Ivanova, Nataliya Anatolyevna
PhD in Engineering
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Publications
35
Citations
274
h-index
9
Portable Fuel Cell Laboratory
Head of Laboratory
- Catalysts (6)
- Chemical Problems (4)
- Electroanalysis (1)
- Inorganics (3)
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy (5)
- Journal of Physics: Conference Series (2)
- Materials (1)
- Membranes (1)
- Moscow University Physics Bulletin (English Translation of Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, Fizika) (1)
- Nanobiotechnology Reports (2)
- Nanotechnologies in Russia (3)
- Physics of Atomic Nuclei (1)
- Polymers (1)
- Process Safety and Environmental Protection (1)
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Mensharapov R.M., Spasov D.D., Sinyakov M.V., Grineva D.E., Nagorny S.V., Chumakov R.G., Bakirov A.V., Ivanova N.A.
The activities of Pt electrocatalysts modified with a prepared silica powder (with SiO2 contents of 3 and 7 wt%) in the oxygen reduction reaction in the temperature range from 0 °C to 50 °C were investigated by the rotating disk electrode technique to evaluate their efficiency in the process of the cold start of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). An increase in the mass activity of the Pt-SiO2/C electrocatalyst in comparison with Pt/C was observed, which can be attributed to a more dispersed distribution of platinum particles on the support surface and a decrease in their size. The activity values of the silica-modified electrocatalysts in the oxygen reduction reaction were approximately two-fold higher at 1 °C and four-fold higher at elevated temperatures of up to 50 °C in comparison with Pt/C, which makes their application in PEMFCs at low temperatures, including in the process of cold start, a promising avenue for further investigation.
Sinyakov M., Mensharapov R., Ivanov B., Spasov D., Zasypkina A., Pak Y., Ivanova N.
AbstractThis work investigates the influence of hydrogen accumulation in titanium current collectors on the operating characteristics of a water electrolyzer. The investigated dependence is complex and considers the influence of both hydrogen concentration and formed titanium hydride on the characteristics of the water electrolyzer. Additionally, it takes into account the deformation of collectors and the state of their surface, which changes depending on the method of hydrogen charging from the gas phase. As the hydrogen concentration in cathode current collectors increases up to 50.2 at. %, there is a tendency for the performance of the electrolysis cell to decrease. However, the total overvoltage of the cell does not increase by more than 5 %. The transport losses of the cell are primarily affected by the hydrogen content in the current collectors. The change in morphology and structure of grains in the near‐surface layer is associated with the formation of the titanium hydride phase and the cracking of samples. The maximum increase in overvoltage for transport losses under the studied conditions was approximately 37.5 %. This effect must be considered when scaling and developing large hydrogen generation systems.
Zasypkina A.A., Ivanova N.A., Spasov D.D., Mensharapov R.M., Sinyakov M.V., Grigoriev S.A.
The global issue for proton exchange membrane fuel cell market development is a reduction in the device cost through an increase in efficiency of the oxygen reduction reaction occurring at the cathode and an extension of the service life of the electrochemical device. Losses in the fuel cell performance are due to various degradation mechanisms in the catalytic layers taking place under conditions of high electric potential, temperature, and humidity. This review is devoted to recent advances in the field of increasing the efficiency and durability of electrocatalysts and other electrode materials by introducing structured carbon components into their composition. The main synthesis methods, physicochemical and electrochemical properties of materials, and performance of devices on their basis are presented. The main correlations between the composition and properties of structured carbon electrode materials, which can provide successful solutions to the highlighted issues, are revealed.
Ivanova N.A., Baranov I.E., Kalinnikov A.A., Mensharapov R.M., Spasov D.D., Sinyakov M.V., Nikolaev I.I., Ostrovsky S.V., Grigoriev S.A., Fateev V.N.
Abstract
The paper report on the cold start of fuel cell with proton exchange membrane (PEMFC) at – 40 °C using a catalytic heating unit integrated directly into the PEMFC bipolar plates. This technical solution increases the heat transfer efficiency up to 60% due to direct contact of the membrane-electrode assembly with the heating unit, and ensure a successful cold start of the fuel cell from – 40 °C to an operating temperature of 35 °C within 6 minutes at air flow rate of 150 mL/min. The hydrogen flow rate is 45 cm3/s, which corresponds to a hydrogen concentration in the air flow of ca. 1.8 vol.%, which is below the autoignition point and ensures the safety of the proposed method. Uniform distribution of heat over the bipolar plates surface prevents dehydration and thermal degradation of the membrane electrode assembly components and improve the PEMFC performance after cold start.
Kozlova M.V., Fateev V.N., Alekseeva O.K., Ivanova N.A., Tishkin V.V., Aliyev A.S.
Magnetron sputtering is a well-known method of obtaining various coatings and surface modifications, but nowadays it is successfully used for the synthesis of electrocatalysts. One of the main advantages of the method is the possibility to vary the parameters during the process, such as the mode (direct current sputtering, pulsed medium-frequency sputtering, high radio frequency sputtering), potential supply to the sputtered substrate or catalyst carrier, pressure in the vacuum chamber, atmosphere composition, which allows to change the composition and structure of the obtained coatings and catalysts very widely. Changing the modes of sputtering makes it possible to create both dense (porous) protective/catalytic coatings and coatings with a very developed surface, i.e. for obtaining electrode materials
Smirnov S.A., Mensharapov R.M., Spasov D.D., Ivanova N.A., Grigoriev S.A.
Platinum electrocatalysts on graphene-like supports have recently attracted research interest as components of electrochemical devices based on hydrogen oxidation reactions in acid media due to their improved electrochemical properties, high stability, and conductivity. Within the current work, hydrogen adsorption and the recombination effects of a proton and hydroxonium on a graphene-based electrocatalyst were investigated using density functional theory. The interaction between ions and the platinum surface was simulated for various configurations, including different initial ion distances and angles relative to the surface of the graphene sheet as well as different adsorptions on various Pt atoms (vertices or faces for Pt13 and Pt14 nanoclusters). Then, the geometry optimization was performed. Changes in the density of states during the reactions were studied to analyze the occurrences and alterations of the interactions. A comparative analysis of the obtained adsorption energies of H+ and H3O+ with experimental data was conducted. The energy was calculated to be less in absolute value, and intermediates were more stable in adsorption models with the H–Pt–Gr angle of 90° than in models with the angle of 180°. Strong chemical bonding for models with H–Pt distances less than 2 Å was observed from the DOS.
Ivanov B.V., Ivanova N.A., Mensharapov R.M., Sinyakov M.V., Ananiev S.S., Fateev V.N.
