Uimin, Mikhail A

Perov D.V., Korkh Y.V., Kuznetsov E.A., Nemytova O.V., Rinkevich A.B., Uimin M.A., Konev A.S.

Ilves V.G., Balezin M.E., Sokovnin S.Y., Korusenko P.M., Zuev M.G., Uimin M.A.

Demin A.M., Vakhrushev A.V., Pershina A.G., Syomchina A.A., Efimova L.V., Karabanalov M.S., Uimin M.A., Byzov I.V., Minin A.S., Krasnov V.P.

The purpose of this research is to design nanocomposite materials for biomedical applications. New conjugates of PEG derivatives of RGD peptides and magnetic nanoparticles, based on Fe3O4 (MNPs) with silica coating covalently labelled with fluorescent dye Cyanine5, were obtained. It was shown that a higher loading level of RGD peptides occurred in the case of MNPs with SiO2/aminopropylsilane coating, synthesised using N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid (PMIDA) as a surfactant. To confirm the structure and chemical purity of the new RGD-PEG conjugate, a number of methods were used, including 1H NMR, HRMS, and RP-HPLC. The characterisation of MNPs was carried out using the following physical methods: TEM, FTIR, EDX, CHN analysis, DLS, fluorescence spectrometry, vibration magnetometry, and relaxometry. Samples obtained from PMIDA-stabilised MNPs contained a greater amount of the peptide and possessed better hydrodynamic characteristics than samples obtained from non-stabilised MNPs. A comparative study of the MNP cytotoxicity was carried out towards 4T1 and MDA-MB231 cell lines (MTT test), and the possibility of cell labelling was assessed. The cellular uptake was more efficient for nanoconjugates obtained without PMIDA. The data obtained can be used for the design of materials for cell labelling and visualisation.

Bakhteeva I.A., Filinkova M.S., Medvedeva I.V., Podvalnaya N.V., Byzov I.V., Zhakov S.V., Uimin M.A., Kurmachev I.A.

The widespread presence of microplastic particles in aquatic environments requires methods of their extraction from water for counting and analysis and for water purification technologies. In this study, new magnetic composite nanoparticles (FNP) were designed, characterized and explored to be used as magnetic seeds for extracting polyethylene terephthalate microparticles (MPET, 5–30 μm) from water by magnetic sedimentation. The engineered seeds have a complex morphology, with magnetic cores of Fe3O4 dispersed in an environmentally compatible polymer matrix of silicon dioxide, chitosan or gelatine. Mechanisms of the heteroaggregation of FNP and MPET are considered and the main influencing factors (particles concentrations, major ions, duration of the preliminary exposure and of the sedimentation) are studied. The heteroaggregates are removed from water using a gradient magnetic field (Bzmax = 0.44 T) generated by a system of permanent magnets. The mass concentration of magnetic nanoseeds for more than 98 % capture of PET particles in pure and in salted water after 0.5 hour of magnetic sedimentation was detected to be 0.002 g/L. It is two orders of magnitude lower than that reported for uncovered magnetite-based particles. Using magnetic composite seeds with ecofriendly coatings allows to perform a high efficient magnetic separation of microplastic particles from water both for analytical purpose and for potential water cleaning technologies, while strongly reducing the synthetic flocculant sludge volume.

Ilves V.G., Gaviko V.S., Murzakaev A.M., Sokovnin S.Y., Svetlova O.A., Zuev M.G., Uimin M.A.

Tishin D.S., Valova M.S., Demin A.M., Minin A.S., Uimin M.A., Krasnov V.P., Zamyatin A.V., Khonina T.G.

Sorption of doxorubicin (Dox) on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles coated with iron and silicon glycerolates (ISG-MNPs) was studied. The Dox sorption experiments were carried out in water at different concentrations of ISG-MNPs and Dox. The loading efficiency was assessed by UV spectroscopy. It was demonstrated that at an ISG-MNPs concentration of 0.2 wt.%, an increase in the Dox: ISG-MNPs ratio (from 0.20 to 1.55 w/w) leads to a slow increase in the drug loading capacity (LC) from about 3 to 5%; in this case, the loading efficiency (LE) abruptly decreases from 43 to 6%. A decrease in the ISG-MNPs concentration from 1.0 to 0.5 wt.% (at 0.3 wt.% Dox) leads to an increase in LC from 5.0 to 6.7%. In vitro experiments demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanomaterial against human rhabdosarcoma (RD) cells, viz., the statistically significant toxicity of Dox-loaded ISG-MNPs was evident for a nanoconjugate solution with a concentration of 10 µg mL−1, and the cell survival in solutions with a concentration of 100 µg mL−1 was 57%.

