Scientific Research Laboratory for the Study of Climate and Ecosystems of the Northern regions
Publications
60
Citations
821
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The laboratory team conducts research in the field of studying the current climate of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, observed and predicted climatic changes, as well as the reflection of these changes in the state of permafrost ecosystems, upper horizons of the cryolithozone, the intensity of biogeochemical cycles and emissions of climatically active gases. The laboratory's area of interest also includes issues of the formation of the microclimate of settlements in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, including small rural settlements, circulation processes in the atmosphere of the Northern Hemisphere and their role in the occurrence of dangerous meteorological phenomena.
- Analysis of Earth remote sensing data
- Statistical analysis
- Analysis of climate modeling data
- Instrumental microclimatic observations
Nikita Tananaev
Head of Laboratory
Research directions
Climatic changes and degradation of the cryolithozone in the northern regions of the Russian Federation
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The project is aimed at studying the regional features of climate change in the northern regions, and creating a theoretical and material base for informed decision-making in the development and application of effective adaptation strategies. The model region is the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the largest northern region of Russia, characterized by specific natural and climatic conditions. The project is aimed at studying a complex of problems related to the manifestations of modern climate change in Yakutia, including the analysis of current trends in climate change, the preparation of projections of the future climate and a comprehensive assessment of the effects of climate change on the economy of the republic
Publications and patents
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Tananaev N.I.
Future climate projections based on multi-model ensemble approach are seen as more reliable, but not all models are equally performant at reproducing climate features at a regional scale. An optimal regional GCM ensemble was developed for Sakha (Yakutia) Republic based on error statistics and spatial correlation metrics. Historical Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, version 6 (CMIP6) simulations from 48 global climate models (GCMs) were used to evaluate model quality compared to mean annual air temperature (MAAT) reanalysis data for 1961–1990, 1971–2000 and 1981–2010 reference periods, and the MAAT change between 1961-1990 and 1981–2010, ΔT81-61. The best-performing reanalysis, GHCN-CAMS, was validated using observational data. This five-member ensemble includes CESM2-WACCM, CMCC-ESM2, CNRM-CM6-1-HR, INM-CM5-0, MPI-ESM1-2-HR models, weighted by Pearson's coefficient of spatial correlation between observed and modeled ΔT81-61 fields. Model weighting based on spatial correlation metrics improved the performance of the developed multi-model regional ensemble, which can be used in projecting future climate under different climate change scenarios.
Savvinova A.N., Gavrilyeva T.N., Parfenova O.T., Filippova V.V., Tananaev N.I.
Floods are the most destructive natural disaster. Due to predicted climate change, hydrological risks will increase in the North and the Arctic, which makes residents of these regions vulnerable. The population of flood-prone areas is aware of the potential flooding, but is not always prepared for it, just like the management system. The article presents the results of a survey conducted in eight settlements of Yakutia previously affected by floods, half of which are located in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The researchers reveal that the perception of hydrological risks by the population is influenced by the amount of damage suffered during the last flood, and the assessment of the effectiveness of various levels of management during the flood and at the recovery stage is influenced by the amount and form of its compensation.
Soldatova E.A., Sidkina E.S., Kiriukhin B.A., Maximov P.N., Krivenok L.A., Ivanov V., Tananaev N.I.
Link for citation: Soldatova E.A., Sidkina E.S., Kiriukhin B.A., Maximov P.N., Krivenok L.A., Ivanov V., Tananaev N.I. Geochemical conditions of Sullar spring: formation of authigenic minerals and methane fluxes. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 10, рр. 16-33. In Rus.