The fuel cycle (FC) of a fusion reactor includes the following operations with hydrogen-containing gas mixtures: tokamak pumping, hydrogen isotope extraction from tokamak exhaust, tritium separation from hydrogen-containing impurities, separation of hydrogen isotopes, fuel injection into plasma, processing of tritium-containing radioactive waste. Processing and purification of fuel is a delicate and multistage process, the increased requirements for which are justified by considerations of radiation safety and economic efficiency. Fusion devices and hence FCs fusion differ significantly in scale, functional features, and amount and flux of tritium in systems, which makes it practically impossible to use the same technologies in different installations. This leads to the need to consider the possibility of using new technologies in FC systems and to find and develop systems based on efficient technologies for extracting hydrogen isotopes from gas mixtures. One such technology is the electrochemical hydrogen pump (EHP). There are three types of EHP based on solid oxide electrolyte (SOE), phosphate electrolyte (PHE) and solid polymer electrolyte (SPE). The article considers the possibility of using EHP in various FC systems for selective pumping of the fuel mixture, purification of the fuel mixture from impurities, and tritium separation from the breeder gas, as well as for other purposes.
Alekseeva O.K., Ivanova N.A., Tishkin V.V., Sinyakov M.V., Pak Y.S., Fateev V.N.
Increasing the service life of electrochemical devices is an important task, the solution of which will ensure their competitiveness and commercial attractiveness. One of the methods of protecting device elements from corrosion is the application of coatings of various compositions. Various methods are used, both chemical and physical. Recently, plasma methods, especially magnetron sputtering, have attracted increasing attention. Control of the plasma parameters allows the deposition of crystalline and amorphous coatings and films of different thicknesses (even very thin ones) having the required composition, structure, stoichiometry, density, and porosity. A detailed description and analysis of nanometer coatings and island films of noble metals (Pt, Au, Ir, Pd), which are traditionally used for protective coatings, is presented. We also describe promising nanostructured coatings from carbides and nitrides of transition metals of Groups IV–VI (Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W) and carbon-based nanostructured films (amorphous carbon, diamond-like, graphite). They are synthesized under various modes and conditions of magnetron sputtering using plasma- and heat-treatment methods. Tests under conditions close to real ones show their high efficiency in extending the service life of devices. The magnetron-sputtering method is a promising technology with a wide range of applications for coating electrochemical devices, which is confirmed by the references. The optimization of application modes and conditions will make it possible to achieve the greater efficiency and stability of nanostructured coatings.
Ivanov B.V., Mensharapov R.M., Ivanova N.A., Spasov D.D., Sinyakov M.V., Grigoriev S.A., Fateev V.N.
An electrochemical hydrogen pump (EHP) can be used in the fuel cycle of fusion devices for purifying (separating) and compressing fuel (a mixture of hydrogen isotopes). One of the distinguishing features of the fuel cycle of fusion devices is a relatively narrow range of operating pressures of the fuel mixture from high vacuum (~1-10 Pa) to several atmospheres (2-3·105 Pa), and in most of the fuel cycle systems, especially in transmission systems (gas lines, pipelines), the pressure shall not exceed atmospheric. In this study, the possibility of using EHP with a proton exchange membrane (PEM) in the fuel cycle of fusion devices in the pressure range of 0.01 – 0.30 MPa and temperatures of 20 – 70 °C was considered, and i-V curves were obtained. A regression analysis of the i-V curves was carried out. The temperature dependence of limiting current and resistance of EHP cell was obtained as follows: lnilim=−1140±1001T+(3.0±0.3) and lnρ=1780±2801T+(6.5±1.1). It is shown that there is no dependence of these parameters on pressure. The EHP cell productive capacity was determined in the studied ranges of pressure and temperature as follows: lni2F=−0.0119×T−0.7×lnEcell+16. The results obtained allow one to predict the performance of the EHP device under conditions of subatmospheric hydrogen pressure at the anode and to select the most effective operating parameters of the EHP.
Ivanova N.A., Ivanov B.V., Mensharapov R.M., Spasov D.D., Sinyakov M.V., Nagorny S.V., Kazakov E.D., Dmitryakov P.V., Bakirov A.V., Grigoriev S.A.
An electrochemical hydrogen pump (EHP) with a proton exchange membrane (PEM) used as part of fusion cycle systems successfully combines the processes of hydrogen extraction, purification and compression in a single device. This work comprises a novel study of the effect of ionizing radiation on the properties of the PEM as part of the EHP. Radiation exposure leads to nonspecific degradation of membranes, changes in their structure, and destruction of side and matrix chains. The findings from this work reveal that the replacement of sulfate groups in the membrane structure with carboxyl and hydrophilic groups leads to a decrease in conductivity from 0.115 to 0.103 S cm−1, which is reflected in halving the device performance at a temperature of 30 °C. The shift of the ionomer peak of small-angle X-ray scattering curves from 3.1 to 4.4 nm and the absence of changes in the water uptake suggested structural changes in the PEM after the irradiation. Increasing the EHP operating temperature minimized the effect of membrane irradiation on the pump performance, but enhanced membrane drying at low pressure and 50 °C, which caused a current density drop from 0.52 to 0.32 A·cm−2 at 0.5 V.
Spasov D.D., Ivanova N.A., Mensharapov R.M., Sinyakov M.V., Zasypkina A.A., Kukueva E.V., Trigub A.L., Kulikova E.S., Fateev V.N.
A complex study of the structure, morphology, and electrochemical properties of the Pt20/SnO210/RGO electrocatalyst is presented. The advantage of the chemical synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (c-RGO) compared to thermal methods (t-RGO) is due to the formation of graphene plates with amorphous carbon black agglomerates and the chemical composition of the surface. The nature of the interaction between platinum and tin dioxide particles and a conclusion about the formation of heterostructures Pt-SnO2 with the surface interaction of lattices excluding the formation of hetero phases has been established. This achieves high dispersity during the formation of platinum particles without significant agglomeration and increases the electrochemical surface area (ESA) of platinum to 85 m2 g−1 vs. carbon black. In addition, the surface interaction of particles and the formation of hetero-clusters Pt-SnO2 can cause the improved activity and stability of the Pt20/SnO210/c-RGO electrocatalyst.
Zasypkina A.A., Ivanova N.A., Spasov D.D., Mensharapov R.M., Alekseeva O.K., Vorobyeva E.A., Kukueva E.V., Fateev V.N.
One of the most important problems in the development of proton exchange membrane fuel cells remains the selection of an efficient electrocatalyst support capable of providing a low loading of active metal with minimal changes in the electrochemical surface, electronic conductivity, and activity. In this work, carbon nanotube arrays (CNTAs) grown directly on commercial gas diffusion layers (GDLs) are used to form electrodes of a new type. The CNTAs are used in the electrode as a microporous layer. The catalytic layer is formed in the microporous layer by a method that does not destroy the carbon support structure and consists of the controlled impregnation of CNTAs with the Pt-precursor with subsequent reduction in platinum particles in the surface volume of the layer. The resulting electrode was studied by scanning/transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. This electrode provides increased electrical conductivity of the layer and can also improve stability and longer service life due to the enhanced adhesion of carbon materials to the GDL.
