0000-0003-2805-0117

9041684600

X-7584-2018

Liya Alekseevna Vituhnovskaya

N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Publications

Citations

113

h-index

Found

Total publications

Total citations

113

Citations per publication

7.53

Average publications per year

0.63

Average coauthors

3.87

Publications years

2001-2024 (24 years)

h-index

i10-index

m-index

0.29

o-index

g-index

w-index

Metrics description

h-index

A scientist has an h-index if h of his N publications are cited at least h times each, while the remaining (N - h) publications are cited no more than h times each.

https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.0507655102

i10-index

The number of the author's publications that received at least 10 links each.

https://scholar.googleblog.com/2011/11/google-scholar-citations-open-to-all.html

m-index

The researcher's m-index is numerically equal to the ratio of his h-index to the number of years that have passed since the first publication.

https://harzing.com/publications/white-papers/reflections-on-the-h-index

o-index

The geometric mean of the h-index and the number of citations of the most cited article of the scientist.

https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.01545

g-index

For a given set of articles, sorted in descending order of the number of citations that these articles received, the g-index is the largest number such that the g most cited articles received (in total) at least g² citations.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-006-0144-7

w-index

If w articles of a researcher have at least 10w citations each and other publications are less than 10(w+1) citations, then the researcher's w-index is equal to w.

https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.21276

Top-100

Fields of science

	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Biochemistry	Biochemistry, 8, 53.33% Biochemistry 8 publications, 53.33%
Biophysics	Biophysics, 7, 46.67% Biophysics 7 publications, 46.67%
Cell Biology	Cell Biology, 6, 40% Cell Biology 6 publications, 40%
Molecular Biology	Molecular Biology, 3, 20% Molecular Biology 3 publications, 20%
General Medicine	General Medicine, 3, 20% General Medicine 3 publications, 20%
Structural Biology	Structural Biology, 2, 13.33% Structural Biology 2 publications, 13.33%
Physiology	Physiology, 2, 13.33% Physiology 2 publications, 13.33%
Genetics	Genetics, 1, 6.67% Genetics 1 publication, 6.67%
Plant Science	Plant Science, 1, 6.67% Plant Science 1 publication, 6.67%
Microbiology	Microbiology, 1, 6.67% Microbiology 1 publication, 6.67%
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology	Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 1, 6.67% Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 1 publication, 6.67%
Condensed Matter Physics	Condensed Matter Physics, 1, 6.67% Condensed Matter Physics 1 publication, 6.67%
Energy Engineering and Power Technology	Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 1, 6.67% Energy Engineering and Power Technology 1 publication, 6.67%
Fuel Technology	Fuel Technology, 1, 6.67% Fuel Technology 1 publication, 6.67%
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, 1, 6.67% Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment 1 publication, 6.67%
Geriatrics and Gerontology	Geriatrics and Gerontology, 1, 6.67% Geriatrics and Gerontology 1 publication, 6.67%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous)	Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous), 1, 6.67% Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous) 1 publication, 6.67%
	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Journals

	1 2 3 4
Biochemistry (Moscow)	Biochemistry (Moscow), 4, 26.67% Biochemistry (Moscow) 4 publications, 26.67%
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics	Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics, 3, 20% Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics 3 publications, 20%
Biophysical Reviews	Biophysical Reviews, 1, 6.67% Biophysical Reviews 1 publication, 6.67%
FEBS Letters	FEBS Letters, 1, 6.67% FEBS Letters 1 publication, 6.67%
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy	International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 1, 6.67% International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 1 publication, 6.67%
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications	Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1, 6.67% Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1 publication, 6.67%
Photosynthetica	Photosynthetica, 1, 6.67% Photosynthetica 1 publication, 6.67%
International Journal of Molecular Sciences	International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 1, 6.67% International Journal of Molecular Sciences 1 publication, 6.67%
Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes	Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, 1, 6.67% Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes 1 publication, 6.67%
Microbiology	Microbiology, 1, 6.67% Microbiology 1 publication, 6.67%
	1 2 3 4

