0000-0003-4861-0636

A-2715-2012

Marta Markiewicz

Technische Universität Dresden

Publications

Citations

1 971

h-index

R-3D102-0CB55-IE40G

0000-0003-4861-0636

A-2715-2012

Found

See full statistics

Total publications

Total citations

1971

Citations per publication

56.31

Average publications per year

2.06

Average coauthors

5.57

Publications years

2009-2025 (17 years)

h-index

i10-index

m-index

1.12

o-index

106

g-index

w-index

Metrics description

h-index

A scientist has an h-index if h of his N publications are cited at least h times each, while the remaining (N - h) publications are cited no more than h times each.

https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.0507655102

i10-index

The number of the author's publications that received at least 10 links each.

https://scholar.googleblog.com/2011/11/google-scholar-citations-open-to-all.html

m-index

The researcher's m-index is numerically equal to the ratio of his h-index to the number of years that have passed since the first publication.

https://harzing.com/publications/white-papers/reflections-on-the-h-index

o-index

The geometric mean of the h-index and the number of citations of the most cited article of the scientist.

https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.01545

g-index

For a given set of articles, sorted in descending order of the number of citations that these articles received, the g-index is the largest number such that the g most cited articles received (in total) at least g² citations.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-006-0144-7

w-index

If w articles of a researcher have at least 10w citations each and other publications are less than 10(w+1) citations, then the researcher's w-index is equal to w.

https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.21276

Top-100

See full statistics

Fields of science

	2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Environmental Chemistry	Environmental Chemistry, 17, 48.57% Environmental Chemistry 17 publications, 48.57%
Pollution	Pollution, 15, 42.86% Pollution 15 publications, 42.86%
General Chemistry	General Chemistry, 7, 20% General Chemistry 7 publications, 20%
Environmental Engineering	Environmental Engineering, 7, 20% Environmental Engineering 7 publications, 20%
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 5, 14.29% Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis 5 publications, 14.29%
Waste Management and Disposal	Waste Management and Disposal, 5, 14.29% Waste Management and Disposal 5 publications, 14.29%
Materials Chemistry	Materials Chemistry, 2, 5.71% Materials Chemistry 2 publications, 5.71%
Surfaces, Coatings and Films	Surfaces, Coatings and Films, 2, 5.71% Surfaces, Coatings and Films 2 publications, 5.71%
Organic Chemistry	Organic Chemistry, 2, 5.71% Organic Chemistry 2 publications, 5.71%
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry	Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 2, 5.71% Physical and Theoretical Chemistry 2 publications, 5.71%
General Medicine	General Medicine, 2, 5.71% General Medicine 2 publications, 5.71%
Analytical Chemistry	Analytical Chemistry, 2, 5.71% Analytical Chemistry 2 publications, 5.71%
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 2, 5.71% Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health 2 publications, 5.71%
Nuclear Energy and Engineering	Nuclear Energy and Engineering, 2, 5.71% Nuclear Energy and Engineering 2 publications, 5.71%
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, 2, 5.71% Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment 2 publications, 5.71%
Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials	Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, 1, 2.86% Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials 1 publication, 2.86%
Catalysis	Catalysis, 1, 2.86% Catalysis 1 publication, 2.86%
Drug Discovery	Drug Discovery, 1, 2.86% Drug Discovery 1 publication, 2.86%
Biochemistry	Biochemistry, 1, 2.86% Biochemistry 1 publication, 2.86%
Pharmacology	Pharmacology, 1, 2.86% Pharmacology 1 publication, 2.86%
Pharmaceutical Science	Pharmaceutical Science, 1, 2.86% Pharmaceutical Science 1 publication, 2.86%
Molecular Medicine	Molecular Medicine, 1, 2.86% Molecular Medicine 1 publication, 2.86%
General Chemical Engineering	General Chemical Engineering, 1, 2.86% General Chemical Engineering 1 publication, 2.86%
Chemistry (miscellaneous)	Chemistry (miscellaneous), 1, 2.86% Chemistry (miscellaneous) 1 publication, 2.86%
Colloid and Surface Chemistry	Colloid and Surface Chemistry, 1, 2.86% Colloid and Surface Chemistry 1 publication, 2.86%
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics	Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 1, 2.86% Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics 1 publication, 2.86%
General Materials Science	General Materials Science, 1, 2.86% General Materials Science 1 publication, 2.86%
Bioengineering	Bioengineering, 1, 2.86% Bioengineering 1 publication, 2.86%
Biomaterials	Biomaterials, 1, 2.86% Biomaterials 1 publication, 2.86%
General Engineering	General Engineering, 1, 2.86% General Engineering 1 publication, 2.86%
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences	General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 1, 2.86% General Agricultural and Biological Sciences 1 publication, 2.86%
General Environmental Science	General Environmental Science, 1, 2.86% General Environmental Science 1 publication, 2.86%
Civil and Structural Engineering	Civil and Structural Engineering, 1, 2.86% Civil and Structural Engineering 1 publication, 2.86%
Water Science and Technology	Water Science and Technology, 1, 2.86% Water Science and Technology 1 publication, 2.86%
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law	Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 1, 2.86% Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law 1 publication, 2.86%
Ecological Modeling	Ecological Modeling, 1, 2.86% Ecological Modeling 1 publication, 2.86%