Relevance and the research object. Interpermafrost aquifers and areas of their discharge with seasonal ice covers are special permafrost-hydrogeological and hydrochemical systems that are not typical for the thick continuous permafrost zone of Central Yakutia. Differences in chlorofluorocarbon content indicate the anaerobic conditions of some springs suggesting microbial degradation of these compounds by methanogenic bacteria. In the discharge area of such springs, a sharp change in the geochemical conditions takes place leading to a transformation in the water chemical composition and boosting the processes of authigenic mineral formation in this buffer area. In current work we considered the geochemical system of the Sullar spring – the most northern and the least studied among interpermafrost groundwater discharge zones of the Lena River right bank. Intensive accumulation of authigenic minerals was found in the Sullar discharge area during field research. It was Fe compounds with bacterial mats as an opalescent film. Some researchers state the connection between the transformation of Fe compounds during permafrost melting and the migration and transformation of organic matter, including its consumption by microorganisms with further methane emission. We assumed that there is a relationship between the authigenic mineral formation and the content and emission of methane in the discharge area of the spring. This research is the first comprehensive description of the hydrochemistry of the interpermafrost water of the Sullar spring. The aim of the research was to explore influence of geochemical conditions and microbial communities on formation of authigenic minerals and methane fluxes, in particular the effect of the change of geochemical conditions due to groundwater discharge on Fe precipitation and to analyze the relation of that process with methane fluxes. For this purpose, we study water chemical composition of the Sullar spring, measure methane fluxes from water surface and analyze mineral and microbial composition of secondary mineral crusts and bottom eluvium collected near water sampling points. Methods. The main element content was determined by ion chromatography. The concentrations of the bicarbonate ion and dissolved carbon dioxide were calculated by the equilibrium modeling method based on the pH and Eh values of the system. The content of trace elements was measured by mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. To identify seasonal and annual variability, a retrospective analysis of the water chemical composition of the Sullar spring for the period from 1962 to 2020 was carried out. Methane fluxes were measured using the chamber method. The methane concentration was determined by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. The features of the secondary mineral crusts and bottom eluvium were determined using a petrographic microscope. The chemical composition of individual mineral phases was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope equipped with a detector for energy dispersive X-ray spectral microanalysis. The DNA concentration was measured on a fluorimeter. Amplicon libraries were generated by polymer chain reaction with universal primers for the V4 region. Equilibrium modeling was carried out using the HCh software.
Seppey C.V., Cabrol L., Thalasso F., Gandois L., Lavergne C., Martinez‐Cruz K., Sepulveda‐Jauregui A., Aguilar‐Muñoz P., Astorga‐España M.S., Chamy R., Dellagnezze B.M., Etchebehere C., Fochesatto G.J., Gerardo‐Nieto O., Mansilla A., et. al.
AbstractMethane‐cycling is becoming more important in high‐latitude ecosystems as global warming makes permafrost organic carbon increasingly available. We explored 387 samples from three high‐latitudes regions (Siberia, Alaska and Patagonia) focusing on mineral/organic soils (wetlands, peatlands, forest), lake/pond sediment and water. Physicochemical, climatic and geographic variables were integrated with 16S rDNA amplicon sequences to determine the structure of the overall microbial communities and of specific methanogenic and methanotrophic guilds. Physicochemistry (especially pH) explained the largest proportion of variation in guild composition, confirming species sorting (i.e., environmental filtering) as a key mechanism in microbial assembly. Geographic distance impacted more strongly beta diversity for (i) methanogens and methanotrophs than the overall prokaryotes and, (ii) the sediment habitat, suggesting that dispersal limitation contributed to shape the communities of methane‐cycling microorganisms. Bioindicator taxa characterising different ecological niches (i.e., specific combinations of geographic, climatic and physicochemical variables) were identified, highlighting the importance of Methanoregula as generalist methanogens. Methylocystis and Methylocapsa were key methanotrophs in low pH niches while Methylobacter and Methylomonadaceae in neutral environments. This work gives insight into the present and projected distribution of methane‐cycling microbes at high latitudes under climate change predictions, which is crucial for constraining their impact on greenhouse gas budgets.
Kirillina K., Tananaev N., Savvinova A., Lobanov V., Fedorova A., Borisov A.