Citing journals

	2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Biochemistry (Moscow)	Biochemistry (Moscow), 13, 11.21% Biochemistry (Moscow) 13 citations, 11.21%
Photosynthesis Research	Photosynthesis Research, 13, 11.21% Photosynthesis Research 13 citations, 11.21%
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics	Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics, 8, 6.9% Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics 8 citations, 6.9%
Biophysics (Russian Federation)	Biophysics (Russian Federation), 7, 6.03% Biophysics (Russian Federation) 7 citations, 6.03%
BioSystems	BioSystems, 6, 5.17% BioSystems 6 citations, 5.17%
Биохимия	Биохимия, 6, 5.17% Биохимия 6 citations, 5.17%
Biophysical Reviews	Biophysical Reviews, 4, 3.45% Biophysical Reviews 4 citations, 3.45%
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology	Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 4, 3.45% Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 4 citations, 3.45%
International Journal of Molecular Sciences	International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 4, 3.45% International Journal of Molecular Sciences 4 citations, 3.45%
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy	International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 3, 2.59% International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 3 citations, 2.59%
Russian Journal of Plant Physiology	Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 3, 2.59% Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 3 citations, 2.59%
Applied Magnetic Resonance	Applied Magnetic Resonance, 3, 2.59% Applied Magnetic Resonance 3 citations, 2.59%
Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics	Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2, 1.72% Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics 2 citations, 1.72%
Biochemistry (Moscow) Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology	Biochemistry (Moscow) Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology, 2, 1.72% Biochemistry (Moscow) Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology 2 citations, 1.72%
Physics of Wave Phenomena	Physics of Wave Phenomena, 2, 1.72% Physics of Wave Phenomena 2 citations, 1.72%
Photosynthetica	Photosynthetica, 2, 1.72% Photosynthetica 2 citations, 1.72%
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry	Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2, 1.72% Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2 citations, 1.72%
Horticulturae	Horticulturae, 2, 1.72% Horticulturae 2 citations, 1.72%
Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration	Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, 2, 1.72% Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration 2 citations, 1.72%
Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry	Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 1, 0.86% Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 1 citation, 0.86%
FEBS Letters	FEBS Letters, 1, 0.86% FEBS Letters 1 citation, 0.86%
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics	Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 1, 0.86% Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 1 citation, 0.86%
Frontiers in Plant Science	Frontiers in Plant Science, 1, 0.86% Frontiers in Plant Science 1 citation, 0.86%
Protein Science	Protein Science, 1, 0.86% Protein Science 1 citation, 0.86%
Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology	Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, 1, 0.86% Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology 1 citation, 0.86%
Medicinal Chemistry Research	Medicinal Chemistry Research, 1, 0.86% Medicinal Chemistry Research 1 citation, 0.86%
Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A	Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 1, 0.86% Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A 1 citation, 0.86%
Membranes	Membranes, 1, 0.86% Membranes 1 citation, 0.86%
Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology	Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 1, 0.86% Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 1 citation, 0.86%
Chemical Communications	Chemical Communications, 1, 0.86% Chemical Communications 1 citation, 0.86%
mBio	mBio, 1, 0.86% mBio 1 citation, 0.86%
Extremophiles	Extremophiles, 1, 0.86% Extremophiles 1 citation, 0.86%
High Energy Chemistry	High Energy Chemistry, 1, 0.86% High Energy Chemistry 1 citation, 0.86%
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics	Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 1, 0.86% Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 1 citation, 0.86%
Chemical Engineering Journal	Chemical Engineering Journal, 1, 0.86% Chemical Engineering Journal 1 citation, 0.86%
Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B	Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 1, 0.86% Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B 1 citation, 0.86%
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology	Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 1, 0.86% Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 1 citation, 0.86%
New Phytologist	New Phytologist, 1, 0.86% New Phytologist 1 citation, 0.86%
Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology	Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1, 0.86% Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 1 citation, 0.86%
Separation and Purification Technology	Separation and Purification Technology, 1, 0.86% Separation and Purification Technology 1 citation, 0.86%
Solar Energy	Solar Energy, 1, 0.86% Solar Energy 1 citation, 0.86%
Journal of Experimental Botany	Journal of Experimental Botany, 1, 0.86% Journal of Experimental Botany 1 citation, 0.86%
Frontiers in Microbiology	Frontiers in Microbiology, 1, 0.86% Frontiers in Microbiology 1 citation, 0.86%
Journal of the Optical Society of America B: Optical Physics	Journal of the Optical Society of America B: Optical Physics, 1, 0.86% Journal of the Optical Society of America B: Optical Physics 1 citation, 0.86%
ChemPhotoChem	ChemPhotoChem, 1, 0.86% ChemPhotoChem 1 citation, 0.86%
Вестник Российской академии наук	Вестник Российской академии наук, 1, 0.86% Вестник Российской академии наук 1 citation, 0.86%
Horticultural Research (Japan)	Horticultural Research (Japan), 1, 0.86% Horticultural Research (Japan) 1 citation, 0.86%