	2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

Journals

	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Green Chemistry	Green Chemistry, 8, 22.86% Green Chemistry 8 publications, 22.86%
Journal of Hazardous Materials	Journal of Hazardous Materials, 5, 14.29% Journal of Hazardous Materials 5 publications, 14.29%
Environmental Science & Technology	Environmental Science & Technology, 3, 8.57% Environmental Science & Technology 3 publications, 8.57%
Energy and Environmental Science	Energy and Environmental Science, 2, 5.71% Energy and Environmental Science 2 publications, 5.71%
Environmental International	Environmental International, 1, 2.86% Environmental International 1 publication, 2.86%
New Journal of Chemistry	New Journal of Chemistry, 1, 2.86% New Journal of Chemistry 1 publication, 2.86%
Molecules	Molecules, 1, 2.86% Molecules 1 publication, 2.86%
RSC Advances	RSC Advances, 1, 2.86% RSC Advances 1 publication, 2.86%
Journal of Cultural Heritage	Journal of Cultural Heritage, 1, 2.86% Journal of Cultural Heritage 1 publication, 2.86%
Environmental Research	Environmental Research, 1, 2.86% Environmental Research 1 publication, 2.86%
Chemical Research in Toxicology	Chemical Research in Toxicology, 1, 2.86% Chemical Research in Toxicology 1 publication, 2.86%
Chemical Reviews	Chemical Reviews, 1, 2.86% Chemical Reviews 1 publication, 2.86%
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology	International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 1, 2.86% International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 1 publication, 2.86%
Journal of Physical Chemistry B	Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 1, 2.86% Journal of Physical Chemistry B 1 publication, 2.86%
Water Research	Water Research, 1, 2.86% Water Research 1 publication, 2.86%
Nanoscale Advances	Nanoscale Advances, 1, 2.86% Nanoscale Advances 1 publication, 2.86%
Chemical Society Reviews	Chemical Society Reviews, 1, 2.86% Chemical Society Reviews 1 publication, 2.86%
Environmental Sciences: Processes and Impacts	Environmental Sciences: Processes and Impacts, 1, 2.86% Environmental Sciences: Processes and Impacts 1 publication, 2.86%
Heterocycles	Heterocycles, 1, 2.86% Heterocycles 1 publication, 2.86%
Chemosphere	Chemosphere, 1, 2.86% Chemosphere 1 publication, 2.86%
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science	Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 1, 2.86% Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 1 publication, 2.86%
	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Citing journals