Winter roads, or zimnik, serve as major connections between communities across the global Arctic, including Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Although accessible to general public, winter roads in remote regions are primarily used by indigenous communities. Sustainability of winter roads is reduced by climate change effects, via shorter and milder winters, extended shoulder seasons, delayed freeze up and advanced ice break up on rivers used as ice roads. We review the observed and projected change in mean monthly air temperatures, MMAT, °C, during cold season in six localities of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, important residence areas of the indigenous peoples of the North. In observed MMAT records, only North-Western Yakutia hasn’t experienced significant warming. In other localities, a significant step-shift change is observed in months from March to June, and at several stations, also in October and November. Under future climate, assessed with a regional ensemble of global climate models, projected change is expected in core winter months, November to February. In the near future, 2021–2050 period, increase in MMAT is expected mostly in December and January, with only minor increase in shoulder seasons, except in southern Yakutia. In the far future, 2071–2100, only under optimistic SSP 1–2.6 scenario the MMAT change is contained within +3.5 °C, and even in this case, April MMAT increases above −2°C at stations in southern Yakutia. Under SSP 5–8.5 scenario, highest MMAT increase, up to over +12 °C, is projected in the Yakutian Arctic from December to February. In southern Yakutia, both October and April MMAT around or above 0 °C are projected. Winter Road Sustainability Index is assessed based on observed and projected climate. Over northern Yakutia, higher MMAT in core winter months suggest reduced ice thickness on rivers, but overall climate severity allows sustainable winter road operations throughout the season even under high emission scenarios. In the near future, only winter road operations around Tyanya, in the Evenki residence area, become moderately affected under most SSP scenarios. In the far future, winter road operations around Tyanya, Ust-Maya and Neryungri, also Evenki residence area, become highly vulnerable under most scenarios. Practical implications include institutional response, transport system adaptation, adjustment of road maintenance protocols, and reconsidering local production.
Barret M., Gandois L., Thalasso F., Martinez Cruz K., Sepulveda Jauregui A., Lavergne C., Teisserenc R., Aguilar P., Gerardo Nieto O., Etchebehere C., Martins Dellagnezze B., Bovio Winkler P., Fochesatto G.J., Tananaev N., Svenning M.M., et. al.
High latitudes are experiencing intense ecosystem changes with climate warming. The underlying methane (CH4) cycling dynamics remain unresolved, despite its crucial climatic feedback. Atmospheric CH4 emissions are heterogeneous, resulting from local geochemical drivers, global climatic factors, and microbial production/consumption balance. Holistic studies are mandatory to capture CH4 cycling complexity. Here, we report a large set of integrated microbial and biogeochemical data from 387 samples, using a concerted sampling strategy and experimental protocols. The study followed international standards to ensure inter-comparisons of data amongst three high-latitude regions: Alaska, Siberia, and Patagonia. The dataset encompasses different representative environmental features (e.g. lake, wetland, tundra, forest soil) of these high-latitude sites and their respective heterogeneity (e.g. characteristic microtopographic patterns). The data included physicochemical parameters, greenhouse gas concentrations and emissions, organic matter characterization, trace elements and nutrients, isotopes, microbial quantification and composition. This dataset addresses the need for a robust physicochemical framework to conduct and contextualize future research on the interactions between climate change, biogeochemical cycles and microbial communities at high-latitudes.
Lindén E., te Beest M., Abreu I.N., Moritz T., Sundqvist M.K., Barrio I.C., Boike J., Bryant J.P., Bråthen K.A., Buchwal A., Bueno C.G., Cuerrier A., Egelkraut D.D., Forbes B.C., Hallinger M., et. al.
Araujo B.F., Osterwalder S., Szponar N., Lee D., Petrova M.V., Pernov J.B., Ahmed S., Heimbürger-Boavida L., Laffont L., Teisserenc R., Tananaev N., Nordstrom C., Magand O., Stupple G., Skov H., et. al.