	2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Publishers

	1 2 3 4 5
Elsevier	Elsevier, 5, 33.33% Elsevier 5 publications, 33.33%
Pleiades Publishing	Pleiades Publishing, 5, 33.33% Pleiades Publishing 5 publications, 33.33%
Springer Nature	Springer Nature, 2, 13.33% Springer Nature 2 publications, 13.33%
Wiley	Wiley, 1, 6.67% Wiley 1 publication, 6.67%
MDPI	MDPI, 1, 6.67% MDPI 1 publication, 6.67%
Institute of Experimental Botany	Institute of Experimental Botany, 1, 6.67% Institute of Experimental Botany 1 publication, 6.67%
	1 2 3 4 5

Organizations from articles

	2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Lomonosov Moscow State University	Lomonosov Moscow State University, 14, 93.33% Lomonosov Moscow State University 14 publications, 93.33%
N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences	N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, 53.33% N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences 8 publications, 53.33%
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology	Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 2, 13.33% Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology 2 publications, 13.33%
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University	Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2, 13.33% Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University 2 publications, 13.33%
University of Bologna	University of Bologna, 2, 13.33% University of Bologna 2 publications, 13.33%
Organization not defined	Organization not defined, 1, 6.67% Organization not defined 1 publication, 6.67%
Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, 6.67% Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 publication, 6.67%
Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, 6.67% Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 publication, 6.67%
Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, 6.67% Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 publication, 6.67%
Kazan E.K. Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute of the Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Kazan E.K. Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute of the Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, 6.67% Kazan E.K. Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute of the Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 publication, 6.67%
Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences	Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, 1, 6.67% Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences 1 publication, 6.67%
N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences	N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, 6.67% N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 publication, 6.67%
	2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Countries from articles

	2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Russia	Russia, 14, 93.33% Russia 14 publications, 93.33%
Italy	Italy, 2, 13.33% Italy 2 publications, 13.33%
Country not defined	Country not defined, 1, 6.67% Country not defined 1 publication, 6.67%
Iran	Iran, 1, 6.67% Iran 1 publication, 6.67%
	2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Citing organizations