	20 40 60 80 100 120
Journal not defined	Journal not defined, 102, 5.16% Journal not defined 102 citations, 5.16%
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy	International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 70, 3.54% International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 70 citations, 3.54%
Journal of Molecular Liquids	Journal of Molecular Liquids, 45, 2.28% Journal of Molecular Liquids 45 citations, 2.28%
Green Chemistry	Green Chemistry, 44, 2.23% Green Chemistry 44 citations, 2.23%
Journal of Hazardous Materials	Journal of Hazardous Materials, 44, 2.23% Journal of Hazardous Materials 44 citations, 2.23%
Science of the Total Environment	Science of the Total Environment, 39, 1.97% Science of the Total Environment 39 citations, 1.97%
Chemosphere	Chemosphere, 35, 1.77% Chemosphere 35 citations, 1.77%
ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering	ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 31, 1.57% ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering 31 citations, 1.57%
Environmental Science & Technology	Environmental Science & Technology, 31, 1.57% Environmental Science & Technology 31 citations, 1.57%
RSC Advances	RSC Advances, 26, 1.32% RSC Advances 26 citations, 1.32%
Nanoscale	Nanoscale, 25, 1.27% Nanoscale 25 citations, 1.27%
Chemical Engineering Journal	Chemical Engineering Journal, 25, 1.27% Chemical Engineering Journal 25 citations, 1.27%
ACS Nano	ACS Nano, 22, 1.11% ACS Nano 22 citations, 1.11%
Small	Small, 22, 1.11% Small 22 citations, 1.11%
Environmental Science: Nano	Environmental Science: Nano, 21, 1.06% Environmental Science: Nano 21 citations, 1.06%
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science	Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 19, 0.96% Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 19 citations, 0.96%
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics	Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 18, 0.91% Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18 citations, 0.91%
Langmuir	Langmuir, 18, 0.91% Langmuir 18 citations, 0.91%
Molecules	Molecules, 17, 0.86% Molecules 17 citations, 0.86%
Nanomaterials	Nanomaterials, 16, 0.81% Nanomaterials 16 citations, 0.81%
Chemical Reviews	Chemical Reviews, 16, 0.81% Chemical Reviews 16 citations, 0.81%
ACS applied materials & interfaces	ACS applied materials & interfaces, 15, 0.76% ACS applied materials & interfaces 15 citations, 0.76%
Environmental Pollution	Environmental Pollution, 15, 0.76% Environmental Pollution 15 citations, 0.76%
Water Research	Water Research, 15, 0.76% Water Research 15 citations, 0.76%
Separation and Purification Technology	Separation and Purification Technology, 15, 0.76% Separation and Purification Technology 15 citations, 0.76%
Fuel	Fuel, 15, 0.76% Fuel 15 citations, 0.76%
Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces	Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 14, 0.71% Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 14 citations, 0.71%
ChemSusChem	ChemSusChem, 13, 0.66% ChemSusChem 13 citations, 0.66%
Chemical Society Reviews	Chemical Society Reviews, 13, 0.66% Chemical Society Reviews 13 citations, 0.66%
Environmental Science and Pollution Research	Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 13, 0.66% Environmental Science and Pollution Research 13 citations, 0.66%
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering	Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 12, 0.61% Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 12 citations, 0.61%
International Journal of Molecular Sciences	International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 11, 0.56% International Journal of Molecular Sciences 11 citations, 0.56%
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules	International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 11, 0.56% International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 11 citations, 0.56%
Energy & Fuels	Energy & Fuels, 10, 0.51% Energy & Fuels 10 citations, 0.51%
Journal of Controlled Release	Journal of Controlled Release, 10, 0.51% Journal of Controlled Release 10 citations, 0.51%
Angewandte Chemie - International Edition	Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 10, 0.51% Angewandte Chemie - International Edition 10 citations, 0.51%
Advanced Materials	Advanced Materials, 10, 0.51% Advanced Materials 10 citations, 0.51%
Angewandte Chemie	Angewandte Chemie, 10, 0.51% Angewandte Chemie 10 citations, 0.51%
Advanced Functional Materials	Advanced Functional Materials, 9, 0.46% Advanced Functional Materials 9 citations, 0.46%
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects	Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 9, 0.46% Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 9 citations, 0.46%
Catalysts	Catalysts, 8, 0.41% Catalysts 8 citations, 0.41%
ACS Catalysis	ACS Catalysis, 8, 0.41% ACS Catalysis 8 citations, 0.41%
Nanotoxicology	Nanotoxicology, 8, 0.41% Nanotoxicology 8 citations, 0.41%
Journal of Materials Chemistry B	Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 8, 0.41% Journal of Materials Chemistry B 8 citations, 0.41%
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research	Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 8, 0.41% Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 8 citations, 0.41%
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data	Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 8, 0.41% Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 8 citations, 0.41%
Journal of Materials Chemistry A	Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 8, 0.41% Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8 citations, 0.41%
Journal of Environmental Management	Journal of Environmental Management, 8, 0.41% Journal of Environmental Management 8 citations, 0.41%
TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry	TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 7, 0.35% TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry 7 citations, 0.35%
