Open Access
Open access
Nutrients, volume 13, issue 5, pages 1698

Development and Validation of an Index Based on EAT-Lancet Recommendations: The Planetary Health Diet Index

Luiz Aurélio Virtuoso 1
Aline M. Carvalho 1
Paulo Andrade Lotufo 2
Luis A. Moreno 3, 4, 5
Isabela M. Bensenor 2
Dirce M. Marchioni 1
4
 
Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
5
 
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Publication typeJournal Article
Publication date2021-05-17
Journal: Nutrients
scimago Q1
SJR1.301
CiteScore9.2
Impact factor4.8
ISSN20726643
PubMed ID:  34067774
Food Science
Nutrition and Dietetics
Abstract

The EAT-Lancet Commission has proposed a planetary health diet. We propose the development of the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) based on this proposed reference diet. We used baseline dietary data obtained through a 114-item FFQ from 14,779 participants of the Longitudinal Study on Adult Health, a multicenter cohort study conducted in Brazil. The PHDI has 16 components and a score from 0 to 150 points. Validation and reliability analyses were performed, including principal component analyses, association with selected nutrients, differences in means between groups (for example, smokers vs. non-smokers), correlations between components and total energy intake, Cronbach’s alpha, item-item correlations, and linear regression analysis between PHDI with carbon footprint and overall dietary quality. The mean PHDI was 60.4 (95% CI 60.2:60.5). The PHDI had six dimensions, was associated in an expected direction with the selected nutrients and was significantly (p < 0.001) lower in smokers (59.0) than in non-smokers (60.6). Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.51. All correlations between components were low, as well as between components and PHDI with total energy intake. After adjustment for age and sex, the PHDI score remained associated (p < 0.001) with a higher overall dietary quality and lower carbon footprint. Thus, we confirmed the PHDI validity and reliability.

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