Sinyakov M.V., Zasypkina A.A., Tishkin V.V., Ivanova N.A., Vorobyeva E.A., Alekseeva O.K.
Moscow University Physics Bulletin (English Translation of Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, Fizika)
Q4
Q4
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2023-04-01,
citations by CoLab: 2
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PDF,
Abstract
Abstract
During the operation of electrochemical devices with a proton exchange membrane, the electrode is gradually destroyed and degrades at the anode side under the influence of oxygen. Performance and service life of electrodes in electrochemical devices can be increased by applying Ti-based protective coatings to the surface of current collectors. Nanostructured coatings of Ti, TiO $${}_{x}$$ , TiN $${}_{y}$$ , TiO $${}_{x}$$ N $${}_{y}$$ compositions were obtained by magnetron sputtering using a titanium target under various conditions. The structure and composition of the samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis. The influence of various modes and conditions of magnetron sputtering on the composition and structure of titanium coatings has been established. The service life of the TiN $${}_{y}$$ coated electrode in the electrolyzer mode is two times higher than that of the uncoated anode under similar conditions with comparable performance.
Ivanova N.A., Spasov D.D., Mensharapov R.M., Kukueva E.V., Zasypkina A.A., Fateev V.N., Grigoriev S.A.
The present research deals with the adaptation of hydrogen-air fuel cells with proton exchange membrane (PEMFC) to autonomous periodic operation at subzero ambient temperatures. The main goal of the research is to limit the influence of subzero temperatures on component integrity and electrochemical performance stability of PEMFC in the cause of the freeze-thaw (F/T) cycling test. The MEAs stability in cycling from subzero (−35 °C) to operating temperature (+35 °C) was ensured without any specific preparatory operations modeling the PEMFC stop and “cold start” procedure. This is provided through the use of hydrogen-methanol compositions (no more than 4 vol % of methanol vapor) as fuel and a composite anode. Advanced membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) based on the composite anode layer (Pt 40 /C + Pt 20 /10 wt%–SnO 2 /C) for efficient and stable subzero operation during F/T cycling. High stability of electrochemical performance of the MEA with the composite anode at subzero ambient temperatures is shown. Advantages of use a two-component fuel PEMFC for autonomous periodic operation at subzero ambient temperatures are highlighted. • The hydrogen-methanol composition is applied as a fuel for cold start procedure. • Efficiency of two-component anode in methanol vapor oxidation has been proven. • Stability of fuel cell electrochemical performance at subzero temperatures is ensured.
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Kastsova A.G., Krasnova A.O., Glebova N.V., Pelageikina A.O., Nechitailov A.A.
The review addresses the problem of durability of operation of low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Fuel cells are of considerable interest for the transition to renewable energy sources; however, the durability of the devices is still not sufficiently long (10 to 40 thousand hours). The increase in the durability is a relevant task. The review presents a systematic account and evaluation of the methods used for stabilization of electrochemical energy conversion systems with a proton exchange membrane and defines promising approaches to increase their service life. <br>Bibliography — 197 references.
Li D., Niu K., Yang R., Van Haeverbeke M., Zhang Y., Shi W., Yang Y., Zhang J., Wang Y.
Aryanfar Y., Keçebaş A., Fardinnia H., Bashtalim H., Mammadova A., Mammadova A., Ghasemlou S.M.
Wu Q., Dong Z., Zhang X., Zhang C., Iqbal A., Chen J.
Proton membrane exchange fuel cells (PEMFCs) provide an important energy solution to decarbonizing transport sectors and electric systems due to zero carbon emission during the operating process, and how to enhance the system efficiency of PEMFCs is one of the most challengeable issues to hinder the large-scale commercial application of PEMFCs. In recent years, numerous studies have been conducted to explore the feasibility and techno-economic performance of advanced thermal management to promote the efficiency of PEMFC systems. The thermal management of PEMFCs can be implemented from two aspects: one is efficient cooling methods to maintain the PEMFC under proper working temperature range, and the other one is waste heat recovery from PEMFCs to improve the overall system efficiency. Concentrated on these topics, many achievements have been gained by academic and industrial communities, and it is imperative to analyze and conclude these experienced studies from mechanism, technology, and application aspects. Therefore, this review summarized the great advances of thermal management of PEMFCs with efficient cooling and waste heat recovery for the sake of improving the overall efficiency of PEMFC systems, providing guidelines for the future design and optimization of PEMFC systems.
Mensharapov R.M., Spasov D.D., Sinyakov M.V., Grineva D.E., Nagorny S.V., Chumakov R.G., Bakirov A.V., Ivanova N.A.
The activities of Pt electrocatalysts modified with a prepared silica powder (with SiO2 contents of 3 and 7 wt%) in the oxygen reduction reaction in the temperature range from 0 °C to 50 °C were investigated by the rotating disk electrode technique to evaluate their efficiency in the process of the cold start of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). An increase in the mass activity of the Pt-SiO2/C electrocatalyst in comparison with Pt/C was observed, which can be attributed to a more dispersed distribution of platinum particles on the support surface and a decrease in their size. The activity values of the silica-modified electrocatalysts in the oxygen reduction reaction were approximately two-fold higher at 1 °C and four-fold higher at elevated temperatures of up to 50 °C in comparison with Pt/C, which makes their application in PEMFCs at low temperatures, including in the process of cold start, a promising avenue for further investigation.
Zhan F., Huang L., Luo Y., Chen M., Tan R., Liu X., Liu G., Feng Z.
Abstract
As the demand for sustainable energy solutions grows, developing efficient energy conversion and storage technologies, such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries, is vital. Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) is a significant limitation in electrochemical systems due to its slower kinetics. Although Pt-based catalysts are commonly used to address this challenge, their high cost and suboptimal performance remain significant obstacles to further development. This review offers a comprehensive overview of advanced support materials aimed at improving the efficiency, durability, and cost-effectiveness of Pt-based catalysts. By examining a range of materials, including mesoporous carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and metal oxides, the review clarifies the relationship between the structural properties of these supports and their influence on ORR performance. Additionally, it discusses the fundamental characteristics of these materials, their practical applications in fuel cells, and explores potential solutions and future directions for optimizing Pt-based catalysts to advance sustainable energy conversion technologies. Future research could focus on nano-engineering and composite material development to unlock the full potential of Pt-based catalysts, significantly enhancing their economic viability and performance in energy applications.