Pershina A.G., Efimova L.V., Brikunova O.Y., Nevskaya K.V., Sukhinina E.V., Hmelevskaya E.S., Demin A.M., Naumenko V.A., Malkeyeva D., Kiseleva E., Khozyainova A.A., Menyailo M.E., Denisov E.V., Volegov A.S., Uimin M.A., et. al.

A benefit of biomedical application of nanosystems is implementation of a precise effect at the level of an individual cell, and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are some of the best candidates for the development of an intelligent nanosystem with remote control. To develop a nanosystem for precise therapy, a deep understanding of the nanosystem's in vivo behavior is required. Here, we studied penetration and distribution of PEGylated iron oxide MNPs unmodified or modified with the pH low insertion peptide (a ligand for smart targeting of the tumor acidic microenvironment) in vivo in a 4T1 mouse tumor. We revealed that MNPs penetrate into the tumor via both vascular burst and endothelial transcytosis. By implementing an approach based on single-cell high-throughput RNA sequencing, we identified the populations of the cells that took up MNPs in the 4T1 tumor and revealed preferential accumulation of MNPs in regulatory Trem2+ tumor-associated macrophages.

Fedushchak T.A., Uimin M.A., Maikov V.V., Zhuravkov S.P., Vlasov V.A., Prosvirin I.P., Repev N.A., Kogan V.M.

A new method for the preparation of hydrodesulfurization catalysts based on the mechanochemical treatment of molybdenum under cryogenic conditions was proposed. The results of direct one-stage mechanochemical grinding of molybdenum at 77 K in gaseous media of He and H2 and in liquid N2, as well as in the presence of solid Ar, are reported. The physicochemical properties of the cryopowders and their catalytic activity in the model hydrodesulfurization reactions of dibenzothiophene and diesel fraction were examined.

Ilves V.G., Balezin M.E., Sokovnin S.Y., Gerasimov A.S., Kalinina E.G., Rusakova D.S., Korusenko P.M., Zuev M.G., Uimin M.A.

In this study, 2-line ferrihydrite (2L Fh) nanoparticles (NPles)were synthesized by radiation-chemical method from an alcoholic solution of iron (III) nitrate for the first time. The X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the synthetic powder exhibited the characteristic pattern of 2L Fh NPles. DSC-TG analysis conducted in air atmosphere further verified the formation of 2L Fh. SEM analysis showed the presence of mesoporous plate-like structures in the 2L Fh powder, consisting of aggregates of NPs with an average size of approximately 20 nm. The absence of impurity peaks on the X-ray diffractograms and energy dispersion spectra (EDX) confirmed the chemical purity of the produced 2L Fh NPles. Additionally, the XPS method detected the presence of nitrogen and carbon adsorbed to the developed surface of the 2L Fh plates. 2L Fh NPles, when dried in air at a temperature of 50 °C, rapidly dissolved in water. 2L Fh NPles alcohol suspensions were stabilized using surfactants polyethylenimine (PEI) and acetylacetone (AcAs). 2L Fh NPles showed good photocatalytic properties when irradiated with ultraviolet light of methyl violet (MV) dye. These 2L Fh NPles, synthesized using an environmentally friendly radiation-chemical method, have immense potential for applications in biomedicine and photocatalysis.

Sokovnin S.Y., Il'ves V.G., Uimin M.A.

