α-Glucosidase inhibition activity and in silico study of 2-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one, a synthetic derivative of flavone

A synthetic flavone derivative 2-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one (BDC) was synthesized by the one pot reaction method and assessed for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The BDC demonstrated dose dependent inhibition of α-glucosidase activity. A maximum inhibition (99.3 ± 0.26%) of α-glucosidase was observed at 27.6 µM. The maximum α-glucosidase inhibitory activity depicted by BDC 27.6 µM concentration was 22.4 fold over the maximum inhibition observed with acarbose (97.72 ± 0.59% at 669.57 µM), a standard commercial anti-diabetic drug. In contrast to acarbose that depicted competitive type inhibition, kinetic studies of α-glucosidase inhibition by BDC demonstrated non-competitive inhibition with Km of 0.71 mM-1 and a Vmax of 0.028 mmol/min. In silico studies suggest allosteric interaction of BDC with α-glucosidase at a minimum binding energy (ΔG) of -8.64 kcal/mol and Ki of 465.3 nM, whereas, acarbose interacted at the active site of α-glucosidase with ΔG of -9.23 kcal/mol and Ki of 172 nM. Thus BDC significantly inhibited α-glucosidase in comparison to acarbose. Moreover, BDC has been endorsed for drug likeness by evaluating it as per Lipinski rule of five. Thus, BDC can be a lead compound for the management of type-2 diabetes mellitus.