Deng X., Ma L., Wang C., Ye H., Cao L., Zhan X., Tian J., Tong X.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are widely regarded as promising clean energy technologies due to their high energy conversion efficiency, low environmental impact, and versatile application potential in transportation, stationary power, and portable devices. Central to the operation and performance of PEMFCs are advancements in materials and manufacturing processes that directly influence their efficiency, durability, and scalability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress in these areas, emphasizing the critical role of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) technology and its constituent components, including catalyst layers, membranes, and gas diffusion layers (GDLs). The MEA, as the heart of PEMFCs, has seen significant innovations in its structure and manufacturing methodologies to ensure optimal performance and durability. At the material level, catalyst layer advancements, including the development of platinum-group metal catalysts and cost-effective non-precious alternatives, have focused on improving catalytic activity, durability, and mass transport. Similarly, the evolution of membranes, particularly advancements in perfluorosulfonic acid membranes and alternative hydrocarbon-based or composite materials, has addressed challenges related to proton conductivity, mechanical stability, and operation under harsh conditions such as low humidity or high temperature. Additionally, innovations in gas diffusion layers have optimized their porosity, hydrophobicity, and structural properties, ensuring efficient reactant and product transport within the cell. By examining these interrelated aspects of PEMFC development, this review aims to provide a holistic understanding of the state of the art in PEMFC materials and manufacturing technologies, offering insights for future research and the practical implementation of high-performance fuel cells.
LIN S., SU J., SHI L.
Villemur J., Romero C., Crego J.M., Gordo E.
The production of green hydrogen through proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is a promising technology for industry decarbonization, outperforming alkaline water electrolysis (AWE). However, PEMWE requires significant investment, which can be mitigated through material and design advancements. Components like bipolar porous plates (BPPs) and porous transport films (PTFs) contribute substantially to costs and performance. BPPs necessitate properties like corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity, and mechanical integrity. Titanium, commonly used for BPPs, forms a passivating oxide layer, reducing efficiency. Effective coatings are crucial to address this issue, requiring conductivity and improved corrosion resistance. In this study, porous Ti64 structures were fabricated via powder technology, treating them with thermochemical nitriding. The resulting structures with controlled porosity exhibited enhanced corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. Analysis through scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), grazing incidence XRD and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the effectiveness of the coating, meeting performance requirements for BPPs.
Asadipour E., Sharma K., Ashoka Sahadevan S., Ramani V.
Agrawal P., Ebrahim S., Ponnamma D.
AbstractFuel cells hold great promise as a clean energy technology, yet challenges such as material compatibility, manufacturing costs, and durability issues, particularly with noble metal-based electrocatalysts like platinum (Pt), hinder their widespread adoption. This review explores strategies to enhance fuel cell performance while minimizing costs, focusing on developing efficient and cost-effective catalysts supported by nanocarbon materials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon films, and their composites. The investigation delves into how these catalysts supports improve activity and stability, leading to superior fuel cell performance characterized by higher current density and enhanced durability compared to conventional Pt/C catalysts, with a specific focus on proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. Key topics covered include the role of nanocarbon in fuel cells, various nanocarbon-based catalyst supports, Pt-containing alloys, non-Pt catalysts, and nanocarbon composites for electrolyte membranes and corrosion protection. Notable findings include the importance of heteroatom doping in enhancing reactivity, the effectiveness of organic–inorganic composite proton exchange membranes in improving proton conductivity, and the potential of amorphous carbon film coatings and conductive polymer-nanocarbon composites in enhancing corrosion resistance. These advancements underscore the potential of nanocarbon-based catalysts and coatings in ensuring the reliability and longevity of fuel cell components, thus contributing to the widespread commercialization of fuel cell technology.
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Zhang B., Ma P., Wang R., Cao H., Bao J.
AbstractDesigning efficient and durable electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is essential for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Platinum‐based catalysts are considered efficient ORR catalysts due to their high activity. However, the degradation of Pt species leads to poor durability of catalysts, limiting their applications in PEMFCs. Herein, a Janus heterostructure is designed for high durability ORR in acidic media. The Janus heterostructure composes of crystalline platinum and cassiterite tin oxide nanoparticles with carbon support (J‐Pt@SnO2/C). Based on the synchrotron fine structure analysis and electrochemical investigation, the crystalline reconstruction and charge redistribution at the interface of Janus structure are revealed. The tightly coupled interface could optimize the valance states of Pt and the adsorption/desorption of oxygenated intermediates. As a result, the J‐Pt@SnO2/C catalyst possesses distinguishing long‐term stability during the accelerated durability test without obvious degradation after 40 000 cycles and keeps the majority of activity after 70 000 cycles. Meanwhile, the catalyst exhibits outstanding activity with half‐wave potential at 0.905 V and a mass activity of 0.355 A mgPt−1 (2.7 times higher than Pt/C). The approach of the Janus catalyst paves an avenue for designing highly efficient and stable Pt‐based ORR catalyst in the future implementation.
Feng Y., Xie J., Zhao G., Li X., Wang J., Ding W., Wei Z.
Developing a fast diagnostic technology for membranes and accurately predicting the lifetime of membranes that can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost and overcome the technical barriers of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) lifetime. This paper focuses on developing an ex-situ accelerated chemical degradation method and investigating the impact of chemical degradation on membrane structure and fuel cell performance. The results show that voltage drop and hydrogen permeation current can detect the state online and predict the remaining lifetime of membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The aging rate is faster by three orders of magnitude than that of the published results by the established aging way. This study provides an additional decision for evaluating performance degradation and fuel cell system optimization, which could potentially lead to further improvements in the efficiency and durability of PEMFC systems.
Wang K., Zhou T., Cao Z., Yuan Z., He H., Fan M., Jiang Z.
The catalyst layers (CLs) electrode is the key component of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Conventional electrodes for PEMFCs are composed of carbon-supported, ionomer, and Pt nanoparticles, all immersed together and sprayed with a micron-level thickness of CLs. They have a performance trade-off where increasing the Pt loading leads to higher performance of abundant triple-phase boundary areas but increases the electrode cost. Major challenges must be overcome before realizing its wide commercialization. Literature research revealed that it is impossible to achieve performance and durability targets with only high-performance catalysts, so the controllable design of CLs architecture in MEAs for PEMFCs must now be the top priority to meet industry goals. From this perspective, a 3D ordered electrode circumvents this issue with a support-free architecture and ultrathin thickness while reducing noble metal Pt loadings. Herein, we discuss the motivation in-depth and summarize the necessary CLs structural features for designing ultralow Pt loading electrodes. Critical issues that remain in progress for 3D ordered CLs must be studied and characterized. Furthermore, approaches for 3D ordered CLs architecture electrode development, involving material design, structure optimization, preparation technology, and characterization techniques, are summarized and are expected to be next-generation CLs for PEMFCs. Finally, the review concludes with perspectives on possible research directions of CL architecture to address the significant challenges in the future.
Jithul K.P., Tamilarasi B., Pandey J.