Using the method of evaporation by pulsed electron beam in vacuum the mesoporous nanopowder of CaF2 with a specific surface area up to 91.5 m2/g was produced. The effect of annealing in different media and irradiation with a nanosecond electron beam (700 keV) on the evolution of the magnetic, luminescent and textural properties of CaF2 nanoparticles have been studied. For the first time, a joint effect of the annealing medium and the absorbed dose of a relativistic electron beam irradiation on the specific surface area and magnetization of mesoporous nanopowders of the CaF2 was discovered, which confirms the defective nature of ferromagnetism at room temperature of CaF2 nanopowders. The effect of nanopowder surface properties on ferromagnetism at room temperature after annealing in different media is shown, a parameter for assessing this influence is proposed. It was found that annealing and irradiation caused a significant change only in the visible range, of the pulse cathodoluminescence spectra of the CaF2 nanopowder, with the temperature and medium of the nanopowder pre-annealing as well as the irradiation dose being important. The relationship between luminescent and magnetic properties of nanopowder was shown.

Korkh Y.V., Ryabukhin M.O., Kuznetsov E.A., Perov D.V., Nemytova O.V., Klepikova A.C., Rinkevich A.B., Uimin M.A.

Perov D.V., Kuznetsov E.A., Rinkevich A.B., Nemytova O.V., Uimin M.A.

Transmission of microwaves through a composite plate containing Fe nanoparticles in an epoxyamine matrix, as well as reflection of waves from it, has been investigated. The experiments were performed at the frequencies from 26 to 38 GHz in the magnetic fields up to 12 kOe. The ferromagnetic resonance line in the composites with the weight fraction of Fe particles from 10% to 30% has been studied. The magnetic field dependence of the microwave power dissipation has been plotted. Field dependence of the transmission and reflection coefficients have been calculated, as well as qualitative, and in some cases quantitative, agreement has been obtained. The penetration depth of microwaves into the composites has been analyzed. Spectrum of the FMR has been constructed. Results of interaction of microwaves with Fe nanoparticles are discussed taking into account magnetic properties and composite structure.

Perov D.V., Kuznetsov E.A., Rinkevich A.B., Nemytova O.V., Uimin M.A., Konev A.S.

Metal-dielectric nanocomposites containing spherical Fe particles in an epoxyamine matrix were synthesized. The average diameter of the particles is about 60 nm, their weight fractions in the composites are from 15 wt% to 30 wt%. Magnetic and microwave properties of the composite were measured. In the field dependences of the transmission and reflection coefficients, there are the minima caused by the ferromagnetic resonance. A model of dynamic magnetic permeability is constructed, and the components of the permeability tensor are determined. The field dependences of the transmission and reflection coefficients, as well as microwave power dissipation, are calculated and compared with the measured ones. Qualitative and, in some cases, quantitative correspondence between the measured and calculated dependences is obtained. Analysis carried out has shown that the low field absorption (LFA) is not realized in the considered composites.

Germov A.Y., Prokopyev D.A., Konev A.S., Uimin M.A., Minin A.S., Yermakov A.E., Goloborodsky B.Y., Kurmachev I.A., Suvorkova Y.V.

A series of nanoparticles of the bimetallic core and carbon shell type FexCo1-x@C (x = 0.4 – 0.8) have been obtained by the gas condensation synthesis method. The microstructural peculiarities and magnetic behaviour of the nanoparticles is analysed depending on the composition and thermal treatment. Collateral phases, which are difficult to detect by traditional methods, are identified. The 59Co,57Fe NMR and 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopies have shown that homogeneity of the composition and removal of carbon from the metallic core can be reached by annealing. The combination of methods has quantified the fraction of superparamagnetic particles, the proportion of paramagnetic inclusions. A simplified visual interpretation of the 59Co NMR spectra is proposed for binary FeCo alloys.

Yermakov A.Y., Uimin M.A., Boukhvalov D.W., Minin A.S., Kleinerman N.M., Naumov S.P., Volegov A.S., Starichenko D.V., Borodin K.I., Gaviko V.S., Konev S.F., Cherepanov N.A.

In this paper, the electron and magnetic state of iron placed either on the surface or in the core of TiO2 nanoparticles were investigated using magnetometric methods, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and Mössbauer spectroscopy. It was demonstrated that the EPR spectra of TiO2 samples with iron atoms localized both on the surface and in the core of specific features depending on the composition and size of the nanoparticles. Theoretical calculations using the density functional theory (DFT) method demonstrated that the localization of Fe atoms on the surface is characterized by a considerably larger set of atomic configurations as compared to that in the core of TiO2 nanoparticles. Mössbauer spectra of the samples doped with Fe atoms both on the surface and in the core can be described quite satisfactorily using two and three doublets with different quadrupole splitting, respectively. This probably demonstrates that the Fe atoms on particle surface and in the bulk are in different unlike local surroundings. All iron ions, both on the surface and in the core, were found to be in the Fe3+ high-spin state.