	5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Lomonosov Moscow State University	Lomonosov Moscow State University, 44, 38.94% Lomonosov Moscow State University 44 citations, 38.94%
Organization not defined	Organization not defined, 9, 7.96% Organization not defined 9 citations, 7.96%
N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences	N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, 7.96% N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences 9 citations, 7.96%
Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 5, 4.42% Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences 5 citations, 4.42%
Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 5, 4.42% Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences 5 citations, 4.42%
Bach Institute of Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Bach Institute of Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 5, 4.42% Bach Institute of Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences 5 citations, 4.42%
Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4, 3.54% Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences 4 citations, 3.54%
Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4, 3.54% Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences 4 citations, 3.54%
University of Bologna	University of Bologna, 4, 3.54% University of Bologna 4 citations, 3.54%
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology	Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 2, 1.77% Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology 2 citations, 1.77%
Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, 1.77% Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences 2 citations, 1.77%
Bahcesehir University	Bahcesehir University, 2, 1.77% Bahcesehir University 2 citations, 1.77%
Free University of Berlin	Free University of Berlin, 2, 1.77% Free University of Berlin 2 citations, 1.77%
Japan Science and Technology Agency	Japan Science and Technology Agency, 2, 1.77% Japan Science and Technology Agency 2 citations, 1.77%
Kobe University	Kobe University, 2, 1.77% Kobe University 2 citations, 1.77%
Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, 0.88% Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 citation, 0.88%
International Tomography Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences	International Tomography Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, 0.88% International Tomography Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 citation, 0.88%
Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, 0.88% Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 citation, 0.88%
Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences	Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, 0.88% Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 citation, 0.88%
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University	Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 1, 0.88% Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University 1 citation, 0.88%
Siberian Federal University	Siberian Federal University, 1, 0.88% Siberian Federal University 1 citation, 0.88%
MIREA — Russian Technological University	MIREA — Russian Technological University, 1, 0.88% MIREA — Russian Technological University 1 citation, 0.88%
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology	Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, 1, 0.88% Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology 1 citation, 0.88%
Zhejiang University	Zhejiang University, 1, 0.88% Zhejiang University 1 citation, 0.88%
Centurion University of Technology and Management	Centurion University of Technology and Management, 1, 0.88% Centurion University of Technology and Management 1 citation, 0.88%
Guangdong University of Technology	Guangdong University of Technology, 1, 0.88% Guangdong University of Technology 1 citation, 0.88%
Michigan State University	Michigan State University, 1, 0.88% Michigan State University 1 citation, 0.88%
University of Modena and Reggio Emilia	University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 1, 0.88% University of Modena and Reggio Emilia 1 citation, 0.88%
Pennsylvania State University	Pennsylvania State University, 1, 0.88% Pennsylvania State University 1 citation, 0.88%
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory	Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 1, 0.88% Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 1 citation, 0.88%
Technical University of Dortmund	Technical University of Dortmund, 1, 0.88% Technical University of Dortmund 1 citation, 0.88%
Nelson Mandela University	Nelson Mandela University, 1, 0.88% Nelson Mandela University 1 citation, 0.88%
Arizona State University	Arizona State University, 1, 0.88% Arizona State University 1 citation, 0.88%
Chonnam National University	Chonnam National University, 1, 0.88% Chonnam National University 1 citation, 0.88%
Korea Basic Science Institute	Korea Basic Science Institute, 1, 0.88% Korea Basic Science Institute 1 citation, 0.88%
Lanzhou University of Technology	Lanzhou University of Technology, 1, 0.88% Lanzhou University of Technology 1 citation, 0.88%
Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion	Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, 1, 0.88% Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion 1 citation, 0.88%
Ruhr University Bochum	Ruhr University Bochum, 1, 0.88% Ruhr University Bochum 1 citation, 0.88%
Leipzig University	Leipzig University, 1, 0.88% Leipzig University 1 citation, 0.88%
University of Tokyo	University of Tokyo, 1, 0.88% University of Tokyo 1 citation, 0.88%
Medical College of Wisconsin	Medical College of Wisconsin, 1, 0.88% Medical College of Wisconsin 1 citation, 0.88%
University of Maryland, Baltimore	University of Maryland, Baltimore, 1, 0.88% University of Maryland, Baltimore 1 citation, 0.88%
Kwansei Gakuin University	Kwansei Gakuin University, 1, 0.88% Kwansei Gakuin University 1 citation, 0.88%
University of Utah	University of Utah, 1, 0.88% University of Utah 1 citation, 0.88%
University of Tennessee	University of Tennessee, 1, 0.88% University of Tennessee 1 citation, 0.88%
N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences	N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, 0.88% N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 citation, 0.88%

	5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Citing countries

	10 20 30 40 50 60
Russia	Russia, 53, 46.9% Russia 53 citations, 46.9%
Country not defined	Country not defined, 9, 7.96% Country not defined 9 citations, 7.96%
USA	USA, 8, 7.08% USA 8 citations, 7.08%
Germany	Germany, 5, 4.42% Germany 5 citations, 4.42%
Italy	Italy, 4, 3.54% Italy 4 citations, 3.54%
Japan	Japan, 4, 3.54% Japan 4 citations, 3.54%
China	China, 3, 2.65% China 3 citations, 2.65%
India	India, 2, 1.77% India 2 citations, 1.77%
Turkey	Turkey, 2, 1.77% Turkey 2 citations, 1.77%
Republic of Korea	Republic of Korea, 1, 0.88% Republic of Korea 1 citation, 0.88%
South Africa	South Africa, 1, 0.88% South Africa 1 citation, 0.88%
	10 20 30 40 50 60

We do not take into account publications without a DOI.
Statistics recalculated daily.