Green hydrogen–fueled low-temperature proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells have emerged as one of the most attractive technologies for electric-vehicle (EV) applications due to their high efficiency, zero emissions, and potential for renewable energy integration. The performance of the PEM fuel cells is significantly affected by the electrochemical activity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst. This review comprehensively examines the role of ORR electrocatalysts in PEM fuel cell efficiency for portable, transport, and stationary applications. In this direction, we discuss the fundamentals of PEM fuel cell operation, the critical role of electrocatalysts, and advanced characterization techniques. A detailed overview of ORR electrocatalyst types, including platinum-based, non-noble metal-based, and carbon-supported as well as noncarbon supported, is presented, emphasizing recent advancements in design and synthesis. The review concludes with discussing current challenges and future directions for ORR electrocatalyst development. Understanding the characteristics and recent developments of ORR catalysts is essential for researchers and engineers to optimize the performance and durability of PEM fuel cells, thereby promoting the wider adoption of clean and efficient energy technologies. By providing insights into electrocatalyst characteristics and emerging trends, this work aims to accelerate the adoption of clean and efficient PEM fuel cell technology.
Bayan Y., Paperzh K., Pankov I., Alekseenko A.
There are numerous carbon materials that are deemed promising for use as supports in electrocatalysts for PEMFCs. We have carried out a comparative analysis of compositional, morphological and electrochemical characteristics of the platinum–carbon catalysts synthesized by a single method on various carbon supports (Vulcan XC-72, Ketjenblack EC-300 J, Ketjenblack EC-600JD and N-doped Ketjenblack EC-600JD) and the commercial electrocatalyst. The Pt/C materials obtained on highly dispersed supports (from 800 m2 g−1) exhibit almost 1.5 times greater ORR activity compared to those with a specific surface area of less than 250 m2 g−1. Doping of a highly dispersed support with nitrogen leads to a 30 % increase in the durability of the catalysts based thereon. The resulting Pt/C on the N-doped support exhibits an ESA of more than 110 m2 g−1 and an ORR mass activity of about 430 A g-1Pt, which correspond to the DOE targets and are 1.6 and 1.7 times higher than those of the commercial analog.
Gu H., Peng C., Qian Z., Lv S., Feng J., Luo K., Zhan M., Xu P., Xu X.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is considered as a highly efficient and clean energy conversion technology, however, as the power density increases, conventional gas channels exhibit low mass transfer efficiency and high pumping power consumption. In this study, a novelly designed structure of gas channel with groove baffles is proposed, and a numerical simulation of three-dimensional, multi-physical field is conducted. The traditional smooth flow channel and the rectangular baffled channel are compared with the groove baffled channel. It is found that the pressure drop of the groove baffled channel is substantially less than the rectangular baffled channel, and the current density is higher than that of the traditional smooth flow channel. To obtain the optimal structural parameter of the groove baffle, the genetic algorithm is applied in this study. According to the results, the optimal comprehensive output performance of the cell is achieved for a groove height and width of 0.479 mm and 0.841 mm, respectively. At an operating potential of 0.5 V, the power density of PEMFC with the optimal structure is 3.2 % more than the traditional smooth flow channel. While compared with the rectangular baffled channel, the pumping power consumption is 53.6 % much lower and the overall efficiency is 2.1 % higher for the optimal groove baffled channel. This study will provide guidance for the design and optimization of the PEMFC's gas channels.
Zasypkina A.A., Ivanova N.A., Spasov D.D., Mensharapov R.M., Sinyakov M.V., Grigoriev S.A.
The global issue for proton exchange membrane fuel cell market development is a reduction in the device cost through an increase in efficiency of the oxygen reduction reaction occurring at the cathode and an extension of the service life of the electrochemical device. Losses in the fuel cell performance are due to various degradation mechanisms in the catalytic layers taking place under conditions of high electric potential, temperature, and humidity. This review is devoted to recent advances in the field of increasing the efficiency and durability of electrocatalysts and other electrode materials by introducing structured carbon components into their composition. The main synthesis methods, physicochemical and electrochemical properties of materials, and performance of devices on their basis are presented. The main correlations between the composition and properties of structured carbon electrode materials, which can provide successful solutions to the highlighted issues, are revealed.
Wu A., Wei G., Min Y., Huang J., Gao A., Wang L.
The advantages of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells lie in their applicability to heavy machinery, requiring high power density. However, the commercial membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with polytetrafluoroethylene binders in catalyst layer (CLs) has low cell performance. In this study, hydrophobic mesoporous silica (HM-SiO2) is successfully prepared and incorporated into CL with a novel bipyridyl polybenzimidazole (Py-PBI) binders reported in our previous work. The HM-SiO2 can partially react with phosphoric acid (PA) to generate colloidal silicophosphoric acid. This can immobilize PA within the CL, prevent it from poisoning the platinum-carbon (Pt–C) catalyst. Owing to the partial dissolution of HM-SiO2, the HM-SiO2 is advantageous for decreasing the resistance to oxygen and steam transport. The MEA with 15 wt% HM-SiO2 exhibits a peak power density of 714 mW cm−2 at 160 °C under 0.6 mg cm−2 Pt, which is a considerable improvement compared with that with commercial binder (260 mW cm−2). The MEA with 15 wt% HM-SiO2 also demonstrates excellent stability in long-term stability test. Controlling PA distribution and gas transport by using HM-SiO2 is an effective strategy for improving the cell performance.
Liu P., Yang D., Li B., Qu T., Ming P., Zhang C., Pan X.
Within catalyst inks, the agglomeration of carbon-supported Pt nanoparticles (Pt/C NPs) stands out as a primary destabilizing factor. This study simulates the agglomeration process of particles under varying ionic strengths (ISs), employing the Brownian motion of Pt/C NPs and inter-particle forces. The energy barriers (EBs) within particles govern particle interactions, subsequently translating into the adhesive efficiency of particle collisions (α). By modulating the ISs in Ink-P (IS = 0.00182), Ink-01 (IS = 0.01), and Ink-001 (IS = 0.001), the Zeta potential and EBs are diminished, thereby increasing α. Structural parameters of agglomerates during the agglomeration process, such as fractal dimension (df) and porosity, are computationally assessed using Matlab. The simulated df for Ink-P, Ink-001, and Ink-01 are 1.82, 1.62, and 1.54, respectively, while the experimentally measured df are 1.92–1.95, 1.67–1.7, and 1.56–1.59, confirming the effectiveness of the simulation method. High α led to isotropic growth of agglomerates, resulting in higher df. Increased IS causes compression of the electric double layer and higher α, ultimately leading to rapid destabilization of the ink. This method not only enhances comprehension of nanoscale particle agglomeration, explaining variations in ink stability and agglomerate structures, but also broadens its applicability to diverse nanoparticle dispersion systems.