Journal of Cleaner Production	Journal of Cleaner Production, 7, 0.35% Journal of Cleaner Production 7 citations, 0.35%
Catalysis Science and Technology	Catalysis Science and Technology, 7, 0.35% Catalysis Science and Technology 7 citations, 0.35%
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety	Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 7, 0.35% Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 7 citations, 0.35%
Scientific Reports	Scientific Reports, 7, 0.35% Scientific Reports 7 citations, 0.35%
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews	Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 7, 0.35% Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 7 citations, 0.35%
Applied Catalysis B: Environmental	Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 7, 0.35% Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 7 citations, 0.35%
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology	Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology, 7, 0.35% Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology 7 citations, 0.35%
NanoImpact	NanoImpact, 7, 0.35% NanoImpact 7 citations, 0.35%
Nanomedicine	Nanomedicine, 7, 0.35% Nanomedicine 7 citations, 0.35%
Journal of Chemical Physics	Journal of Chemical Physics, 6, 0.3% Journal of Chemical Physics 6 citations, 0.3%
New Journal of Chemistry	New Journal of Chemistry, 6, 0.3% New Journal of Chemistry 6 citations, 0.3%
Nano Today	Nano Today, 6, 0.3% Nano Today 6 citations, 0.3%
Bioconjugate Chemistry	Bioconjugate Chemistry, 6, 0.3% Bioconjugate Chemistry 6 citations, 0.3%
Nano Letters	Nano Letters, 6, 0.3% Nano Letters 6 citations, 0.3%
Polymers	Polymers, 6, 0.3% Polymers 6 citations, 0.3%
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews	Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 6, 0.3% Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 6 citations, 0.3%
Environmental Sciences: Processes and Impacts	Environmental Sciences: Processes and Impacts, 6, 0.3% Environmental Sciences: Processes and Impacts 6 citations, 0.3%
Energy	Energy, 6, 0.3% Energy 6 citations, 0.3%
Chemistry - A European Journal	Chemistry - A European Journal, 6, 0.3% Chemistry - A European Journal 6 citations, 0.3%
Environmental International	Environmental International, 5, 0.25% Environmental International 5 citations, 0.25%
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry	Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 5, 0.25% Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 5 citations, 0.25%
Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology	Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, 5, 0.25% Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology 5 citations, 0.25%
Nature Communications	Nature Communications, 5, 0.25% Nature Communications 5 citations, 0.25%
Journal of the American Chemical Society	Journal of the American Chemical Society, 5, 0.25% Journal of the American Chemical Society 5 citations, 0.25%
Bioresource Technology	Bioresource Technology, 5, 0.25% Bioresource Technology 5 citations, 0.25%
Journal of Applied Toxicology	Journal of Applied Toxicology, 5, 0.25% Journal of Applied Toxicology 5 citations, 0.25%
Membranes	Membranes, 5, 0.25% Membranes 5 citations, 0.25%
Journal of Surfactants and Detergents	Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 5, 0.25% Journal of Surfactants and Detergents 5 citations, 0.25%
Journal of Physical Chemistry C	Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 5, 0.25% Journal of Physical Chemistry C 5 citations, 0.25%
Energy Conversion and Management	Energy Conversion and Management, 5, 0.25% Energy Conversion and Management 5 citations, 0.25%
Journal of Physical Chemistry B	Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 5, 0.25% Journal of Physical Chemistry B 5 citations, 0.25%
Nanoscale Advances	Nanoscale Advances, 5, 0.25% Nanoscale Advances 5 citations, 0.25%
Sustainability	Sustainability, 5, 0.25% Sustainability 5 citations, 0.25%
Processes	Processes, 5, 0.25% Processes 5 citations, 0.25%
Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters	Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 5, 0.25% Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 5 citations, 0.25%
Aquatic Toxicology	Aquatic Toxicology, 5, 0.25% Aquatic Toxicology 5 citations, 0.25%
Biomacromolecules	Biomacromolecules, 5, 0.25% Biomacromolecules 5 citations, 0.25%
Energies	Energies, 5, 0.25% Energies 5 citations, 0.25%
Journal of Water Process Engineering	Journal of Water Process Engineering, 5, 0.25% Journal of Water Process Engineering 5 citations, 0.25%
Journal of Nanoparticle Research	Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 4, 0.2% Journal of Nanoparticle Research 4 citations, 0.2%
Marine Pollution Bulletin	Marine Pollution Bulletin, 4, 0.2% Marine Pollution Bulletin 4 citations, 0.2%
Nanoscale Horizons	Nanoscale Horizons, 4, 0.2% Nanoscale Horizons 4 citations, 0.2%
Advanced Science	Advanced Science, 4, 0.2% Advanced Science 4 citations, 0.2%
Environmental Research	Environmental Research, 4, 0.2% Environmental Research 4 citations, 0.2%
Chemical Research in Toxicology	Chemical Research in Toxicology, 4, 0.2% Chemical Research in Toxicology 4 citations, 0.2%
Journal of Solution Chemistry	Journal of Solution Chemistry, 4, 0.2% Journal of Solution Chemistry 4 citations, 0.2%
Renewable Energy	Renewable Energy, 4, 0.2% Renewable Energy 4 citations, 0.2%
ACS Sensors	ACS Sensors, 4, 0.2% ACS Sensors 4 citations, 0.2%
Carbohydrate Polymers	Carbohydrate Polymers, 4, 0.2% Carbohydrate Polymers 4 citations, 0.2%
Coordination Chemistry Reviews	Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 4, 0.2% Coordination Chemistry Reviews 4 citations, 0.2%
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry	Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 4, 0.2% Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 4 citations, 0.2%

