanco and B. Reyers and Rinku Roy Chowdhury and Yunne-Jai Shin and Ingrid Visseren Hamakers and Katherine J. Willis and Cynthia Neri Zayas},

title = {Pervasive human-driven decline of life on Earth points to the need for transformative change},

journal = {Science},

year = {2019},

volume = {366},

publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)},

month = {dec},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax3100},

number = {6471},

doi = {10.1126/science.aax3100}

}

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Journal

Science

scimago Q1

wos Q1

SJR

10.416

CiteScore

48.4

Impact factor

45.8

ISSN

00368075 (Print)

10959203 (Electronic)