Zhang R., Chen T., Zhang R., Gan Z.
AbstractIn low‐temperature environment, the residual water in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) will freeze after the operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, which will cause damage to the MEA. In this paper, the effect of freeze–thaw cycles on MEA was studied. Six sets of MEA samples with 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 times freeze–thaw cycles were set up, and the damage on MEAs is analyzed by polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectra, cyclic voltammetry curves, and scanning electron microscope. It was found that the freeze–thaw cycles caused degradation on MEA, and the ohmic resistance of MEA increases with the number of cycles increases before the 60 freeze–thaw cycles, and after 60 freeze–thaw cycles, a gap appeared between the proton exchange membrane (PEM) and the catalyst layer, which led to more water entering the PEM and the ohmic resistance of MEA decreased. Besides, according to the data analysis, the experimental samples are divided into three categories (normal MEA, lightly damaged MEA, and seriously damaged MEA). A classifier model combining inception network and light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) was established, and it was found that the combined model was better than inception–dense and LGBM for classification, reaching 96.89%.
Verma V., Choudhury S.R., Rathour V., Choudhury S.R., Ganesan V.
Using a well-known sol-gel technique, monodispersed silica spheres measuring 380 nm in size are generated in situ. These silica spheres serve as a template for the synthesis of hollow core mesoporous shell (HCMS) carbon spheres. Inside the pores of the template, a polymer is synthesized using azoisobutyronitrile and divinylbenzene polymerization route. Polymer carbonization followed by template remotion yielded HCMS carbon spheres. This HCMS carbon is mesoporous and offers uniform Pt crystallite distribution for acid fuel cell applications. As-prepared HCMS carbon is examined by field emission gun SEM, TEM, nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm (BET surface area and BJH pore size distribution analysis), and apparent density using Helium pycnometry. The HCMS carbon obtained demonstrates a BET surface area of 623 m2g-1, showcasing a uniform pore size distribution centered at 3.8 nm. This specific characteristic renders it an ideal support material for fuel cell catalysts. The electrochemical studies reveal the key parameters like corrosion resistance, bulk electrical conductivity, the electrochemical surface area of Pt chemically deposited on HCMS carbon, and unit fuel cell performance under phosphoric acid environment. These parameters are compared with the standard carbon powder, Vulcan XC72R and a commercial catalyst to evaluate the HCMS carbons' suitability for fuel cell applications.
Peera S.G., Menon R.S., Das S.K., Alfantazi A., Karuppasamy K., Liu C., Sahu A.K.
Doped carbon materials, particularly N-doped carbon catalysts, have drawn considerable attention in recent years as metal-free catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) and as a carbon corrosive resistance support for Pt and non-Pt nanoparticles. While nitrogen-doped carbons (N-doped carbons) were once the standard, F-doped carbons (F-doped carbons) have recently overtaken their popularity. This is because F doping gives carbon materials unique properties that not only differ from the N-doped carbons but also significantly improves the ORR activity and especially the durability. Being the highest electronegative element of the periodic table, F-doping can efficiently modify the electronic band structure of the carbon materials favoring for ORR. The edge F doping to the carbon is found to improve carbon corrosion resistance more than any other heteroatom doped catalyst discovered previously, including N doped carbons, both in highly acidic, alkaline pH conditions and high oxidative potentials that exists in the fuel cell including start-up and shut-down conditions. In this review, the fundamental understanding of effect of F-doping/F co-doping on the electrocatalytic reduction of O2 into H2O and OH− in acidic and alkaline pH conditions, effect of F doping on stability and durability of fuel cell catalysts, careful considerations/guidelines one needs to know before working with F doped carbons (F doping advantages vs. poisoning effect on Pt or M/F-C (M = transition metal) catalysts, are being reviewed systematically. Finally, several strategies for future research directions on F-doped carbons were proposed to bridge the gap between laboratory-scale assessment to commercial aspects.
Total publications
35
Total citations
274
Citations per publication
7.83
Average publications per year
4.38
Average coauthors
5.94
Publications years
2018-2025 (8 years)
h-index
9
i10-index
8
m-index
1.13
o-index
20
g-index
15
w-index
3
Metrics description
h-index
A scientist has an h-index if h of his N publications are cited at least h times each, while the remaining (N - h) publications are cited no more than h times each.
i10-index
The number of the author's publications that received at least 10 links each.
m-index
The researcher's m-index is numerically equal to the ratio of his h-index to the number of years that have passed since the first publication.
o-index
The geometric mean of the h-index and the number of citations of the most cited article of the scientist.
g-index
For a given set of articles, sorted in descending order of the number of citations that these articles received, the g-index is the largest number such that the g most cited articles received (in total) at least g2 citations.
w-index
If w articles of a researcher have at least 10w citations each and other publications are less than 10(w+1) citations, then the researcher's w-index is equal to w.