	20 40 60 80 100 120

Publishers

	2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), 15, 42.86% Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) 15 publications, 42.86%
Elsevier	Elsevier, 11, 31.43% Elsevier 11 publications, 31.43%
American Chemical Society (ACS)	American Chemical Society (ACS), 6, 17.14% American Chemical Society (ACS) 6 publications, 17.14%
Springer Nature	Springer Nature, 1, 2.86% Springer Nature 1 publication, 2.86%
MDPI	MDPI, 1, 2.86% MDPI 1 publication, 2.86%
The Japan Institute of Heterocyclic Chemistry	The Japan Institute of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 1, 2.86% The Japan Institute of Heterocyclic Chemistry 1 publication, 2.86%
	2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Organizations from articles

	2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Technische Universität Dresden	Technische Universität Dresden, 19, 54.29% Technische Universität Dresden 19 publications, 54.29%
University of Bremen	University of Bremen, 16, 45.71% University of Bremen 16 publications, 45.71%
University of Gdańsk	University of Gdańsk, 10, 28.57% University of Gdańsk 10 publications, 28.57%
Gdańsk University of Technology	Gdańsk University of Technology, 9, 25.71% Gdańsk University of Technology 9 publications, 25.71%
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research	Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 3, 8.57% Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research 3 publications, 8.57%
University of Tübingen	University of Tübingen, 2, 5.71% University of Tübingen 2 publications, 5.71%
University of Erlangen–Nuremberg	University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, 2, 5.71% University of Erlangen–Nuremberg 2 publications, 5.71%
University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz	University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 2, 5.71% University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 2 publications, 5.71%
Hochschule Niederrhein	Hochschule Niederrhein, 2, 5.71% Hochschule Niederrhein 2 publications, 5.71%
Organization not defined	Organization not defined, 1, 2.86% Organization not defined 1 publication, 2.86%
Technical University of Munich	Technical University of Munich, 1, 2.86% Technical University of Munich 1 publication, 2.86%
Aalto University	Aalto University, 1, 2.86% Aalto University 1 publication, 2.86%
University of Naples Federico II	University of Naples Federico II, 1, 2.86% University of Naples Federico II 1 publication, 2.86%
Technical University of Denmark	Technical University of Denmark, 1, 2.86% Technical University of Denmark 1 publication, 2.86%
University of Birmingham	University of Birmingham, 1, 2.86% University of Birmingham 1 publication, 2.86%
Monash University	Monash University, 1, 2.86% Monash University 1 publication, 2.86%
Chonbuk National University	Chonbuk National University, 1, 2.86% Chonbuk National University 1 publication, 2.86%
Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy	Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy, 1, 2.86% Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy 1 publication, 2.86%
University of Duisburg-Essen	University of Duisburg-Essen, 1, 2.86% University of Duisburg-Essen 1 publication, 2.86%
Norwegian Geotechnical Institute	Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, 1, 2.86% Norwegian Geotechnical Institute 1 publication, 2.86%
University of Regensburg	University of Regensburg, 1, 2.86% University of Regensburg 1 publication, 2.86%
University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover	University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 1, 2.86% University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover 1 publication, 2.86%
University of Innsbruck	University of Innsbruck, 1, 2.86% University of Innsbruck 1 publication, 2.86%
University of Vienna	University of Vienna, 1, 2.86% University of Vienna 1 publication, 2.86%
Forschungszentrum Jülich	Forschungszentrum Jülich, 1, 2.86% Forschungszentrum Jülich 1 publication, 2.86%
NOVA University Lisbon	NOVA University Lisbon, 1, 2.86% NOVA University Lisbon 1 publication, 2.86%
Silesian University of Technology	Silesian University of Technology, 1, 2.86% Silesian University of Technology 1 publication, 2.86%
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań	Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 1, 2.86% Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań 1 publication, 2.86%
Wrocław University of Science and Technology	Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 1, 2.86% Wrocław University of Science and Technology 1 publication, 2.86%
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences	Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 1, 2.86% Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences 1 publication, 2.86%
Medical University of Gdańsk	Medical University of Gdańsk, 1, 2.86% Medical University of Gdańsk 1 publication, 2.86%
Natural Environment Research Council	Natural Environment Research Council, 1, 2.86% Natural Environment Research Council 1 publication, 2.86%
Université de Lille	Université de Lille, 1, 2.86% Université de Lille 1 publication, 2.86%
University of Artois	University of Artois, 1, 2.86% University of Artois 1 publication, 2.86%