Zhang M., Shang S., Li H., Tian L., Liu K., Villa-Gomez D., Cao Y., Liu Y.

Slapničar Š., Žerjav G., Roškarič M., Zavašnik J., Pintar A.

Nur-E-Alam M., Yap B.K., Basher M.K., Islam M.A., Hossain M.K., Soudagar M.E., Das N., Vasiliev M., Kiong T.S.

Wei D., Zhang X., Guo Y., Saleem K., Jia J., Li M., Yu H., Hu Y., Yao X., Wang Y., Chang X., Song C.

Tuncer M., Erunsal S.C., Ozel G.B.

Sheldareh A.H., Safaeijavan R., Taheri A., Moniri E.

Tsiberkin K.B., Sosunov A.V., Govorina V.V., Neznakhin D.S., Henner V.K., Sumanasekera G.

Zhang S., Liu Q., Chen T., Liu Z., Liu G.

Barai D.P., Gajbhiye S.L., Bhongade Y.M., Kanhere H.S., Kokare D.M., Raut N.A., Bhanvase B.A., Dhoble S.J.

Schieck K.E., Pedicone L., Crespi S., Di Vece M.

Abstract The importance of hydrogen storage for mobile applications remains a timely subject with respect to a sustainable energy economy. Magnesium is a viable material for hydrogen storage by insertion, because of its low weight, abundance, and non-toxicity. A major obstacle for magnesium hydrides to be used for hydrogen storage is the high temperature for release, making it impracticable. However, nanoscale magnesium shows promising hydrogen desorption temperatures, which is employed in the form of nanoparticles in this work. A palladium “nanoneedle” network was used to speed up hydrogen transport to and from the magnesium nanoparticles in a matter of minutes. By using the optical changes that accompany the presence of hydrogen in magnesium, hydrogen transport was studied. The palladium nanoneedle “highways” improved the (de-) hydrogenation of magnesium nanoparticles by at least a factor two, which could be a template for further improvements in hydrogen storage systems.

Gao X., Chen Y., Xu P., Zheng D., Li X.

The selective detection of propane gas molecules using semiconductor gas sensors has always been a challenge within research. In this study, we successfully synthesized a γ-Fe2O3 nanomaterial with a selective catalytic effect on propane and loaded it onto a ZnO sensing material to construct a double-layer microsensor, which showed good sensing response characteristics in the detection of the refrigerant R290 (which is mainly propane). In addition, we also prepared a series of iron oxides, including nanomaterials such as α-Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and FeO, as well as γ-Fe2O3 materials with different specific surface areas obtained at various processing temperatures, and we carried out gas sensing research on R290. The results show that the γ-Fe2O3 material has a better sensitivity to R290, and the γ-Fe2O3 material calcined at 200 °C shows the best performance. Our results can provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of semiconductor gas sensors for alkane detection.

Mukherjee P., Mandal M., Mukherjee B., Dutta G.

Fan W., Lv B., Jiao Y., Deng X., Fang C., Xing B.

Sokolov P.S., Baranov A.N., Skipetrov E.P., Solozhenko V.L.

Minocha N., Singh A., Patel A., Chaudhary H., Yadav K.