During Arctic springtime, halogen radicals oxidize atmospheric elemental mercury (Hg0), which deposits to the cryosphere. This is followed by a summertime atmospheric Hg0 peak that is thought to result mostly from terrestrial Hg inputs to the Arctic Ocean, followed by photoreduction and emission to air. The large terrestrial Hg contribution to the Arctic Ocean and global atmosphere has raised concern over the potential release of permafrost Hg, via rivers and coastal erosion, with Arctic warming. Here we investigate Hg isotope variability of Arctic atmospheric, marine, and terrestrial Hg. We observe highly characteristic Hg isotope signatures during the summertime peak that reflect re-emission of Hg deposited to the cryosphere during spring. Air mass back trajectories support a cryospheric Hg emission source but no major terrestrial source. This implies that terrestrial Hg inputs to the Arctic Ocean remain in the marine ecosystem, without substantial loss to the global atmosphere, but with possible effects on food webs. Arctic warming thaws permafrost, leading to enhanced soil mercury transport to the Arctic Ocean. Mercury isotope signatures in arctic rivers, ocean and atmosphere suggest that permafrost mercury is buried in marine sediment and not emitted to the global atmosphere
Tananaev N., Lotsari E.
This paper discusses the potential response of fluvial processes and landforms to the projected permafrost degradation and related hydrological change . Fluvial system structure is presented in the first section of the paper along with permafrost controls over its functioning, which vary across fluvial system compartments. The distinction is drawn between primarily fluvial landforms that are expected to adjust to future hydrology with less permafrost constraints, and primarily cryogenic landforms evolving in line with permafrost disturbances. The influence of permafrost on fluvial action varies across compartments: on hillslopes , permafrost mostly controls the occurrence of surface runoff, in river valleys and channels, sediment erodibility , while thermal interaction is essential for growing thermo-erosional gullies. Observed and projected changes in permafrost and hydrology are outlined, and their relevance for cryo-fluvial evolution of fluvial systems is reviewed. Based on these projections, future changes in fluvial action in each compartment are discussed. On hillslopes, where permafrost exerts important controls on hillslope hydrology, fluvial activity of overland flow is expected to decrease following the active layer deepening and decreased overland flow duration. In erosional networks, controlled by thermal interaction between runoff and permafrost terrain, higher water temperature is expected to increase the occurrence and rates of thermo-erosional gully development. In river valleys and channels, where permafrost controls the erodibility of bed and bank material, the expected fluvial feedbacks vary across scales and stream orders, and include changes in seasonality of channel deformations, increased retreat rates in lower river banks and decreased, in higher banks, along with floodplain subsidence , and minor potential for complete destabilization of existing channel patterns. Future collateral effects of fluvial change include alterations of terrestrial biogeochemical cycles and societal impact that must be accounted for in climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies.
Tananaev N.
Major ions, stable isotopes, and trace elements, including rare earth elements (REEs), are used as natural tracers in the qualitative assessment of potential water sources in lakes and rivers of the upper Yana River basin, between Verkhoyansk and Chersky Ranges, during the late summer period. Three distinct regions were sampled, and a dominant water source in each region was qualitatively inferred from water chemistry data. The REE distribution pattern was found to be highly regional and controlled by pH and carbonate contents. Mountain headwater stream at the Verkhoyansk Range north slope, the Dulgalakh River, shows an input from a mixture of shallow groundwater and icing meltwater, with a depleted isotopic signature (δ18O below –21‰), d-excess (dex = δ2H − 8·δ18O) above 18, enrichment in Mg and Sr, and depletion in heavy REEs. The Derbeke Depression lakes and streams are fed by rainfall having ultra-low total dissolved solids (TDS) content, below 25 mg/L, and a convex-up REE pattern. In a medium mountainous river at the Chersky Range flank, the Dogdo River, leaching through fissured Jurassic carbonates is a dominant runoff pathway. Riverine water is heavily depleted in light REEs, but enriched in Mo, Rb, Sb, W and U. In the Dulgalakh River water, high positive Sm and Gd anomalies were observed, attributed either to local geology (greenshists), historical mining legacy, or contemporary winter road operations.
Cherbunina M.Y., Karaevskaya E.S., Vasil’chuk Y.K., Tananaev N.I., Shmelev D.G., Budantseva N.A., Merkel A.Y., Rakitin A.L., Mardanov A.V., Brouchkov A.V., Bulat S.A.