	2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Countries from articles

	5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Germany	Germany, 31, 88.57% Germany 31 publications, 88.57%
Poland	Poland, 18, 51.43% Poland 18 publications, 51.43%
Country not defined	Country not defined, 9, 25.71% Country not defined 9 publications, 25.71%
Austria	Austria, 2, 5.71% Austria 2 publications, 5.71%
France	France, 1, 2.86% France 1 publication, 2.86%
Portugal	Portugal, 1, 2.86% Portugal 1 publication, 2.86%
Australia	Australia, 1, 2.86% Australia 1 publication, 2.86%
United Kingdom	United Kingdom, 1, 2.86% United Kingdom 1 publication, 2.86%
Denmark	Denmark, 1, 2.86% Denmark 1 publication, 2.86%
Italy	Italy, 1, 2.86% Italy 1 publication, 2.86%
Norway	Norway, 1, 2.86% Norway 1 publication, 2.86%
Republic of Korea	Republic of Korea, 1, 2.86% Republic of Korea 1 publication, 2.86%
Finland	Finland, 1, 2.86% Finland 1 publication, 2.86%
	5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Citing organizations

	50 100 150 200 250
Organization not defined	Organization not defined, 211, 10.71% Organization not defined 211 citations, 10.71%
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences	University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 35, 1.78% University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 35 citations, 1.78%
University of Erlangen–Nuremberg	University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, 29, 1.47% University of Erlangen–Nuremberg 29 citations, 1.47%
Forschungszentrum Jülich	Forschungszentrum Jülich, 28, 1.42% Forschungszentrum Jülich 28 citations, 1.42%
University of Gdańsk	University of Gdańsk, 26, 1.32% University of Gdańsk 26 citations, 1.32%
Technische Universität Dresden	Technische Universität Dresden, 25, 1.27% Technische Universität Dresden 25 citations, 1.27%
University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz	University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 25, 1.27% University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 25 citations, 1.27%
University of Birmingham	University of Birmingham, 24, 1.22% University of Birmingham 24 citations, 1.22%
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology	Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 22, 1.12% Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 22 citations, 1.12%
Gdańsk University of Technology	Gdańsk University of Technology, 22, 1.12% Gdańsk University of Technology 22 citations, 1.12%
Xiangtan University	Xiangtan University, 22, 1.12% Xiangtan University 22 citations, 1.12%
Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy	Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy, 21, 1.07% Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy 21 citations, 1.07%
Zhejiang University	Zhejiang University, 19, 0.96% Zhejiang University 19 citations, 0.96%
University of Bremen	University of Bremen, 19, 0.96% University of Bremen 19 citations, 0.96%
Nankai University	Nankai University, 18, 0.91% Nankai University 18 citations, 0.91%
Xi'an Jiaotong University	Xi'an Jiaotong University, 17, 0.86% Xi'an Jiaotong University 17 citations, 0.86%
Hanyang University	Hanyang University, 17, 0.86% Hanyang University 17 citations, 0.86%
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences	Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 17, 0.86% Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 17 citations, 0.86%
Sapienza University of Rome	Sapienza University of Rome, 16, 0.81% Sapienza University of Rome 16 citations, 0.81%
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign	University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 15, 0.76% University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 15 citations, 0.76%
National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences	National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15, 0.76% National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences 15 citations, 0.76%
University of Innsbruck	University of Innsbruck, 15, 0.76% University of Innsbruck 15 citations, 0.76%
Monash University	Monash University, 14, 0.71% Monash University 14 citations, 0.71%
Korea Institute of Science and Technology	Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 13, 0.66% Korea Institute of Science and Technology 13 citations, 0.66%
University of Duisburg-Essen	University of Duisburg-Essen, 13, 0.66% University of Duisburg-Essen 13 citations, 0.66%
Technical University of Munich	Technical University of Munich, 12, 0.61% Technical University of Munich 12 citations, 0.61%
Tianjin University	Tianjin University, 12, 0.61% Tianjin University 12 citations, 0.61%
Korea University	Korea University, 12, 0.61% Korea University 12 citations, 0.61%
Lomonosov Moscow State University	Lomonosov Moscow State University, 11, 0.56% Lomonosov Moscow State University 11 citations, 0.56%
Tsinghua University	Tsinghua University, 11, 0.56% Tsinghua University 11 citations, 0.56%
Aalto University	Aalto University, 11, 0.56% Aalto University 11 citations, 0.56%
Nanyang Technological University	Nanyang Technological University, 11, 0.56% Nanyang Technological University 11 citations, 0.56%
Technical University of Denmark	Technical University of Denmark, 11, 0.56% Technical University of Denmark 11 citations, 0.56%
University of Melbourne	University of Melbourne, 11, 0.56% University of Melbourne 11 citations, 0.56%
University of Porto	University of Porto, 11, 0.56% University of Porto 11 citations, 0.56%
N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences	N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10, 0.51% N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences 10 citations, 0.51%
Sichuan University	Sichuan University, 10, 0.51% Sichuan University 10 citations, 0.51%
Nanjing University	Nanjing University, 10, 0.51% Nanjing University 10 citations, 0.51%
China Agricultural University	China Agricultural University, 10, 0.51% China Agricultural University 10 citations, 0.51%
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology	Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 10, 0.51% Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology 10 citations, 0.51%
Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology	Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 10, 0.51% Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology 10 citations, 0.51%
Vienna University of Technology	Vienna University of Technology, 10, 0.51% Vienna University of Technology 10 citations, 0.51%
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna	University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, 10, 0.51% University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna 10 citations, 0.51%
University College Dublin	University College Dublin, 10, 0.51% University College Dublin 10 citations, 0.51%
Peking University	Peking University, 9, 0.46% Peking University 9 citations, 0.46%