Background: Theranostics is a method that focuses on providing patient-centred care and is evolving as a targeted, safe, and effective pharmacotherapy. Nanotheranostics combines diagnosis and therapeutic modalities that bridge traditional treatment and personalised medicine. Theranostics provides novel ideas for nanotechnology. This review describes the current state of nanotechnology-based therapies used to treat neurological illnesses. Some patents on theranostics are also discussed in this review. Objective: This study aims to provide a more comprehensive review of the diagnosis and therapeutic properties of nanotheranostics, the present state of nanotechnology-based treatment of neurological disorders, and the future potential of theranostics. Methods: The phrase "theranostics" refers to a treatment strategy that integrates therapeutics and diagnostics to monitor treatment response and enhance drug efficacy and safety. Theranostics is a crucial component of personalised medicine and calls for significant advancements in predictive medicine. The term "theranostics" refers to a diagnosis that screens patients for potential adverse drug reactions and targets drug delivery depending on the test results. Theranostics treats neurological disorders (like brain tumours (glioma), Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and neurovascular diseases). Many review articles on Google Scholar, PubMed, Google Patents, and Scopus were used to gather information for this review. Data acquired from many sources was compiled in this review to provide more information on theranostics. Results: The role of various nanocarrier systems as theranostic agents for neurological illnesses and the fabrication of nanomaterials for theranostics are discussed in this article after evaluating a substantial number of review articles. Conclusion: The distinctive intrinsic features of nanoparticles make them useful for functionalization and imaging. Theranostics in nuclear medicine include diagnostic imaging and therapy using the same molecule that is radiolabeled differently or the same medication at various doses. It is possible to determine if a patient will benefit from a given treatment by visualising potential targets. Targeted nuclear therapy has been shown to be beneficial in patients if chosen carefully and has a good safety profile.

Khonina T.G., Tishin D.S., Larionov L.P., Osipenko A.V., Dobrinskaya M.N., Bogdanova E.A., Karabanalov M.S., Bulatova M.A., Shadrina E.V., Chupakhin O.N.

Background: Nanocomposite glycerohydrogels based on biocompatible elementcontaining glycerolates are of practicular interest for biomedical applications. Objective: Using two biocompatible precursors, silicon and iron glycerolates, a new bioactive nanocomposite silicon‒iron glycerolates hydrogel was obtained by sol-gel method. Methods: The composition and structural features of the hydrogel were studied using a complex of modern analytical techniques, including TEM, XRD, and AES. On the example of experimental animals hemostatic activity of the hydrogel was studied, as well as primary toxicological studies were carried out. method: The composition and structural features of the gel were studied using a complex of modern analytical methods, including TEM, XRD, and atomic emission spectroscopy. On the example of experimental animals its hemostatic activity was studied, as well as primary toxicological studies were carried out. Results: The composition of dispersed phase and dispersion medium of silicon‒iron glycerolates hydrogel was determined. The structural features of hydrogel were revealed and its structure model was proposed. It was shown that silcon-iron glycerolates hydrogel is nontoxic, and exhibits pronounced hemostatic activity. result: The composition of dispersed phase and dispersion medium of silicon‒iron glycerolates hydrogel was determined, its structural features were revealed and a structure model was proposed. It was shown that silicon–iron glycerolates hydrogel is nontoxic, and exhibits pronounced hemostatic activity. Conclusion: Silicon-iron glycerolates hydrogel is a potential hemostatic agent for topical application in medical and veterinary practice.

Sokoivnin S.Y., Ulitko M.V., Balezin M.E., Ilves V.G., Sultanova T.R.

Chen K., Qin X., Zhou J., Tan W., Liang X., He H., Zhu J., Han M., Luo L.

Goethite and ferrihydrite are the two major iron hydroxides, essential mineral constituents in the terrestrial surface system. Aluminum (Al) is the most common substituent in iron hydroxides, and it may significantly change the bulk and surficial physicochemical properties of iron hydroxides. Consequently, a practical and convenient approach is needed to efficiently identify the Al substitution degrees of iron hydroxides in natural occurrences. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the VSWIR characteristics of laboratory-synthesized Al-substituted goethite and ferrihydrite, to establish diagnostic VSWIR parameters for the identification and quantification of Al substitution levels in iron hydroxides. The findings revealed that Al substitution can affect the band positions (P) of goethite and ferrihydrite at ~650 nm, ~900 nm, and ~1400 nm. The relationships between the Al substitution of ferrihydrite and VSWIR parameters can be expressed as P900 = −0.43 × Al(%) + 931 and P1400 = −0.07 × Al(%) + 1428, while that of goethite can be expressed as P650 = 0.42 × Al(%) + 657 and P900 = 2.29 × Al(%) + 936. The peak fitting results showed that the absorption intensity at 480–550 nm linearly decreases with increased Al substitution. The obtained VSWIR spectra of Al-substituted goethite and ferrihydrite provide a critical supplement to the spectral library for (Al) iron hydroxides, and these VSWIR parameters can be utilized for the semi-quantitative determination of Al substitution in natural iron hydroxides

Pershina A.G., Efimova L.V., Brikunova O.Y., Nevskaya K.V., Sukhinina E.V., Hmelevskaya E.S., Demin A.M., Naumenko V.A., Malkeyeva D., Kiseleva E., Khozyainova A.A., Menyailo M.E., Denisov E.V., Volegov A.S., Uimin M.A., et. al.