Biotracers marking the geologic history and permafrost evolution in Central Yakutia, including Yedoma Ice Complex (IC) deposits, were identified in a multiproxy analysis of water chemistry, isotopic signatures, and microbial datasets. The key study sections were the Mamontova Gora and Syrdakh exposures, well covered in the literature. In the Mamontova Gora section, two distinct IC strata with massive ice wedges were described and sampled, the upper and lower IC strata, while previously published studies focused only on the lower IC horizon. Our results suggest that these two IC horizons differ in water origin of wedge ice and in their cryogenic evolution, evidenced by the differences in their chemistry, water isotopic signatures and the microbial community compositions. Microbial community similarity between ground ice and host deposits is shown to be a proxy for syngenetic deposition and freezing. High community similarity indicates syngenetic formation of ice wedges and host deposits of the lower IC horizon at the Mamontova Gora exposure. The upper IC horizon in this exposure has much lower similarity metrics between ice wedge and host sediments, and we suggest epigenetic ice wedge development in this stratum. We found a certain correspondence between the water origin and the degree of evaporative transformation in ice wedges and the microbial community composition, notably, the presence of Chloroflexia bacteria, represented by Gitt-GS-136 and KD4-96 classes. These bacteria are absent at the ice wedges of lower IC stratum at Mamontova Gora originating from snowmelt, but are abundant in the Syrdakh ice wedges, where the meltwater underwent evaporative isotopical fractionation. Minor evaporative transformation of water in the upper IC horizon of Mamontova Gora, whose ice wedges formed by meltwater that was additionally fractionated corresponds with moderate abundance of these classes in its bacterial community.
Chesnokova I.V., Bezdelova A.P., Sergeev D.O., Tananaev N.I., Grishakina E.A.
The subsurface runoff in the permafrost zone shows considerable structural and seasonal specifics. The structural features are due, on the one hand, to the lithologically determined permeable zones of rock massifs and, on the other hand, the permeability governed by lithology. This permeability is a seasonal factor of water flow from the territory, and now it is the focus of studies in various aspects. The structural character is determined by the history of its geological and geocryological development: the runoff structures are most often inherited by the position of rocks of coarser lithological composition or features associated with former geocryological processes (fracturing, formation of cryogenic textures, local thermokarst, etc.). The spatial heterogeneity of the above-permafrost runoff was studied in the European North and in the mountains of the Northern Transbaikalia.
Gandois L., Tananaev N.I., Prokushkin A., Solnyshkin I., Teisserenc R.
Intense climate change and permafrost degradation impact northern watersheds and ultimately organic carbon transfer from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems. We investigated the contemporary dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics in a northern catchment underlain by discontinuous permafrost (Graviyka River, northern Siberia), where historical meteorological and hydrological data are available since 1936. Mean annual air temperature (MAAT), in contrast to precipitation and discharge was found to show a significant increasing trend since 1950. Using in situ sensing of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM), we estimated DOC concentrations at a high temporal frequency (1h) during 3 years (2015ŌĆō2018), and calculated annual specific fluxes of 5.2ŌĆō5.5 g C m2 yrŌłÆ1. High DOC concentrations (above 10 mg LŌłÆ1) are sustained all year, exhibiting nearly chemostatic behavior. Nevertheless, the high-frequency survey of DOC and other water parameters revealed the seasonality of DOC origin and pathways in the watershed. The spring freshet dominates the annual export (up to 80%), but summer and autumn floods can also contribute up to 9% and 8% respectively. The high-frequency sampling was able to capture the specific dynamic of DOC concentration during spring flood (DOC peak preceding discharge, dilution during the spring freshet) and summer and autumn floods (contribution of DOC-rich, low conductivity water). These observations suggest a significant contribution of organic-rich water originating in peatlands, potentially from degrading palsas. The study demonstrates both that high-frequency sampling is essential to capture key events for DOC export, and that more long-term monitoring is urgently needed in these rapidly evolving watersheds.
Тананаев Н.И., Чербунина М.Ю.
Тананаев Н.И., Котов П.И.
2022
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2023
| Тананаев Никита Иванович
Lab address
Якутск, ул. Белинского, 58
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