Shanghai Jiao Tong University	Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 9, 0.46% Shanghai Jiao Tong University 9 citations, 0.46%
East China University of Science and Technology	East China University of Science and Technology, 9, 0.46% East China University of Science and Technology 9 citations, 0.46%
University of Pisa	University of Pisa, 9, 0.46% University of Pisa 9 citations, 0.46%
Regina Elena National Cancer Institute	Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 9, 0.46% Regina Elena National Cancer Institute 9 citations, 0.46%
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology	Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, 9, 0.46% Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology 9 citations, 0.46%
Shandong University	Shandong University, 9, 0.46% Shandong University 9 citations, 0.46%
Zhengzhou University	Zhengzhou University, 9, 0.46% Zhengzhou University 9 citations, 0.46%
Newcastle University	Newcastle University, 9, 0.46% Newcastle University 9 citations, 0.46%
Centre for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials	Centre for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials, 9, 0.46% Centre for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials 9 citations, 0.46%
University of Aveiro	University of Aveiro, 9, 0.46% University of Aveiro 9 citations, 0.46%
Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences	Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 9, 0.46% Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 9 citations, 0.46%
Boreskov Institute of Catalysis of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Boreskov Institute of Catalysis of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, 0.41% Boreskov Institute of Catalysis of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 8 citations, 0.41%
King Saud University	King Saud University, 8, 0.41% King Saud University 8 citations, 0.41%
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi	Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, 8, 0.41% Indian Institute of Technology Delhi 8 citations, 0.41%
Fudan University	Fudan University, 8, 0.41% Fudan University 8 citations, 0.41%
Tongji University	Tongji University, 8, 0.41% Tongji University 8 citations, 0.41%
Chalmers University of Technology	Chalmers University of Technology, 8, 0.41% Chalmers University of Technology 8 citations, 0.41%
Karolinska Institute	Karolinska Institute, 8, 0.41% Karolinska Institute 8 citations, 0.41%
University of Bayreuth	University of Bayreuth, 8, 0.41% University of Bayreuth 8 citations, 0.41%
Free University of Berlin	Free University of Berlin, 8, 0.41% Free University of Berlin 8 citations, 0.41%
University of New South Wales	University of New South Wales, 8, 0.41% University of New South Wales 8 citations, 0.41%
University of Manchester	University of Manchester, 8, 0.41% University of Manchester 8 citations, 0.41%
National University of Singapore	National University of Singapore, 8, 0.41% National University of Singapore 8 citations, 0.41%
National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology	National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, 8, 0.41% National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology 8 citations, 0.41%
University of Queensland	University of Queensland, 8, 0.41% University of Queensland 8 citations, 0.41%
Friedrich Schiller University Jena	Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 8, 0.41% Friedrich Schiller University Jena 8 citations, 0.41%
Kyoto University	Kyoto University, 8, 0.41% Kyoto University 8 citations, 0.41%
Philipps University of Marburg	Philipps University of Marburg, 8, 0.41% Philipps University of Marburg 8 citations, 0.41%
University of Rostock	University of Rostock, 8, 0.41% University of Rostock 8 citations, 0.41%
Leuphana University of Lüneburg	Leuphana University of Lüneburg, 8, 0.41% Leuphana University of Lüneburg 8 citations, 0.41%
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań	Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 8, 0.41% Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań 8 citations, 0.41%
Poznań University of Technology	Poznań University of Technology, 8, 0.41% Poznań University of Technology 8 citations, 0.41%
Wrocław University of Science and Technology	Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 8, 0.41% Wrocław University of Science and Technology 8 citations, 0.41%
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1	Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 8, 0.41% Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 8 citations, 0.41%
King Abdulaziz University	King Abdulaziz University, 7, 0.36% King Abdulaziz University 7 citations, 0.36%
Beihang University	Beihang University, 7, 0.36% Beihang University 7 citations, 0.36%
Northwestern Polytechnical University	Northwestern Polytechnical University, 7, 0.36% Northwestern Polytechnical University 7 citations, 0.36%
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne	École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 7, 0.36% École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne 7 citations, 0.36%
University of Helsinki	University of Helsinki, 7, 0.36% University of Helsinki 7 citations, 0.36%
Beijing University of Chemical Technology	Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 7, 0.36% Beijing University of Chemical Technology 7 citations, 0.36%
Southwest University	Southwest University, 7, 0.36% Southwest University 7 citations, 0.36%
University of Fribourg	University of Fribourg, 7, 0.36% University of Fribourg 7 citations, 0.36%
University of Perugia	University of Perugia, 7, 0.36% University of Perugia 7 citations, 0.36%
North-West University	North-West University, 7, 0.36% North-West University 7 citations, 0.36%
Seoul National University	Seoul National University, 7, 0.36% Seoul National University 7 citations, 0.36%
Kyung Hee University	Kyung Hee University, 7, 0.36% Kyung Hee University 7 citations, 0.36%
Pohang University of Science and Technology	Pohang University of Science and Technology, 7, 0.36% Pohang University of Science and Technology 7 citations, 0.36%
Chonbuk National University	Chonbuk National University, 7, 0.36% Chonbuk National University 7 citations, 0.36%
University of California, Berkeley	University of California, Berkeley, 7, 0.36% University of California, Berkeley 7 citations, 0.36%
Dublin City University	Dublin City University, 7, 0.36% Dublin City University 7 citations, 0.36%
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research	Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 7, 0.36% Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research 7 citations, 0.36%
McGill University	McGill University, 7, 0.36% McGill University 7 citations, 0.36%
University of British Columbia	University of British Columbia, 7, 0.36% University of British Columbia 7 citations, 0.36%
Hamburg University	Hamburg University, 7, 0.36% Hamburg University 7 citations, 0.36%
Leiden University	Leiden University, 7, 0.36% Leiden University 7 citations, 0.36%