A benefit of biomedical application of nanosystems is implementation of a precise effect at the level of an individual cell, and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are some of the best candidates for the development of an intelligent nanosystem with remote control. To develop a nanosystem for precise therapy, a deep understanding of the nanosystem's in vivo behavior is required. Here, we studied penetration and distribution of PEGylated iron oxide MNPs unmodified or modified with the pH low insertion peptide (a ligand for smart targeting of the tumor acidic microenvironment) in vivo in a 4T1 mouse tumor. We revealed that MNPs penetrate into the tumor via both vascular burst and endothelial transcytosis. By implementing an approach based on single-cell high-throughput RNA sequencing, we identified the populations of the cells that took up MNPs in the 4T1 tumor and revealed preferential accumulation of MNPs in regulatory Trem2+ tumor-associated macrophages.

Chen C., Huang B., Zhang R., Sun C., Chen L., Ge J., Zhou D., Li Y., Wu S., Qian Z., Zeng J., Gao M.

Abstract Background The general sluggish clearance kinetics of functional inorganic nanoparticles tend to raise potential biosafety concerns for in vivo applications. Renal clearance is a possible elimination pathway for functional inorganic nanoparticles delivered through intravenous injection, but largely depending on the surface physical chemical properties of a given particle apart from its size and shape. Results In this study, three small-molecule ligands that bear a diphosphonate (DP) group, but different terminal groups on the other side, i.e., anionic, cationic, and zwitterionic groups, were synthesized and used to modify ultrasmall Fe3O4 nanoparticles for evaluating the surface structure-dependent renal clearance behaviors. Systematic studies suggested that the variation of the surface ligands did not significantly increase the hydrodynamic diameter of ultrasmall Fe3O4 nanoparticles, nor influence their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast enhancement effects. Among the three particle samples, Fe3O4 nanoparticle coated with zwitterionic ligands, i.e., Fe3O4@DMSA, exhibited optimal renal clearance efficiency and reduced reticuloendothelial uptake. Therefore, this sample was further labeled with 99mTc through the DP moieties to achieve a renal-clearable MRI/single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) dual-modality imaging nanoprobe. The resulting nanoprobe showed satisfactory imaging capacities in a 4T1 xenograft tumor mouse model. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of Fe3O4@DMSA was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo through safety assessment experiments. Conclusions We believe that the current investigations offer a simple and effective strategy for constructing renal-clearable nanoparticles for precise disease diagnosis. Graphical Abstract

Ilves V.G., Balezin M.E., Sokovnin S.Y., Gerasimov A.S., Kalinina E.G., Rusakova D.S., Korusenko P.M., Zuev M.G., Uimin M.A.

In this study, 2-line ferrihydrite (2L Fh) nanoparticles (NPles)were synthesized by radiation-chemical method from an alcoholic solution of iron (III) nitrate for the first time. The X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the synthetic powder exhibited the characteristic pattern of 2L Fh NPles. DSC-TG analysis conducted in air atmosphere further verified the formation of 2L Fh. SEM analysis showed the presence of mesoporous plate-like structures in the 2L Fh powder, consisting of aggregates of NPs with an average size of approximately 20 nm. The absence of impurity peaks on the X-ray diffractograms and energy dispersion spectra (EDX) confirmed the chemical purity of the produced 2L Fh NPles. Additionally, the XPS method detected the presence of nitrogen and carbon adsorbed to the developed surface of the 2L Fh plates. 2L Fh NPles, when dried in air at a temperature of 50 °C, rapidly dissolved in water. 2L Fh NPles alcohol suspensions were stabilized using surfactants polyethylenimine (PEI) and acetylacetone (AcAs). 2L Fh NPles showed good photocatalytic properties when irradiated with ultraviolet light of methyl violet (MV) dye. These 2L Fh NPles, synthesized using an environmentally friendly radiation-chemical method, have immense potential for applications in biomedicine and photocatalysis.