Top-100
Fields of science
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
|
|
Condensed Matter Physics
|
Condensed Matter Physics, 9, 25.71%
Condensed Matter Physics
9 publications, 25.71%
|
General Materials Science
|
General Materials Science, 6, 17.14%
General Materials Science
6 publications, 17.14%
|
Catalysis
|
Catalysis, 5, 14.29%
Catalysis
5 publications, 14.29%
|
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
|
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 5, 14.29%
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
5 publications, 14.29%
|
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
|
Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 4, 11.43%
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
4 publications, 11.43%
|
Fuel Technology
|
Fuel Technology, 4, 11.43%
Fuel Technology
4 publications, 11.43%
|
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
|
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, 4, 11.43%
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
4 publications, 11.43%
|
Inorganic Chemistry
|
Inorganic Chemistry, 3, 8.57%
Inorganic Chemistry
3 publications, 8.57%
|
General Medicine
|
General Medicine, 3, 8.57%
General Medicine
3 publications, 8.57%
|
General Engineering
|
General Engineering, 3, 8.57%
General Engineering
3 publications, 8.57%
|
General Physics and Astronomy
|
General Physics and Astronomy, 2, 5.71%
General Physics and Astronomy
2 publications, 5.71%
|
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
|
Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2, 5.71%
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
2 publications, 5.71%
|
Bioengineering
|
Bioengineering, 2, 5.71%
Bioengineering
2 publications, 5.71%
|
Biomedical Engineering
|
Biomedical Engineering, 2, 5.71%
Biomedical Engineering
2 publications, 5.71%
|
General Environmental Science
|
General Environmental Science, 2, 5.71%
General Environmental Science
2 publications, 5.71%
|
Engineering (miscellaneous)
|
Engineering (miscellaneous), 2, 5.71%
Engineering (miscellaneous)
2 publications, 5.71%
|
General Chemistry
|
General Chemistry, 1, 2.86%
General Chemistry
1 publication, 2.86%
|
General Chemical Engineering
|
General Chemical Engineering, 1, 2.86%
General Chemical Engineering
1 publication, 2.86%
|
Analytical Chemistry
|
Analytical Chemistry, 1, 2.86%
Analytical Chemistry
1 publication, 2.86%
|
Electrochemistry
|
Electrochemistry, 1, 2.86%
Electrochemistry
1 publication, 2.86%
|
Process Chemistry and Technology
|
Process Chemistry and Technology, 1, 2.86%
Process Chemistry and Technology
1 publication, 2.86%
|
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
|
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 1, 2.86%
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
1 publication, 2.86%
|
Polymers and Plastics
|
Polymers and Plastics, 1, 2.86%
Polymers and Plastics
1 publication, 2.86%
|
Environmental Chemistry
|
Environmental Chemistry, 1, 2.86%
Environmental Chemistry
1 publication, 2.86%
|
Environmental Engineering
|
Environmental Engineering, 1, 2.86%
Environmental Engineering
1 publication, 2.86%
|
Nuclear and High Energy Physics
|
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 1, 2.86%
Nuclear and High Energy Physics
1 publication, 2.86%
|
Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)
|
Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous), 1, 2.86%
Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)
1 publication, 2.86%
|
Filtration and Separation
|
Filtration and Separation, 1, 2.86%
Filtration and Separation
1 publication, 2.86%
|
Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
|
Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, 1, 2.86%
Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
1 publication, 2.86%
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
|
Journals
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
|
Catalysts
6 publications, 17.14%
|
|
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
5 publications, 14.29%
|
|
Chemical Problems
4 publications, 11.43%
|
|
Nanotechnologies in Russia
3 publications, 8.57%
|
|
Inorganics
3 publications, 8.57%
|
|
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
2 publications, 5.71%
|
|
Nanobiotechnology Reports
2 publications, 5.71%
|
|
Moscow University Physics Bulletin (English Translation of Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, Fizika)
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
Membranes
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
Electroanalysis
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
Polymers
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
Process Safety and Environmental Protection
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
Physics of Atomic Nuclei
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
Materials
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
Hydrogen
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
Citing journals
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
|
|
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
45 citations, 16.3%
|
|
Catalysts
41 citations, 14.86%
|
|
Nanotechnologies in Russia
18 citations, 6.52%
|
|
Inorganics
16 citations, 5.8%
|
|
Nanobiotechnology Reports
10 citations, 3.62%
|
|
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
8 citations, 2.9%
|
|
Polymers
6 citations, 2.17%
|
|
Hydrogen
6 citations, 2.17%
|
|
Energy & Fuels
5 citations, 1.81%
|
|
Electroanalysis
5 citations, 1.81%
|
|
Journal not defined
|
Journal not defined, 4, 1.45%
Journal not defined
4 citations, 1.45%
|
Membranes
4 citations, 1.45%
|
|
Energies
4 citations, 1.45%
|
|
Journal of the Electrochemical Society
3 citations, 1.09%
|
|
Renewable Energy
3 citations, 1.09%
|
|
ChemCatChem
3 citations, 1.09%
|
|
Frontiers in Energy Research
3 citations, 1.09%
|
|
C – Journal of Carbon Research
3 citations, 1.09%
|
|
ACS applied materials & interfaces
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
RSC Advances
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
Moscow University Physics Bulletin (English Translation of Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, Fizika)
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
Journal of Alloys and Compounds
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
Surface and Coatings Technology
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
Ceramics International
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
Electrochimica Acta
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
Sustainability
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
Applied Catalysis B: Environmental
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
Russian Chemical Reviews
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
Materials
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
SN Applied Sciences
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta Seriya 3 Fizika Astronomiya
2 citations, 0.72%
|
|
Polymer Science - Series A
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Green Chemistry
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Catalysis Surveys from Asia
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
ACS Catalysis
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Molecular Catalysis
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Electrochemistry
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Inorganic Materials
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Russian Journal of Electrochemistry
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Energy Conversion and Management
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Nanomaterials
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Energy and Environmental Science
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Materials Today Sustainability
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Vacuum
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Journal of Materials Science
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Applied Surface Science
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Solid State Ionics
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Current Opinion in Electrochemistry
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Diamond and Related Materials
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Chinese Journal of Catalysis
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Journal of Inorganic Materials
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Journal of Power Sources
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Microchemical Journal
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
International Journal of Electrochemical Science
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Crystals
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Chemical Engineering Journal
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Indian Chemical Engineer
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
International Journal of Energy Research
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Journal of Energy Storage
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Theoretical Chemistry Accounts
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Nano-Structures and Nano-Objects
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Energy Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Process Safety and Environmental Protection
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Journal of Nanomaterials
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Chemical Society Reviews
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Food Chemistry
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
ChemPlusChem
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Separation and Purification Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Chemosphere
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
BMC Chemistry
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Materials Today: Proceedings
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Coatings
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Technical Physics Letters
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Advanced Materials
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Small Structures
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Surfaces
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Technologies
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
International Journal of Energy and Water Resources
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Carbon Neutralization
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Electrochemical Materials and Technologies
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Power engineering research equipment technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Мембраны и Мембранные технологии
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Высокомолекулярные соединения А
1 citation, 0.36%
|