	50 100 150 200 250

Citing countries

	50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
China	China, 488, 24.76% China 488 citations, 24.76%
Germany	Germany, 248, 12.58% Germany 248 citations, 12.58%
USA	USA, 222, 11.26% USA 222 citations, 11.26%
Country not defined	Country not defined, 197, 9.99% Country not defined 197 citations, 9.99%
India	India, 151, 7.66% India 151 citations, 7.66%
Italy	Italy, 120, 6.09% Italy 120 citations, 6.09%
United Kingdom	United Kingdom, 118, 5.99% United Kingdom 118 citations, 5.99%
Poland	Poland, 101, 5.12% Poland 101 citations, 5.12%
Spain	Spain, 98, 4.97% Spain 98 citations, 4.97%
Republic of Korea	Republic of Korea, 93, 4.72% Republic of Korea 93 citations, 4.72%
Australia	Australia, 59, 2.99% Australia 59 citations, 2.99%
France	France, 57, 2.89% France 57 citations, 2.89%
Canada	Canada, 51, 2.59% Canada 51 citations, 2.59%
Austria	Austria, 47, 2.38% Austria 47 citations, 2.38%
Russia	Russia, 46, 2.33% Russia 46 citations, 2.33%
Brazil	Brazil, 41, 2.08% Brazil 41 citations, 2.08%
Sweden	Sweden, 39, 1.98% Sweden 39 citations, 1.98%
Saudi Arabia	Saudi Arabia, 33, 1.67% Saudi Arabia 33 citations, 1.67%
Japan	Japan, 33, 1.67% Japan 33 citations, 1.67%
Portugal	Portugal, 30, 1.52% Portugal 30 citations, 1.52%
Netherlands	Netherlands, 29, 1.47% Netherlands 29 citations, 1.47%
South Africa	South Africa, 29, 1.47% South Africa 29 citations, 1.47%
Iran	Iran, 28, 1.42% Iran 28 citations, 1.42%
Pakistan	Pakistan, 28, 1.42% Pakistan 28 citations, 1.42%
Switzerland	Switzerland, 27, 1.37% Switzerland 27 citations, 1.37%
Finland	Finland, 24, 1.22% Finland 24 citations, 1.22%
Denmark	Denmark, 23, 1.17% Denmark 23 citations, 1.17%
Ireland	Ireland, 23, 1.17% Ireland 23 citations, 1.17%
Egypt	Egypt, 22, 1.12% Egypt 22 citations, 1.12%
Czech Republic	Czech Republic, 20, 1.01% Czech Republic 20 citations, 1.01%
Singapore	Singapore, 19, 0.96% Singapore 19 citations, 0.96%
Turkey	Turkey, 18, 0.91% Turkey 18 citations, 0.91%
Malaysia	Malaysia, 17, 0.86% Malaysia 17 citations, 0.86%
Belgium	Belgium, 13, 0.66% Belgium 13 citations, 0.66%
Croatia	Croatia, 12, 0.61% Croatia 12 citations, 0.61%
Argentina	Argentina, 10, 0.51% Argentina 10 citations, 0.51%
Mexico	Mexico, 10, 0.51% Mexico 10 citations, 0.51%
Jordan	Jordan, 9, 0.46% Jordan 9 citations, 0.46%
Norway	Norway, 9, 0.46% Norway 9 citations, 0.46%
Greece	Greece, 8, 0.41% Greece 8 citations, 0.41%
Iraq	Iraq, 8, 0.41% Iraq 8 citations, 0.41%
Cyprus	Cyprus, 7, 0.36% Cyprus 7 citations, 0.36%
UAE	UAE, 7, 0.36% UAE 7 citations, 0.36%
Colombia	Colombia, 6, 0.3% Colombia 6 citations, 0.3%
Estonia	Estonia, 5, 0.25% Estonia 5 citations, 0.25%
Bangladesh	Bangladesh, 5, 0.25% Bangladesh 5 citations, 0.25%
Vietnam	Vietnam, 5, 0.25% Vietnam 5 citations, 0.25%
Israel	Israel, 5, 0.25% Israel 5 citations, 0.25%
Romania	Romania, 5, 0.25% Romania 5 citations, 0.25%
Serbia	Serbia, 5, 0.25% Serbia 5 citations, 0.25%
Thailand	Thailand, 5, 0.25% Thailand 5 citations, 0.25%
Qatar	Qatar, 4, 0.2% Qatar 4 citations, 0.2%
New Zealand	New Zealand, 4, 0.2% New Zealand 4 citations, 0.2%
Ecuador	Ecuador, 4, 0.2% Ecuador 4 citations, 0.2%
Ukraine	Ukraine, 3, 0.15% Ukraine 3 citations, 0.15%
Algeria	Algeria, 3, 0.15% Algeria 3 citations, 0.15%
Armenia	Armenia, 3, 0.15% Armenia 3 citations, 0.15%
Hungary	Hungary, 3, 0.15% Hungary 3 citations, 0.15%
Nigeria	Nigeria, 3, 0.15% Nigeria 3 citations, 0.15%
Slovenia	Slovenia, 3, 0.15% Slovenia 3 citations, 0.15%
Tunisia	Tunisia, 3, 0.15% Tunisia 3 citations, 0.15%
Philippines	Philippines, 3, 0.15% Philippines 3 citations, 0.15%
Chile	Chile, 3, 0.15% Chile 3 citations, 0.15%
Bulgaria	Bulgaria, 2, 0.1% Bulgaria 2 citations, 0.1%
Botswana	Botswana, 2, 0.1% Botswana 2 citations, 0.1%
Indonesia	Indonesia, 2, 0.1% Indonesia 2 citations, 0.1%
Lithuania	Lithuania, 2, 0.1% Lithuania 2 citations, 0.1%
Trinidad and Tobago	Trinidad and Tobago, 2, 0.1% Trinidad and Tobago 2 citations, 0.1%
Sri Lanka	Sri Lanka, 2, 0.1% Sri Lanka 2 citations, 0.1%
Kazakhstan	Kazakhstan, 1, 0.05% Kazakhstan 1 citation, 0.05%
Azerbaijan	Azerbaijan, 1, 0.05% Azerbaijan 1 citation, 0.05%
Antigua and Barbuda	Antigua and Barbuda, 1, 0.05% Antigua and Barbuda 1 citation, 0.05%
Venezuela	Venezuela, 1, 0.05% Venezuela 1 citation, 0.05%
Ghana	Ghana, 1, 0.05% Ghana 1 citation, 0.05%
Zambia	Zambia, 1, 0.05% Zambia 1 citation, 0.05%
Kenya	Kenya, 1, 0.05% Kenya 1 citation, 0.05%
Cuba	Cuba, 1, 0.05% Cuba 1 citation, 0.05%
Kuwait	Kuwait, 1, 0.05% Kuwait 1 citation, 0.05%
Latvia	Latvia, 1, 0.05% Latvia 1 citation, 0.05%
Luxembourg	Luxembourg, 1, 0.05% Luxembourg 1 citation, 0.05%
Morocco	Morocco, 1, 0.05% Morocco 1 citation, 0.05%
Moldova	Moldova, 1, 0.05% Moldova 1 citation, 0.05%
Oman	Oman, 1, 0.05% Oman 1 citation, 0.05%
Peru	Peru, 1, 0.05% Peru 1 citation, 0.05%
Puerto Rico	Puerto Rico, 1, 0.05% Puerto Rico 1 citation, 0.05%
Slovakia	Slovakia, 1, 0.05% Slovakia 1 citation, 0.05%
Sudan	Sudan, 1, 0.05% Sudan 1 citation, 0.05%
Tanzania	Tanzania, 1, 0.05% Tanzania 1 citation, 0.05%
Uzbekistan	Uzbekistan, 1, 0.05% Uzbekistan 1 citation, 0.05%
Ethiopia	Ethiopia, 1, 0.05% Ethiopia 1 citation, 0.05%
Jamaica	Jamaica, 1, 0.05% Jamaica 1 citation, 0.05%
Taiwan	Taiwan, 1, 0.05% Taiwan 1 citation, 0.05%

	50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

We do not take into account publications without a DOI.
Statistics recalculated daily.

Data by ORCID

0000-0003-4861-0636

Environmental Science & Technology (2)