Korkh Y.V., Ryabukhin M.O., Kuznetsov E.A., Perov D.V., Nemytova O.V., Klepikova A.C., Rinkevich A.B., Uimin M.A.

Gruzdev D.A., Vakhrushev A.V., Demin A.M., Baryshnikova M.A., Levit G.L., Krasnov V.P., Charushin V.N.

Peptides of the RGD family are of significant interest as vectors for targeted delivery of various therapeutic and diagnostic groups to tumor cells. Their application can be especially useful in the implementation of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) of malignant tumors. We have developed a method for obtaining derivatives of the lysine–arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (KRGD) peptide containing two closo‑ or nido‑carborane fragments linked to a lysine residue. It has been shown that to obtain bis(closo‑carboranyl) KRGD peptide with free functional groups, it is preferable to use protecting groups that can be removed under mild acidic conditions. Deboronation of the peptide containing closo‑carborane residues made it possible to obtain a bis(nido‑carboranyl) tetrapeptide containing 20 wt.% boron and having high solubility in water (up to 5 mg/mL). In vitro experiments demonstrated the low cytotoxicity of the KRGD peptide containing two nido‑carborane residues (CC50 > 100 μmol/L). The developed synthetic approach to KRGD derivatives containing 18–20 boron atoms per molecule opens the way to potential boron delivery agents for BNCT.

Krasikov A.A., Balaev D.A., Balaev A.D., Stolyar S.V., Yaroslavtsev R.N., Iskhakov R.S.

Contributions of different magnetic subsystems formed in the systems of synthetic ferrihydrite nanoparticles (characterized previously) with an average size of < d> ≈ 2.7 nm coated with polysaccharide arabinogalactan in different degrees have been separated by measuring the dependences of their magnetization M on magnetic field H of up to 250 kOe on vibrating sample and pulsed magnetometers. The use of a wide measuring magnetic field range has been dictated by the ambiguity in identifying a linear M(H) portion for such antiferromagnetic nanoparticle systems within the conventional field range of 60–90 kOe. The thorough analysis of the magnetization curves in the temperature range of 100–250 K has allowed the verification of the contributions of (i) uncompensated magnetic moments µun in the superparamagnetic subsystem, (ii) the subsystem of surface spins with the paramagnetic behavior, and (iii) the antiferromagnetic susceptibility of the antiferromagnetically ordered ferrihydrite particle core. As a result, a model of the magnetic state of ferrihydrite nanoparticles has been proposed and the numbers of spins corresponding to magnetic subsystems (i)–(iii) have been estimated. An average magnetic moment μun of ∼ 145 μB (μB is the Bohr magneton) per particle corresponds approximately to 30 decompensated spins of iron atoms in a particle (about 3 % of all iron atoms), which, according to the Néel's hypothesis μun ∼ 3/2, are localized both on the surface and in the bulk of an antiferromagnetically ordered particle. The fraction of free (paramagnetic) spins is minimal in the sample without arabinogalactan coating of the nanoparticle surface (7 %) and is attained 20 % of all iron atoms in the sample with the highest degree of spatial separation of particles. According to this estimation, paramagnetic spins are located mainly on the edges and protruding areas of particles. Most magnetic moments of iron atoms are ordered antiferromagnetically and the corresponding magnetic susceptibility of this subsystem behaves as in an antiferromagnet with the randomly distributed crystallographic axes, i.e., increases with temperature.

Perov D.V., Kuznetsov E.A., Rinkevich A.B., Nemytova O.V., Uimin M.A.

Transmission of microwaves through a composite plate containing Fe nanoparticles in an epoxyamine matrix, as well as reflection of waves from it, has been investigated. The experiments were performed at the frequencies from 26 to 38 GHz in the magnetic fields up to 12 kOe. The ferromagnetic resonance line in the composites with the weight fraction of Fe particles from 10% to 30% has been studied. The magnetic field dependence of the microwave power dissipation has been plotted. Field dependence of the transmission and reflection coefficients have been calculated, as well as qualitative, and in some cases quantitative, agreement has been obtained. The penetration depth of microwaves into the composites has been analyzed. Spectrum of the FMR has been constructed. Results of interaction of microwaves with Fe nanoparticles are discussed taking into account magnetic properties and composite structure.