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Show all (63 more) | |
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
|
Publishers
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
|
|
MDPI
13 publications, 37.14%
|
|
Pleiades Publishing
7 publications, 20%
|
|
Elsevier
6 publications, 17.14%
|
|
Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry
4 publications, 11.43%
|
|
IOP Publishing
2 publications, 5.71%
|
|
Wiley
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
|
Organizations from articles
5
10
15
20
25
30
|
|
National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute"
27 publications, 77.14%
|
|
Moscow Power Engineering Institute
22 publications, 62.86%
|
|
North-West University
14 publications, 40%
|
|
Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia
10 publications, 28.57%
|
|
Organization not defined
|
Organization not defined, 8, 22.86%
Organization not defined
8 publications, 22.86%
|
A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences
6 publications, 17.14%
|
|
Lomonosov Moscow State University
5 publications, 14.29%
|
|
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
2 publications, 5.71%
|
|
Université Paris-Saclay
2 publications, 5.71%
|
|
N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
Institute of Applied Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
MIREA — Russian Technological University
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
1 publication, 2.86%
|
|
5
10
15
20
25
30
|
Countries from articles
5
10
15
20
25
30
|
|
Russia
|
Russia, 30, 85.71%
Russia
30 publications, 85.71%
|
South Africa
|
South Africa, 14, 40%
South Africa
14 publications, 40%
|
Country not defined
|
Country not defined, 6, 17.14%
Country not defined
6 publications, 17.14%
|
France
|
France, 2, 5.71%
France
2 publications, 5.71%
|
Kazakhstan
|
Kazakhstan, 1, 2.86%
Kazakhstan
1 publication, 2.86%
|
China
|
China, 1, 2.86%
China
1 publication, 2.86%
|
5
10
15
20
25
30
|
Citing organizations
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
|
|
National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute"
44 citations, 16.06%
|
|
Organization not defined
|
Organization not defined, 36, 13.14%
Organization not defined
36 citations, 13.14%
|
Moscow Power Engineering Institute
36 citations, 13.14%
|
|
North-West University
25 citations, 9.12%
|
|
Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia
11 citations, 4.01%
|
|
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
9 citations, 3.28%
|
|
A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences
8 citations, 2.92%
|
|
Federal Research Center of Problem of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS
7 citations, 2.55%
|
|
Lomonosov Moscow State University
6 citations, 2.19%
|
|
Université Paris-Saclay
6 citations, 2.19%
|
|
Southern Federal University
4 citations, 1.46%
|
|
N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
3 citations, 1.09%
|
|
A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Ural Federal University
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Islamic University of Madinah
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Grenoble Alpes University
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Southwest University
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Mutah University
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Xiamen University
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
National Institute for Materials Science
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Qingdao University of Science and Technology
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
City University of Hong Kong
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Helmholtz Centre for Materials and Energy
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
National University of Defense Technology
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
University of the Basque Country
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
University of Erlangen–Nuremberg
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Korea Institute of Industrial Technology
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Forschungszentrum Jülich
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
École Normale Supérieure de Lyon
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Beni-Suef University
2 citations, 0.73%
|
|
Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Institute of Solid State Chemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Institute of Electrophysics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Institute of Applied Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
MIREA — Russian Technological University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Kuban State University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
National University of Oil and Gas «Gubkin University»
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
King Abdulaziz University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Jazan University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Iran University of Science and Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Indian Institute of Science
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Ataturk University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Izmir Institute of Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Vellore Institute of Technology University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Indian Institute of Technology Madras
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Jadavpur University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Research Institute of Petroleum Industry Tehran
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
University of Central Punjab
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Atilim University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
SRM Institute of Science and Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Duy Tan University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Tongji University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Dalian University of Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
National University of Malaysia
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Malaysian Nuclear Agency
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Nanjing Tech University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Nanjing University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Beijing University of Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
China University of Petroleum (East China)
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Wuhan University of Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Wuhan Institute of Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Southwest University of Science and Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Australian National University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Sun Yat-sen University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
University of New South Wales
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Henan Normal University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
University of Turin
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Imperial College London
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Shandong Normal University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Queen Mary University of London
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Norwegian University of Science and Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Tianjin University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Shanxi University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Technical University of Denmark
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Manchester Metropolitan University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
University of Southampton
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
National Central University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
University of Birmingham
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
National Chung Hsing University
1 citation, 0.36%
|
|
Show all (70 more) | |
5
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30
35
40
45
|
Citing countries
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
|
|
Russia
|
Russia, 64, 23.36%
Russia
64 citations, 23.36%
|
China
|
China, 39, 14.23%
China
39 citations, 14.23%
|
South Africa
|
South Africa, 25, 9.12%
South Africa
25 citations, 9.12%
|
Country not defined
|
Country not defined, 23, 8.39%
Country not defined
23 citations, 8.39%
|
France
|
France, 13, 4.74%
France
13 citations, 4.74%
|
Spain
|
Spain, 8, 2.92%
Spain
8 citations, 2.92%
|
Germany
|
Germany, 6, 2.19%
Germany
6 citations, 2.19%
|
United Kingdom
|
United Kingdom, 6, 2.19%
United Kingdom
6 citations, 2.19%
|
Japan
|
Japan, 6, 2.19%
Japan
6 citations, 2.19%
|
USA
|
USA, 5, 1.82%
USA
5 citations, 1.82%
|
Australia
|
Australia, 5, 1.82%
Australia
5 citations, 1.82%
|
India
|
India, 5, 1.82%
India
5 citations, 1.82%
|
Italy
|
Italy, 5, 1.82%
Italy
5 citations, 1.82%
|
Republic of Korea
|
Republic of Korea, 5, 1.82%
Republic of Korea
5 citations, 1.82%
|
Brazil
|
Brazil, 4, 1.46%
Brazil
4 citations, 1.46%
|
Canada
|
Canada, 4, 1.46%
Canada
4 citations, 1.46%
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Saudi Arabia, 4, 1.46%
Saudi Arabia
4 citations, 1.46%
|
Czech Republic
|
Czech Republic, 3, 1.09%
Czech Republic
3 citations, 1.09%
|
Kazakhstan
|
Kazakhstan, 2, 0.73%
Kazakhstan
2 citations, 0.73%
|
Austria
|
Austria, 2, 0.73%
Austria
2 citations, 0.73%
|
Denmark
|
Denmark, 2, 0.73%
Denmark
2 citations, 0.73%
|
Egypt
|
Egypt, 2, 0.73%
Egypt
2 citations, 0.73%
|
Israel
|
Israel, 2, 0.73%
Israel
2 citations, 0.73%
|
Indonesia
|
Indonesia, 2, 0.73%
Indonesia
2 citations, 0.73%
|
Jordan
|
Jordan, 2, 0.73%
Jordan
2 citations, 0.73%
|
Iran
|
Iran, 2, 0.73%
Iran
2 citations, 0.73%
|
Thailand
|
Thailand, 2, 0.73%
Thailand
2 citations, 0.73%
|
Turkey
|
Turkey, 2, 0.73%
Turkey
2 citations, 0.73%
|
Ukraine
|
Ukraine, 1, 0.36%
Ukraine
1 citation, 0.36%
|
Estonia
|
Estonia, 1, 0.36%
Estonia
1 citation, 0.36%
|
Vietnam
|
Vietnam, 1, 0.36%
Vietnam
1 citation, 0.36%
|
Greece
|
Greece, 1, 0.36%
Greece
1 citation, 0.36%
|
Malaysia
|
Malaysia, 1, 0.36%
Malaysia
1 citation, 0.36%
|
Morocco
|
Morocco, 1, 0.36%
Morocco
1 citation, 0.36%
|
Norway
|
Norway, 1, 0.36%
Norway
1 citation, 0.36%
|
Pakistan
|
Pakistan, 1, 0.36%
Pakistan
1 citation, 0.36%
|
Poland
|
Poland, 1, 0.36%
Poland
1 citation, 0.36%
|
Romania
|
Romania, 1, 0.36%
Romania
1 citation, 0.36%
|
Sao Tome and Principe
|
Sao Tome and Principe, 1, 0.36%
Sao Tome and Principe
1 citation, 0.36%
|
Slovenia
|
Slovenia, 1, 0.36%
Slovenia
1 citation, 0.36%
|
Show all (10 more) | |
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
|
- We do not take into account publications without a DOI.
- Statistics recalculated daily.
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