Kurczewska J., Dobosz B.

Magnetite-based nanoparticles are of constant interest in the scientific community as potential systems for biomedical applications. Over the years, the ability to synthesize diverse systems based on iron (II, III) oxide nanoparticles has been mastered to maximize their potential effectiveness in the targeted delivery of active substances in cancer therapy. The present review explores recent literature findings that detail various magnetic nanosystems. These encompass straightforward designs featuring a polymer coating on the magnetic core and more intricate matrices for delivering chemotherapeutic drugs. This paper emphasizes novel synthetic approaches that impact the efficacy and progress of anticancer investigations, specifically targeting a particular cancer type. The research also delves into combinations with alternative treatment methods and diagnostic approaches. Additionally, it highlights a critical aspect—the interaction with cells—identifying it as the least developed aspect in current research on these systems.

Javid H., Oryani M.A., Rezagholinejad N., Esparham A., Tajaldini M., Karimi‐Shahri M.

AbstractRGD peptide can be found in cell adhesion and signaling proteins, such as fibronectin, vitronectin, and fibrinogen. RGD peptides' principal function is to facilitate cell adhesion by interacting with integrin receptors on the cell surface. They have been intensively researched for use in biotechnology and medicine, including incorporation into biomaterials, conjugation to medicinal molecules or nanoparticles, and labeling with imaging agents. RGD peptides can be utilized to specifically target cancer cells and the tumor vasculature by engaging with these integrins, improving drug delivery efficiency and minimizing adverse effects on healthy tissues. RGD‐functionalized drug carriers are a viable option for cancer therapy as this focused approach has demonstrated promise in the future. Writing a review on the RGD peptide can significantly influence how drugs are developed in the future by improving our understanding of the peptide, finding knowledge gaps, fostering innovation, and making drug design easier.

Thacharodi A., Meenatchi R., Hassan S., Hussain N., Bhat M.A., Arockiaraj J., Ngo H.H., Le Q.H., Pugazhendhi A.

Marchenko I.V., Trushina D.B.

Treatment of bladder cancer remains a critical unmet need and requires advanced approaches, particularly the development of local drug delivery systems. The physiology of the urinary bladder causes the main difficulties in the local treatment of bladder cancer: regular voiding prevents the maintenance of optimal concentration of the instilled drugs, while poor permeability of the urothelium limits the penetration of the drugs into the bladder wall. Therefore, great research efforts have been spent to overcome these hurdles, thereby improving the efficacy of available therapies. The explosive development of nanotechnology, polymer science, and related fields has contributed to the emergence of a number of nanostructured vehicles (nano- and micro-scale) applicable for intravesical drug delivery. Moreover, the engineering approach has facilitated the design of several macro-sized depot systems (centimeter scale) capable of remaining in the bladder for weeks and months. In this article, the main rationales and strategies for improved intravesical delivery are reviewed. Here, we focused on analysis of colloidal nano- and micro-sized drug carriers and indwelling macro-scale devices, which were evaluated for applicability in local therapy for bladder cancer in vivo.

Perov D.V., Kuznetsov E.A., Rinkevich A.B., Nemytova O.V., Uimin M.A., Konev A.S.

Metal-dielectric nanocomposites containing spherical Fe particles in an epoxyamine matrix were synthesized. The average diameter of the particles is about 60 nm, their weight fractions in the composites are from 15 wt% to 30 wt%. Magnetic and microwave properties of the composite were measured. In the field dependences of the transmission and reflection coefficients, there are the minima caused by the ferromagnetic resonance. A model of dynamic magnetic permeability is constructed, and the components of the permeability tensor are determined. The field dependences of the transmission and reflection coefficients, as well as microwave power dissipation, are calculated and compared with the measured ones. Qualitative and, in some cases, quantitative correspondence between the measured and calculated dependences is obtained. Analysis carried out has shown that the low field absorption (LFA) is not realized in the considered composites.